Public safety conditions under radiological emergencies monitoring comprehensive system mobile facilities application

The article presents examples of radiological emergencies with ionizing radiation sources used in radioisotope devices. A number of measures aimed at emergency response in relation to such emergencies, including in relation to the control of the radiation situation (CRS) and its assessment, are considered. A variant of building a complex of mobile CRS tools for a comprehensive monitoring system for the state of the population protection is presented. Special attention is paid to the justification and optimization of the CRS use in situations of control loss over IRS, including technical, organizational and scientific approaches to the use of these mobile tools. In order to optimize the group integrated use of mobile CRS tools, typical radiological situations are studied in advance and rational options for the mobile CRS tools using are selected, taking into account different environmental conditions, including natural-geographical, climatic and man-made factors. The considered approaches to optimization in the use of mobile means of comprehensive systems of the public protection conditions monitoring in radiological emergencies allow, first of all, to increase the efficiency of their use and ensure the successful implementation of tasks for the prevention and elimination of such emergencies consequences.

Investigation of Complex Structural Designing of Mobile Facilities for Shipbuilding in Lithuanian Sea Region

In the paper, it is proposed to cover by a mobile moving facility the shipyard open site, in Klaipeda, Lithuania (the EU). The facility of 40 m span consists of transversal frames, which are arranged by the step of 6.0 m, and a system of braces. Two types of steel frames have been considered: trussed and continuous. The actions are specified according to the design codes (Eurocode 3) and climatological data. In dynamic analysis, the longitudinal direction is defined for an inertia action, simulating braking. For calculating, a special algorithm of three stages has been prepared. At the first stage, three calculation schemes of one transversal frame were created. For the proposed schemes of the mobile moving facility, the calculation of only a transversal frame is effective in the preliminary determination of the cross-sectional areas and of the total structural weight. At the second stage, the frames were joined by braces. A preliminary comparison of the calculation results of the models was carried out after the first and second stages of the analysis. At the third stage, the dynamic analysis was performed and the influence of the dynamic impact was estimated. Finally, we compared the calculation results of three different FEM models and chose the most appropriate one. To sum up the investigations, conclusions and recommendations are presented.

Efficient Methodology For Design Of Industrial Electrical Substations and Control Buildings

This paper describes economical strategy for design of industrial electrical substations and control buildings. Limited literature addressed design aspects for this class of buildings. Furthermore, little guidelines are available in practice to regulate this type of steel construction. The first part of the paper overviews the architectural and structural layouts of various industrial buildings. The economical aspects and cost savings resulting in using mobile buildings are discussed. The paper also highlights the engineering challenges that are encountered in the design of mobile facilities. The transportation procedure and design requirements are briefly described. Recommendations are provided to compute the combined center of mass of the building and interior equipments. Effective analysis procedure is also described. The proposed design concept for mobile industrial buildings is cost effective and can be implemented in industry to reduce projects cost.

Robust optimization approach to emergency mobile facility routing

Emergency events such as natural disasters, environmental events, sudden illness, and social security events pose tremendous threats to people’s lives and property security. In order to meet emergency service demands by rationally allocating mobile facilities, an emergency mobile facility routing model is proposed to maximize the total served demand by the available mobile facilities. Based on the uninterruptible feature of emergency services, the model abstracts emergency events act as a combination of multiple uncertain variables. To overcome the computational difficulty, a robust optimization approach and genetic algorithm are employed to obtain solutions. Illustrative examples show that it provides an effective method for solving the emergency mobile facility routing problem, and that the risk factor and penalty factor of the model can further guide decision-making.

