Application of a Zoning Methodology for Groundwater Suitability on Islands, a Case Study of Pingtan Island, China

A groundwater function evaluation systems and associated model was applied to Pingtan Island in China, to support future development, use and protection of groundwater. Groundwater function was assigned to resource, ecology and geological environmental functions, and then further sub-divided, based on hydrogeological conditions, development status, planning and Chine policy requirements. At the same time, it is the first time to try to apply the technical requirements for the division of groundwater resources in island areas. According to the planning and utilization of groundwater resources in Pingtan Island, established a second-level system of shallow groundwater function zoning. Then, by comparing the strong and weak relationships among the groundwater resource function, ecology function, and geological environment function, developed a scoring system of the shallow groundwater function zoning. The division of shallow groundwater function zones in Pingtan Island was finally carried out. The zoning result will play an essential role in the future development, utilization, and protection of groundwater in Pingtan Island. At the same time, it provides the first example for the application of groundwater function zoning in island areas and improves the theoretical results of groundwater function zoning.

Study on community structure and function of symbiotic bacteria at different growth and developmental stages of Hypsizygus marmoreus

Background The symbiotic bacteria occurring naturally in the cultivation bags of edible fungi during the mycelial growth is a huge resource to be explored. It is of significance to analyze the community structure and succession of symbiotic bacteria at the different growth and developmental stages of edible fungi and isolate growth-promoting strains that have an essential relationship with cultivation cycle, and traits and yields of fruiting bodies. Results In all samples from cultivation bags of Hypsizygus marmoreus, 34 bacterial phyla were detected, and Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum (78.85%). Serratia genera increased exponentially in cultivation bags in the matured period reaching the peak abundance of 55.74%, and became the dominant symbiotic flora. The most eye-catching strain was Serratia odorifera HZSO-1, and its quantity increased with the amount of hyphae of H. marmoreus. The results also verified that S. odorifera HZSO-1 was a symbiotic bacterium residing in the hyphae of H. marmoreus, and can promote the growth and development of H. marmoreus, shorten the fruiting cycle by 3–4 days, and increase the fruiting body yield by 12%. Conclusions This study was a pioneering demonstration of the community structure of symbiotic microbiota and its potential micro-ecology function in the growth and development of edible fungi and will lay a theoretical foundation of bacteria-mushroom interaction.

Legal Forest Management Problems: EU Experience

The work contains the analysis of forestry management legal problems in Ukraine and the European Union, highlighting the problematic points in the national legislation and the possibility of implementing the experience of developed countries. There are singled out the ways to improve forestry legislation, with accentuating the need in developing a nation-wide forestry program which would regulate forestry management with accounting for preservation of the forest’s ecology function and biologic potential. It is proved that a woodcutting site has attributes of a forestry relations object as a plot of the forest fund of Ukraine with established borders. Also, there arises the need in revising the Regulation on territorial offices of the central executive power body that carries out state policies in forestry and in bringing it to the correspondence with the requirements of standing legislation of Ukraine and the Regulation on State forest inspection of Ukraine, granting it plenary powers similar to those in the leading European countries, for instance “forest guard” of the Republic of Poland. Key words: Forest; Woodcutting; Timber harvesting; Forest resources; Woodcutting site; Forestry management; Forest site; Forestry.

Potensi Tumbuhan Xanthostemon novoguineensis Valeton (Myrtaceae) dalam Fitoteknologi

This article is essential in a further analysis that related with potential feasibility function of Xanthostemon novoguineensis in phytotechnology from one of an endemic plant in Papua, particularly in the remediation of polluted environment and the phytostructure of open green space area. This review aims to analyse the potential of this plant based on literature review and compare each research results towards some species from Myrtaceae family. X. novoguineensis may be cultivated on an open green space area in Papua due to complying suitable requirements. Those requirements are namely ecology function as a source of insect diets, social-cultural functions in represent culture, the the relationship among Papuan Ethnic and their nature, and aesthetic functions due to its beautiful flower. In addition, the plant has a potential in phytoremediation of polluted environment due to its adaptation ability in a dry soil condition. As the comparison, the phytostructure of open green space area context, X. chrysanthus has been cultivated on a public and private open green space area in Malaysia and Singapore. It has an important role as ecology function due to provide the source of food to many birds species undirectly. Owing to make the city landscape greater, the flower of X. chrysanthus, which has conspicuously and magnificently yellow colour, is a suitable plant to be cultivated. Furthermore, in the remediation assessment of polluted environment, X. chrysanthus has the abilities in adaptation on the dry environment. The range levels acid (pH) of soil are 2-2.5. Interestingly, X. melanoxylon, which is an endemic species from Solomon Island, is growth naturally in an ultrafamic soils, consist of a high concentration of chromium, nickel, and magnesium. It also has a low degree of plants biodiversity. Therefore, according to X. chrysanthus and X. melanoxylon, X. novoguneensis has a tremendous potential as a candidate in Phytostructure and Phytoremediation. However, the further investigation is required to reveal the potential and the conservation challenge of this plant in Papua. Key words: phytoremediation, phytostructure, open green space area, X. chrysanthus, Potential.

