KOMPOSISI HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN PADA KM PUSPA SARI 03 DI PERAIRAN SUMATERA BARAT

Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bungus memiliki potensi perikanan yang melimpah. Produksi hasil perikanannya semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Posisi Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bungus juga sangat dekat dengan WPP 572. Alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bungus adalah Bagan Berahu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi hasil tangkapan bagan perahu pada KM PUSPA SARI 03 di Perairan Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 134 hari yaitu pada tanggal 11 Januari 2021 sampai dengan 25 Mei 2021 dengan melakukan operasi penangkapan ikan di perairan Sumatera Barat pada KM PUSPA SARI 03 yang berpengkalan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Bungus, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi/pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 3 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan utama kapal bagan perahu KM. Puspa Sari 03 yaitu: Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis), Tuna sirip Kuning (Thunnus albacares), dan Layang Deles (Decapterus macrosoma). Total hasil tangkapan sebanyak 62.674 kg, dengan komposisi hasil tangkapan yaitu ikan tongkol sebesar 49 % atau (30.840 kg) kemudian ikan layang deles sebesar 35 % atau (21.690 kg) dan ikan tuna sirip kuning sebesar 16 % atau (10.144 kg). Data tersebut di dapat selama 14 trip penangkapan dengan jumlah setting 96 kali.

INTRODUKSI LAMPU CELUP PADA PENGOPERASIAN JARING INSANG HANYUT

Peluang keberhasilan operasi penangkapan ikan dengan jaring insang hanyut sangat ditentukan oleh arah ruaya ikan terhadap posisi jaring. Ikan akan tertangkap jika arah renangnya terhadang oleh jaring. Penelitian mencoba meningkatkan peluang ikan tertangkap dengan memanfaatkan lampu celup. Tujuannya untuk menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lampu celup akan meningkatkan jumlah ikan hasil tangkapan tanpa mengurangi komposisi jenisnya. Dua unit jaring insang dioperasikan secara bersamaan. Salah satu unit jaring insang dilengkapi dengan lampu celup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan lampu celup tidak mempengaruhi komposisi jenis ikan yang tertangkap, tetapi hanya mempengaruhi jumlah tangkapannya. Jumlah total ikan hasil tangkapan jaring insang yang dilengkapi lampu celup mencapai 3.521 ekor, atau 58,82% dari seluruh ikan hasil tangkapan, sedangkan jaring insang tanpa lampu celup sebanyak 2.465 ekor (41,18%). Rincian hasil tangkapan jaring insang yang dilengkapi lampu celup dan tanpa lampu celup adalah mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) sebanyak 218 ekor dan 129 ekor, spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) (80; 50), needlefish (Tylosurus crocodilus) (7; 3), Indo-Pacific sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) (4; 2), driftfish (Psenes cyanophrys) (2.838; 2.051), dan moonfish (Mene maculata) (374; 230). Kata kunci: high-brightness LEDs, jaring insang hanyut, komposisi jenis ikan, lampu celup

Stock identification of Kawakawa Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849) from Peninsular Malaysia using discriminant analysis

Small epipelagic and migratory, Eutynnus affinis (kawakawa) is one of the commercially significant tunas of Indo-Pacific’s tropical and subtropical waters. Consequently, successful management must ensure its sustainability. Unfortunately, the management and stock structure of certain migratory species in the area are not clear. The current study aimed to discriminate the E. affinis through body shape variations and to evaluate the variations among seven populations of E. affinis. A total of 114 individuals of E. affinis collected from two main geographic area, Straits of Malacca and South China Sea. Multivariate analyses, such as discriminant function analyses (DFA) of 12 morphometric characters was carried out to discriminate seven populations of E. affinis. The results revealed there is a significant variation among the body shape and seven populations of E. affinis. The average shapes of populations from Terengganu, Kelantan, and Johor were approximately similar to each other. In contrast, the average shapes of populations from Selangor were separated. This present study is the first report using morphometric method conducted on E. affinis from Peninsular Malaysian waters.

TALEN-Mediated Gene Editing of slc24a5 (Solute Carrier Family 24, Member 5) in Kawakawa, Euthynnus affinis

Transcription activator-like effector (TALE) nucleases (TALENs) mediated gene editing methods are becoming popular and have revealed the staggering complexity of genome control during development. Here, we present a simple and efficient gene knockout using TALENs in kawakawa, Euthynnus affinis, using slc24a5. We examined slc24a5 gene expression and functional differences between two TALENs that hold the TALE scaffolds, +153/+47 and +136/+63 and target slc24a5. Developmental changes in slc24a5 transcripts were seen in early-stage embryos by real-time PCR; slc24a5 expression was first detected 48 h post fertilization (hpf), which increased dramatically at 72 hpf. Four TALENs, 47- and 63-type of two different target loci (A and B), respectively, were constructed using Platinum TALEN and evaluated in vitro by a single-strand annealing (SSA) assay. TALEN activities were further evaluated in vivo by injecting TALEN mRNAs in the two-cell stage of the zygote. Most of the TALEN-induced mutants showed mosaic patterns in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and fewer melanin pigments on the body at 72 hpf and later when compared to the control, implying the gene’s association with melanin pigment formation. A heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and the genome sequence further confirmed the TALEN-induced mutations of substitution, insertion, and deletion at an endogenous locus.