Centros de recuperación nutricional: 1984-2011

Los centros de recuperación nutricional (CRN) fueron creados por el Dr. José María Bengoa en Venezuela. En el presente estudio se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa, de 1984 al 2011, que permitió analizar las modalidades de funcionamiento de los diferentes CRN en el mundo, mediante indicadores de: criterios de admisión, parámetros utilizados en estos centros, así como las modalidades de tratamiento, tiempo de estancia y criterios de alta. Se encontraron diecisiete artículos que describen algunos o todos estos indicadores. El uso de los CRN se encontró en cuatro países de África (Etiopía, Kenia, Malawi y Nigeria), cuatro de América (Bolivia, Brasil, Chile y Nicaragua) y dos en Asia (India y Nepal). Los resultados reflejan la importancia de los CRN en el tratamiento de la desnutrición, sobre todo si se acompaña con la educación de las madres sobre la alimentación, prácticas higiénicas, etc., para un mejor cuidado en el hogar. Nuevas evidencias en el tratamiento de la desnutrición han motivado la evolución de los centros, pero aún así, sus limitaciones persisten. No obstante, las ventajas de su uso son excepcionales. Se propone, de acuerdo con los diferentes tipos de centros, y en base a las deficiencias o limitaciones observadas en su conceptualización y designación, redefinir las NRC bajo el concepto de Centros Globales de Nutrición (GloNuCen) basados en la comunidad y la personalización nutricional, los cuales podrían ser centros fijos en el caso de hospitales y servicios ambulatorios, e instalaciones móviles para situaciones de emergencia que, si duran con el tiempo, puedan convertirse en centros fijos. The Nutritional Recovery Centers (NRC) were created by Dr. Jose María Bengoa in Venezuela. In the present study a qualitative systematic review was carried out, from 1984 to 2011, allowing us to analyze the operating modalities of the different CRNs in the world, by means of indicators of: admission criteria, parameters used in these centers, as well as their treatment modalities, time of stay and discharge criteria. Seventeen articles have been found that describe some or all of these indicators. The use of NRCs was found in four African countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi and Nigeria), four in America (Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Nicaragua) and two in Asia (India and Nepal). The results reflect the importance of NRC in the treatment of malnutrition, especially if it is reinforced with mothers' education about food, hygiene practices, etc., for better home care. New evidence in the treatment of malnutrition has motivated the evolution of the centers, but still, their limitations persist. Nonetheless, the advantages of their use are exceptional. It is proposed, according to the different types of centers, and based on the deficiencies or limitations observed in their conceptualization and designation, to redefine the NRCs under the concept of Global Nutrition Centers (GloNuCen) based on the community and nutritional customization, which could be fixed centers in the case of hospitals and outpatient services, and mobile facilities for emergency situations that, if they last over time, could turn into fixed centers.

Monitoring the technical condition of mobile objects

A solution based on monitoring the technical condition of mobile objects by the ZigBee protocol of wireless data transmission standard IEEE 802.15.4 is considered. The monitoring system implementation in industry will permit to increase the facilities operation reliability, to reduce operating costs, to increase the coefficient of techni¬cal readiness and to reduce the amount of repair due to the early detection of malfunctions, which in turn will increase the safety of mobile facilities operation. Keywords: monitoring of facilities; ZigBee protocol; frequency range; access control; security; wireless technology; path loss distribution; mobile transport.

Robust Optimization Solution to Emergency Mobile Facility Fleet Size and Location

Allocation of emergency mobile facility is the key problem of the emergency response system, which affects the cost and the satisfaction of services for emergency so as to rapidly respond to disasters, contagions, etc. In order to seek a reasonable fleet size and locations of emergency mobile facilities, we propose a two-stage programming model with the objective function of minimizing the total cost. With uncertain characteristics of emergency event, the model conforms to the requirement for noninterruptible service and tries to satisfy all emergency demands. For overcoming the computational difficulty of emergency mobile facility fleet size and location problem, a robust optimization approach and modified ant colony algorithm are employed to obtain solutions. The illustrative example shows that the model can provide a reasonable solution to the determination of the fleet size and locations of emergency mobile facilities and that the risk recognition factor of the model can further guide decision-making.