Studi Penilaian Ekosistem Mangrove Hasil Tanam Berdasarkan Keberadaan Gastropoda di Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta

The aims of mangrove replanted are to protect and good quality of coastal ecosystems and small islands, but it is have influenced to change of habitat and ecology function. This study conducted at Pramuka Island, Seribu islands, Jakarta, in June 2016. Data of gastropoda using 1 m2 square random sampling and divide depend on height are 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3 m. The aims of study are to determine (i) diversity, density, (ii) vertical distribution, (iii) size shell, (iv) correlation of density with distribution, (v) correlation of size shell with vertical distribution, (vi) correlation of individual with height gastropoda, and (vii) assessment of mangrove replanted depend on gastropoda. The species of Terebralia sp. and Littorina sp. are found in mangrove replanted. The total value of diversity and density of mangrove gastropoda are 0.6 and 31.3 ind/m2, respectively. Vertical distribution of gastropoda Terebralia sp. found in 0-1 m and Littorina sp. in 0-3 m. The density and individual of Terebralia sp. have high value and size shell largest than Littorina sp. Gastropoda found indicated that the mangrove ecosystem in Pramuka island is still young and is in a transition state.

Ecological Optimization of Thermoacoustic Engine with the Characteristic Time

This article used ecological function as an indicator to analyze the relationship between the ecology target value and the characteristic time, obtained the characteristic time value in the maximum ecology function value, made a numerical calculation between ecology target value and the characteristic time. It shows that the ecological function value has a change process with the characteristic time that increases firstly and then decreases, which verifies the calculation results. Simultaneously, it is analyzed the impact to ecology target value with the temperature gradient and other factors. It could provide some help to future research.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FAUNA TANAH DI TAMAN NASIONAL BROMO TENGGER SEMERU SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR TANAH BERSULFUR TINGGI

<p>The using of bioindikator lately become more important with the main function is to describe the existence of relevancy with biotic factor condition and abiotic area. Land fauna is enough as land indicator because it has sensitive respond to land and climate management practice, having good correlation to the land characteristic that benefits and the ecology function can describe causal chain that connects land management decision to the last productivity and plant and animal health. This research has purpose to identify kind of land fauna found in Bromo Tengger Semeru national park, analyse kinds of land fauna and analyse land fauna that can be used as land bioindikator with high sulphur standard.</p> <p>The research uses exploration method, that arrange land fauna observation Bromo Tengger Semeru national park and taking land sample to be analyzed in laboratory. Taking sample location in Bromo, Jemplang area (near Bromo mountain). In each location is being observed to land fauna with plot 1 X 1 m, as many as 10 plots. Land fauna found in each plots is noted about genre and amount. The sample of the land is taken, then brought to the laboratory and analyzed to find out the content of pH land, S land, organic material and C/N land.</p> <p>The result of this research shows that land fauna found in Bromo Tengger Semeru national park are 10 ordo, contained 29 family. Land fauna diversity in Bromo mountain is in lower area if it is compared with other area, with index</p> 2.07 variety. Jemplang area has index variety 2.35 and Penanjakan area has index the highest fauna diversity, that is 2.73. Bromo mountain area has total sulphur 74,683 mg/1000g land and it is the area of research within highest sulphur. Land fauna used as land bioindicator within highest sulphur is ordo Brachyderinae for indicator the existence fauna and Mesoveliidae for bioindicator the inexistence of fauna.