Technological regimes or “perceived” technological regimes? Evidence from the Italian wine industry

PurposeTechnological regimes define the environment in which innovative and learning activities take place in each sector of the economy. In this paper, the authors argue that technological regimes must be interpreted and elaborated by each organisation operating within a sector in order to be implemented rationally, which leads us to the concept of perceived technological regimes.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested the relevance of firms' perceptions of different technological regimes on a sample of wine companies in Italy. The authors run a questionnaire survey and obtained 334 clean responses. Data drawn from questionnaires were analysed via econometric analysis.FindingsThe authors present empirical evidence that this perception tends to vary across different wine technologies. Additionally, the authors find evidence that firms' technology adoption, absorptive capacity and external knowledge sourcing have a strong impact on their perceptions of the relevance of a given wine-making technology.Originality/valueWhile individual technological regimes are characterised by systematic differences in the distribution of heterogeneous firm types, previous empirical studies have not explored whether the technological environment defining a given industry is differently interpreted and elaborated by each firm operating in it.

Analysis of Multiple Indicators of Ion Nitrided Layers of BH11 Steel

In modern scientific and engineering expertise there are a few methods for graphical computational analysis related to decision making. However, few of them are devoted to materials science and the determination of the complex of properties separately and simultaneously. This research proposes a decision analysis approach tested for the basic properties of BH11 steel. With the help of the approach the tendencies as technological regimes in the change of the microhardness Hv, the relative wear resistance Kv and the connected nitride zone δnz are established. A model for the phase composition is derived, which interprets all observed trends and technological regimes for the relatively minimal and relatively maximal studied values. Thus, the efficiency of the technology in processing the considered steel is associated with the structure and properties of ion nitrided layers, which as a research is the main task of materials science.

Dynamics of Imitation versus Innovation in Technological Leadership Change: Latecomers’ Catch-up Strategies in Diverse Technological Regimes

We examine the role of latecomers’ optimal resource allocation between innovation and imitation in latecomers’ catch-up under diverse technological regimes. Building on Nelson and Winter (1982), we develop computational models of technological leadership change. The results suggest that one-sided dependency upon either imitation or innovation deters technological leadership change. At an early stage with low-level technologies, latecomers should focus on imitation; then, as the technological gap decreases, they should allocate more R&D resource to innovation. We also examine the role of several variables, such as appropriability, cumulativeness, and cycle time of technologies (CTT), as related to technological regimes. The simulation results show that while low appropriability tends to increase the probability of technological leadership change, it makes imitation a more e˙ective strategy compared to innovation; in addition, while a higher level of cumulativeness tends to reduce the probability of leadership change, it makes imitation a more valuable option because innovation becomes more diÿcult for latecomers. We also find an inverted U-shaped relationship between the CTT and the probability of technological leadership change. When the CTT is short, it makes sense for latecomers to allocate more resources to imitation, especially when their technology level is initially low.

Regimes reloaded! A reappraisal of Schumpeterian patterns of innovation, 1977–2011

One of the most significant results of the empirical literature on innovation studies of the 1980s and 1990s was that innovation patterns were characterized by important inter-sectoral differences. This finding prompted a lively research agenda that: i) provided empirical characterizations of sectoral patterns of innovation by means of taxonomic exercises; ii) sought to interpret sectoral patterns of innovation as emerging properties of underlying selection and learning processes reflecting the structural properties of technical change at sectoral level (“technological regimes”). In this paper, we reconsider one of the landmark works on technological regimes (e.g., Breschi et al. 2000), reassess its findings, and perform a quasi-replication of their its exercise. Our conclusion is that the proposed distinction between Schumpeterian patterns of innovation (Mark I vs. Mark II) and their interpretation in terms of technological regimes has still the promise of yielding important insights concerning on the connection between inventive activities and industrial dynamics.

Rules For Quality Storage Of Grapes

An in-depth study of the biological and physiological processes involved in the storage of grapes, as well as a clear idea about them, is important for the quality of the product. To preserve the quality of grapes, it is necessary to know what processes take place in them during storage and what factors of the external environment affect the course of these processes. The fact that grapes do not lose their quality over some time and lose minimal weight determines their durability. Storage resistance of grapes is determined by their shelf life in favourable conditions. The ability of grapes to be stored in a certain zone and season, as well as in agro-technical and technological regimes is called preservation. Storage is usually defined as the percentage of the weight loss of a product during storage.

Фотоэлектрические преобразователи узкополосного излучения на основе гетероструктур InGaAsP/InP

Utilizing performed research, photoelectric converters of narrow-band radiation (λ ≈ 1.0–1.3 µm) based on InGaAsP / InP heterostructures with an epitaxial p / n junction have been developed and created. Technological regimes that apply of for creating high-quality layers of quaternary InGaAsP solid solutions isoperiodic to indium phosphide in a wide range of compositions by liquid-phase epitaxy have been determined.