Maternal interleukin-6 and prostaglandin levels post-regiosacral counter-pressure as pain therapy due to uterine contractions

Pain is a physiological condition that is generally experienced by almost all mothers in labor or pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea). Pain causes tachycardia in the mother, increased oxygen consumption, lactic (lactic) acid production, hyperventilation with a risk of respiratory alkalosis, and increased skeletal muscle tension. Regiosarcal Counter Pressure is an effective therapy to reduce pain due to uterine contractions. Based on research that has been done, Regiosarcal counter-pressure therapy can reduce pain levels and has also been shown to slightly reduce prostaglandin (PGE-2) levels in an insignificant amount. Changes in PGE-2 are suspected to have an impact on the stimulant hormone Interleukin-6 (IL-6). This study aims to determine the levels of IL-6 and prostaglandins in the first stage of labor. The research method used quasi-experimental, with inclusion criteria of first-stage labor, no pelvic abnormalities and other abnormalities that hindered the process of vaginal delivery, primiparas, singleton pregnancies, the location of the head did not receive painkillers. The results obtained 25 respondents with an average age of 23.72 (± 2.89) years, the average concentration of IL-6 before therapy was 185.159 (± 3.76) pg/ml and the mean after therapy was 180.782 (± 22.05) pg. /ml, the mean concentration of PGE2 before treatment was 223.521 (± 72.73) pg/ml and the mean after treatment was 179.873 (± 110.61) pg/ml. Administration of regiosacral counter-pressure therapy did not significantly reduce the levels of the hormone IL-6 and prostaglandins in women who experienced uterine contractions.

Penerapan Counter Pressure Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Di Klinik Rahayu Ungaran

Pain during labor increases maternal anxiety which can increase the risk of prolonged labor and high rates of secsio caesaria because this is the determining point of whether a mother can undergo a vaginal delivery or end with an action due to complications caused by severe pain.It is very important for the delivery helpers to meet the mother's need for their security and comfort.This study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of Counter Pressure Massage Against Decreased Labor Pain During I Active Phase at Rahayu Ungaran Clinic. This research uses preecperiment research method with the design of one group pretest posttest research. Samples were taken using accidental sampling techniques, namely as many as 20 maternity mothers. The instruments used in this study are SOP sheets (Standard Operating Procedures). The results of this study using Marginal Homogenity Test showed the value of Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) acquired 0.000. Based on statistical test criteria: If a Significant value > 0.05 then there is a difference or H0 is accepted. So 0.000 > 0.05 means in this case there is a difference before and when counter pressure technique or H0 is accepted. There is an effect of Counter Pressure Massage on the reduction of labor pain during the I active phase at Rahayu Ungaran Clinic. It is expected that future researchers will carry out a Counter Pressure Massage for mothers so that they can be used as a method of effective pain reduction. ABSTRAK Nyeri persalinan dapat menimbulkan stres yang dapat menyebabkan pelepasan hormon yang berlebihan seperti ketokolamin dan steroid. Nyeri dapat dikurangi dengan teknik farmakologi dan teknik nonfarmakologi. Teknik farmakologi dengan menggunakan obat analgesik, sedangkan teknik nonfarmakologik adalah pengendalian nyeri dengan menggunakan teknik counterpressure yang mengurangi sensasi nyeri dengan menghambat rasa sakit dari sumbernya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Counter Pressure Massage Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif di Klinik Rahayu Ungaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian preeksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian one group pretest posttest. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, yaitu sebanyak 20 ibu bersalin. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar SOP (Standar Operasional Prosedur). Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan uji Marginal Homogenity Test menunjukkan nilai nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) diperoleh 0.000. Berdasarkan kriteria pengujian statistik: Jika nilai Signifikan > 0.05 maka terdapat perbedaan atau H0 diterima. Jadi 0.000 > 0.05 berarti dalam hal ini terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan saat dilakukan teknik counter pressure atau H0 diterima. Ada pengaruh Counter Pressure Massage terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di Klinik Rahayu Ungaran. Diharapkan ibu bersalin peneliti yang akan datang untuk melakukan Counter Pressure Massage sehingga dapat dijadikan metode pengurangan rasa nyeri yang efektif.

Efektifitas Massage Counter Pressure Pada Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif

Labor pain is a subjective experience of physical sensations associated with uterine contractions, cervical dilation and thinning, and fetal decline during labor. Severe pain condition during the first stage of labor allows mothers to tend to choose the easiest and fastest way to relieve pain. Efforts that can be made to deal with the first stage of labor pain are non-pharmacological methods, one of which is counter pressure massage. To determine the difference in pain before and after counter pressure massage in the active phase I labor pain. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and posttest control group design. The sampling method was accidental sampling with a sample size of 15 people. Statistical test analysis using Dependent T-Test. The average labor pain before counter pressure massage was 3,600 with a standard deviation of 0.507 and after counter pressure massage the respondent's pain value was 2,666 with a standard deviation of 0.617, it was seen that there was a difference in value or decrease before and after the counter pressure massage was carried out, namely 0.933 with standard deviation of 0.258 and the statistical test results obtained p = 0.000. There was a significant difference between pain before and after counter pressure massage at Alin's Medical Clinic. It is hoped that health workers, especially midwives, can provide counter pressure massage to mothers who give birth in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in mothers. ABSTRAK Nyeri persalinan merupakan pengalaman subjektif tentang sensasi fisik yang terkait dengan kontraksi uterus, dilatasi dan penipisan serviks, serta penurunan janin selama persalinan. Kondisi Nyeri yang hebat pada kala I persalinan memungkinkan para ibu cenderung memilih cara yang paling gampang dan cepat untuk menghilangkan rasa nyeri. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi nyeri persalinan Kala I adalah dengan metode non farmakologis salah satunya dengan massage counter pressure. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan nyeri sebelum dan sesudah massage counter pressure pada nyeri persalinan kala I Fase Aktif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest dan posttest desgn. Metode pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 15 orang. Analisis uji statistik menggunakan Dependent T-Test. Rata-rata nyeri persalinan sebelum dilakukan massage counter pressure adalah 3.600 dengan standar deviasi 0.507 dan setelah dilakukan massage counter pressure nilai nyeri responden yaitu 2.666 dengan standar deviasi 0.617, terlihat adanya perbedaan nilai atau penurunan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan massage counter pressure yaitu 0.933 dengan standar deviasi 0.258 serta hasil uji statistik didapatkan p=0.000. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nyeri sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan massage counter pressure di Alin’s Medical Clinic. Diharapkan petugas kesehatan terutama bidan dapat memberikan massage counter pressure pada ibu bersalin agar dapat mengurangi angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada ibu

