Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory to Improve Children's Self-Care: An Integrative Review

Often school-age children are thought of as dependent on their parents and not necessarily involved in behaviors related to their own self-care. It is important to implement and advance self-care performance early in life to promote healthy lifestyles. This review examined the use of Orem's Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory in relation to children's self-care behaviors. This integrative review followed the Whittemore and Knafl guidelines. A systematic search was conducted using the nursing databases. The sixteen study articles were identified for the review, and five themes were identified. Children can develop skills and actively participate in maintaining health and wellbeing. Self-care programs based on Orem's theory are well suited to assist individuals including children to improve self-care skills that lead better self-care practices. Nurses guided by Orem's SCDNT will be well equipped to promote children's knowledge and self-care skills for maintaining health and preventing negative health outcomes.

Self-Care Instruments to Measure Nutrition Practices in Children and Parents: Psychometric Analysis

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of English and Spanish instruments that measure the nutrition behavior and practices of children and their parents. Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory was used in this methodological study. A convenience sample of 333 children and 262 mothers participated from two schools in Washington, D.C. and two schools in Santiago, Chile. Principal component analysis indicated three component per instrument corresponding to Orem’s Theory of operations demonstrating construct validity of the instrument. The study findings showed evidence for validity and reliability of the English and Spanish versions and indicated that the instruments appropriately represented Orem’s operations. The results have implications for the development of health behavior measurement instruments that are valid, reliable, designed for children, culturally appropriate, and efficient. Measuring the nutrition behavior of children and parents is critical for determining the effectiveness of nutrition intervention programs. Furthermore, instruments are needed so that researchers can compare corresponding child and parent behaviors or compare behaviors across cultures.

Developing a Middle-Range Theory of Heart Failure Self-Care

Middle-range nursing theories provide a bridge between the more abstract grand nursing theories, research, and clinical practice. As such, middle-range nursing theories derived from extant nursing theories are critical for developing and advancing both nursing science and practice. This paper describes the strategy used in developing a middle-range theory of heart failure self-care. After integrating theoretical and empirical literature, a hypothetico-deductive approach was used to develop the middle-range theory of heart failure self-care from Orem’s theory of self-care. Theoretical substruction was used to provide a graphic representation of the conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure demonstrating the congruence between the theoretical and operational systems.

Promotion of self-care for people with leprosy: educational intervention in the light of Orem’s theory

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the experience of promoting self-care for people with leprosy during educational interventions in the light of Orem’s theory. Method: Experience report of an educational intervention. The analysis was carried out in the light of Orem’s theory of nursing systems, in the support-education system. Results: The guidelines for self-care took into account actions to prevent nasal dryness; and promote decreased sensitivity, joint swelling, pain and dryness in the hands and feet. Final considerations: The educational intervention to promote self-care favored the protagonism of the person with leprosy who started to carry out preventive care with continuity and autonomy.

Internet Use for Health-Related Information: Self-Care Agency of Lower Income Persons Living With HIV/AIDS

Chronically ill persons with a condition requiring self-care activities can benefit from learning from reliable internet sources. Orem’s theory of self-care was used to answer the question: Does increasing technical knowledge about reliable internet sites for health information increase self-care agency of low-income persons living with HIV/AIDS ( N = 100)? Self-care agency, as measured by the Self-As-Carer Inventory, increased but not significantly, after two educational interventions. We hoped to gain insight into the measurement of self-care agency in our African American and Hispanic population. The only significantly different basic conditioning factor was ethnicity in that non-Hispanic/Latinos scored higher on self-care agency than Hispanic/Latinos; the only significantly different subscale was the Judgment and Decisions Affecting Production of Self-care subscale. Self-care agency remained stable over the 1-week period, pointing to two possible conclusions: Scores accurately reflect self-care agency, and a more intensive, longer intervention may be needed to change self-care agency.