Identification of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis), and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) using deep learning

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis), and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) have important economic values for the capture fisheries in Indonesia. Activities of identifying these fish and other types of tuna have been done manually, which can lead to errors and ultimately affect statistics, stock estimates, or traceability. The aim of this research is to use deep learning methods in identifying three species of tuna, specifically yellowfin tuna, mackerel tuna, and skipjack tuna. YOLO’s newest model, YOLOv5, was used to identify the fish. The number of epochs that produces the optimum accuracy value for use in the YOLOv5 model is 400. The values for training loss, accuracy, precision, recall and F1-Score when the model is learning with a total of 400 epochs are 0.000253, 95%, 98.1%, 93.9%, and 96%. Based on these results, the three species of tuna can be identified with high accuracy.

Design and implementation of fish freshness detection algorithm using deep learning

Organoleptic assessment of fresh fish includes specifications for the quality of the eyes, gills, mucus, odor, texture and flesh (color and appearance). However, not everyone has knowledge about it. This research uses the tiny yolov2 to facilitate the determination of fish freshness levels (good quality, medium quality, poor quality) correctly and fast. There are a few stages in this research, included organoleptic test accompanied by taking fish eye image dataset every hour, processing organoleptic test data labeling, training, and validation. There are three types of fish used, consists of Rastrelliger, Euthynnus affinis, and Chanos chanos. Detection of fish freshness level for three species was successfully carried out with the result of average precision is 72.9%, average recall is 57.5%, and accuracy is 57.5%. The factors that affect the prediction results in this study is the collection of datasets before the training process is carried out consisting of fish samples obtained from traditional markets, which are considered inadequate so that it affects the organoleptic test process itself, the organoleptic test that was carried out as a reference for image sorting was considered inaccurate because it used less than 30 untrained panelists and dataset imbalance.

Product Authentication Using Two Mitochondrial Markers Reveals Inconsistent Labeling and Substitution of Canned Tuna Products in the Taiwanese Market

Fish of the tribe Thunnini represent a significant proportion of the stock caught by the fishing industry, with many of these fishes being collectively called tuna. However, only certain species can be used legally as an ingredient in canned tuna products, depending on regional food regulations. In Taiwan, only Thunnus species or Katsuwonus pelamis can be used as canned tuna. Here, we authenticated 90 canned tuna products, including 25 cat food samples, by sequencing two mitochondrial regions, 16S rRNA (16S) and the control region (CR). BLAST analysis revealed that Sarda orientalis, Euthynnus affinis, Auxis rochei, and Auxis thazard are all used as substitutes for legitimate tuna products. We found that 63.33% of investigated samples are true canned tuna, i.e., contain Thunnus species or skipjack tuna. We advocate that the Taiwanese government publishes an official standardized list of fishes, especially so that scientific, Chinese and vernacular names can be assigned unambiguously based on a “one species-one name policy”, thereby clarifying which species can be used in seafood products such as tuna. Furthermore, we feel that the large-scale and long-term monitoring of canned tuna products is warranted to fully assess the extent of tuna product adulteration in Taiwan.

A Study on Phyto-Chemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Spices on Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Commercially Important Edible Marine Fishes, Euthynnus Affinis (Cantor), Katsuwonus Pelamis L. and Auxis Thazard (Lacepede) (Family Scombridae)

Ten bacterial species were isolated and monthly variations in their count were recorded from three edible tuna fishes. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of hexane, chloroform, methanol, and distilled water extracts of twelve common spices, against the isolated bacteria were evaluated. The study indicates that these pathogenic bacteria in all three tuna fish species cause various human health problems upon consumption.

The Selectivity of Purse Seine Againt Euthynnus affinis Catch in PPN Muara Angke Jakarta

Purse seine is one of the fishing gear that has been used by PPN Muara Angke fisher to catch pelagis fish. The selectivity of purse seine was still being researched until now . This research was conducted determine the selectivity of purse seine fishing gear with parameter the length of Euthynnus affinis, weight and numbers catch on purse seine fishing gear landed in PPN Muara Angke. The research used a survey method with quantitative descriptive analysis. The sampling method used in this was purposive sampling and random sampling. The data collected during the research were primary data and secondary data. Primary data included the number and weight of catches, fork length of Euthynnus affinis from five purse seine fishing vessel in PPN Muara Angke. Secondary data included production data of purse seine catches from 2015-2019 and vessel data obtained from Central Port Management Unit Jakarta and PPN Muara Angke. Purposive sampling used for the number of catch, weight of catch, production of purse seine catch from 2015-2019 and purse seine fishing vessels data. Random sampling used for fork length Euthynnus affinis fish, 250 samples were taken randomly on one purse seine fishing vessel. The research results pusre seine fishing gear which was landed at PPN Muara Angke was not selective due to the percentage length of the Euthynnus affinis was worth, proportion of amount and weight less than 60%.

Population dynamics of eastern little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) in Ternate Waters

Eastern little tuna production still depends on stocks from nature, so it is feared that if production continues to increase it will threaten the sustainability of tuna resources, therefore for the sake of sustainable management information is needed on population parameters so that research is carried out from January to April 2021 with the aim of assessing the dynamics of the population of these resources. The data collection procedure was carried out by measuring the total length of the fish caught per fishing trip for 4 months using a meter with a unit (centimeter) cm and an accuracy of 1 mm. The results of the research showed that tuna in the southern waters of Ternate Island had stable growth parameters including maximum length (L∞) 68.25 cm with a growth coefficient (K) of 0.25 per month, t0 -0.20, with total mortality, natural and fishing values respectively. respectively are 0.64, 0.43, 0.21 and the level of exploitation is 0.33 where this value indicates that the rate of exploitation is smaller so it is necessary to increase fishing effort until the optimum value reaches 0.38.