PENGARUH TEKNIK MASASE COUNTER PRESSURE TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENURUNAN NYERI PERSALINAN KALA 1 FASE AKTIF DI BPM HERASDIANA

PENGARUH TEKNIK MASASE COUNTER PRESSURE TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENURUNAN NYERI PERSALINAN KALA 1 FASE AKTIF DI BPM HERASDIANA 1Selvy Apriani, 2HEnderia Sari 1Fakultas ilmu Kesehatan Program studi D III Kebidanan, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan dan Teknologi Muhammadiyah Palembang [email protected] 2Fakultas ilmu Kesehatan Program studi D III Kebidanan, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan dan Teknologi Muhammadiyah Palembangen [email protected] ABSTRAK Proses persalinan merupakan rangkaian yang pasti dilalui oleh setiap ibu hamil, nyeri pada saat persalinan merupakan kondisi fisiologis yang secara universal di alami oleh hampir semua ibu bersalin. Manajemen nyeri persalinan dapat diterapkan secara non farmakologis tanpa penggunaan obat-obatan seperti relaksasi dan masase. Persalinan lama adalah penyebab utama kesakitan ibu selama persalinan, nyeri persalinan dapat dikelola melalui penanganan nyeri yang tepat salah satunya dengan teknik masase counter pressure. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui intensitas nyeri persalinan sebelum dan setelah dilakukan masase counter pressure serta pengaruh teknik masase counter pressure. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah quasi eksperiment, desain satu kelompok pre dan post test. Teknik menggunakan observasi partisipatif, yaitu melakukan pengukuran intensitas nyeri dan melakukan tindakan teknik masase counter pressure. Sample penelitian adalah ibu bersalian yang berda dalam kala I fase aktif, berjumlah 30 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sample total sampling. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa rata-rata nyeri sebelum masase counter pressure 7,27 dengan standar deviasi 691. Pada responden yang telah dilakukan teknik masase counter pressure rata-rata nyeri persalinan adalah 5,47 dengan standar deviasi 819. Terlihat nilai mean perbedaan antara nyeri sebelum dan sesudah teknik masase counter pressure adalah 1800 dengan standar deviasi 887. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai p=0,0001 maka dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan yang significan rata-rata intensitas penurunan nyeri sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan teknik masase counter pressure. Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh teknik masase counter pressure terhadap penurunan intensitas persalinan normal. Teknik masase counter pressure dapat diterapkan oleh bidan dalam melakukan asuhan intranatal, dapat dimasukan dalam protap penatalaksanaan nyeri persalinan.

Experimental Investigation on Tensile Properties and Yield Strength Modeling of T5 Heat-Treated Counter Pressure Cast A356 Aluminum Alloys

In the present study, experimental investigations on microstructures and tensile properties of an counter-pressure cast (CPC) A356 aluminum alloy under different T5 heat treatment conditions were conducted in the temperature range of 160–200 ∘C for 1–48 h. As the T5 heat treatment time increased, both tensile and yield strength of the CPC A356 alloy either continuously increased at 160 ∘C until 48 h of heat treatment time or increased until the maximum strength values were achieved and then decreased, showing peak aging behavior at 180 and 200 ∘C. Changes in microstructural aspects, such as size and aspect ratio, of the eutectic Si, Mg and Si distribution in the α-Al grain and the stability of intermetallic compounds were found to be negligible during the T5 heat treatments employed in the present study. From high resolution-transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) analysis, nanosized needle-like β′′ precipitates were identified in the specimens, showing a significant increase in strength after the T5 heat treatment. Based on the measured tensile properties and observed microstructure changes, a yield strength model was proposed to predict yield strengths of CPC A356 alloys at arbitrary T5 heat treatment conditions. The calculation results of the model showed good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the present study. From the model calculations, the optimal T5 heat treatment time or temperature conditions were suggested.

Efektifitas Kombinasi Teknik Counter Pressure dan Pelvic Rocking Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Kala I Fase Aktif Persalinan Normal di Puskesmas Kayamanya

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking terhadap penurunan nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan di Puskesmas Kayamanya. Rancangan penelitian yang pakai yaitu studi Quasi Eksperimental, dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah non probability sampling berupa teknik consecutive sampling. Data diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dengan ukuran persentase dan uji t – dependent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok intervensi, sebelum diberikan perlakuan kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking rerata sebesar 6,3 dan setelah intervensi 1,73. Kombinasi tehnik Counter-pressure dan pelvic rocking memberikan hasil selisih rerata 4,6 yang artinya lebih besar dibandingkan dengan nilai rerata teknik counter pressure yaitu 2,3. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji t-dependent menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p < 0,05. Kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking lebih baik dalam penurunan nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan normal dibandingkan teknik counter pressure