Application of Orem’s theory on wounds: an integrative review

Objective: To characterize the scientific production on the application of Orem’s self-care theory in the scope of wounds. Method: Integrative literature review with the available articles that highlight the theme. The following informational resources were used: VHL, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed and SciELO. The following descriptors were listed: Self Care, Nursing Theory, Wound and Ulcer, in their English and Portuguese versions. The final sample consisted of 10 publications. Data were collected using a validated tool. Evaluation and data synthesis were produced through description and simple statistical evaluations. Results: The analyzed researches were developed in four countries; English language was predominant; publications began in 2004. The theory was applied in nursing care systematization, as a teaching strategy for self-care and as a theoretical framework. The articles linked the theory to diabetic foot, venous ulcer, leg/lower limb ulcers (no specification of type), burns and pressure injury. Conclusion: Orem’s theory was applied to a variety of individuals and contexts, its applicability within the scope of wounds is something concrete, regardless of the type of injury.

Patient Care Approach Using Nursing Theories - Comparative Analysis of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Henderson’s Model

Nursing theories have been developed to provide guidance in clinical practice, so their knowledge by nurses is mandatory in order to provide advanced nursing care. This paper presents the relationships between the concepts and major assumptions of Henderson’s model and Orem’s theory and then their comparative analysis. Both, Henderson’s model and Orem’s theory of self-care deficit have a major impact, internationally, in education and research, but also in nursing practice, as a result of which their knowledge can open a new perspective on care, especially in countries where they are not well enough known.

PENERAPAN TEORI SELF CARE OREM DALAM ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS

Abstrak Diabetes melitus merupakan sekelompok gangguan metabolisme tubuh, ditandai dengan hiperglikemik kronis yang dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi akut dan kronis. Salah satu peran perawat sebagai pemberi asuhan adalah memberikan asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas melalui pendekatan Teori Self Care Orem. Penggunaan pendekatan teori ini diharapkan dapat membantu perawat dalam menanggulangi keterbatasan yang dimiliki pasien dan melibatkan pasien secara aktif dalam proses perawatannya melalui peilaku perawatan mandiri. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah akhir ini adalah menganalisis hasil proses belajar praktik klinik keperawatan medikal bedah melalui penerapan asuhan keperawatan, penerapan evidence based nursing practice, dan inovasi keperawatan. Data yang diperoleh selama praktik klinik menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien diabetes melitus mengalami komplikasi ulkus kaki diabetik yang disebabkan oleh perilaku perawatan kaki mandiri belum optimal. Hasil penerapan evidence based nursing practice berupa kegiatan edukasi perawatan kaki mandiri dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan membentuk perilaku perawatan kaki sebagai tindakan pencegahan dini. Hasil kegiatan inovasi keperawatan melalui pengkajian kesehatan mandiri adalah pasien dapat melakukan pengkajian mandiri terhadap kebutuhan edukasi dan mendapatkan edukasi sesuai kebutuhan mereka. Kesimpulan dari karya ilmiah akhir ini adalah perlunya peningkatan kualitas asuhan keperawatan pada pasien diabetes melitus melalui pendekatan teori keperawatan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian pasien dalam pengelolaan penyakitnya. Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Teori Self Care Orem, Edukasi Perawatan Kaki Mandiri, Pengkajian Kesehatan Mandiri Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that characterized by chronic hyperglycemia which could lead to acute and chronic complications. One of nurse roles in managing diabetes mellitus is deliver nursing care using Orem’s Theory of Self Care as guide of nursing practice. With this theoretical approach, nursing is expected to be able to overcome the limitations and inability of the patients and actively involve patients in the treatment process through self-care behaviors. The aims of this paper is to analyze the implementation of nursing care, application of evidence based nursing practice, and innovation program which integrated to clinical practice. Based on patient collective data, it was found that the majority of diabetes mellitus patients had been hospitalized with diabetic foot ulcers complications that caused by non-optimal foot self-care behavior. The results of evidence based nursing practice showed that the diabetic foot care education program can improve the knowledge and build the foot self-care behavior as early prevention action. The results of innovation program through self-health assessment program showed that patients could assess their needs and get health education according to the assessment results. In conclusion, it’s needed to improve the quality in caring for diabetes mellitus patients through application of nursing theory to increase the self-care behaviors in management of disease. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Orem’s Theory of Self Care, Diabetic Foot Care Education, Self-Health Assessment.