Hypersexual Behavior Due to Premature Psychosexual Development: Clinical Examples

The article contains 3 clinical examples, which demonstrate possible appearance of hypersexuality, caused by premature psychosexual development. The first case (observed by the author) deals with a 13-year-old teenager, who was adopted at the age of 9. His birth mother (BM), who was deprived of parental rights, abused alcoholic beverages. BM had sexual intercourses with men, while her son was with her in the same bed. Besides approximately from the age of 6–7 years she sucked his penis. Soon after his adoption the boy climbed up on his lying adoptive mother (AM), with whom he lived together in one flat, and began pressing his lips to hers (“he lied like a male on a female”). Once, when they were visited by AM relatives and it was necessary to distribute, who would sleep with whom, a decision was made that the adopted son (AS) would sleep with a 7-year-old adopted grandson (AG) of AM. Then AS was 12 and he, as it was found out later, made an attempt to insert his erected penis into the anus of AG, but the latter managed to writhe himself free. At the same age of 12 he attempted a sexual intercourse with a native granddaughter of AM (a little girl), who told her grandmother about it. Then they found a significant amount of blood on her panties and genitals, and decided that he deflowered her. But as a result of forensic examination it was revealed that the blood on the granddaughter’s panties and genitals was not hers, but belonged to AS, whose attempt to insert his penis into her vagina resulted in a rupture of his penile frenulum, that made him stop any further sexual actions. AM informed that AS constantly peeped at her when she was naked or scantly dressed. He did the same with her granddaughter, after what she refused to visit them. Now, in order not “to be in the cross hairs”, AM takes a bath only after he leaves for school. As a result of his talk with AM and examination of AS the author has concluded that the patient has sexual disinhibition associated with his premature psychosexual development, the latter being caused by sexually molesting behaviour on the part of the child’s BM. The second and third cases (observations by other authors) also deal with hypersexual behaviour, caused by premature psychosexual development.

Distinguishing: Appointment, Recognition of Children and Ratification of Children Based on Law Number 23 of 2006 concerning Population Administration

Article 4 7(1) of Law No 23 of 2006 on the Administration of the Population (Adminduk) provides that the adoption of children is a legal act to transfer the rights of the child from the families of parents, legal guardians and others responsible for the care, education and bringing of children into the families of their adoptive parents by decision of the Court Basing this child acceptance on the concept or limitation of child adoption is a legal act with certain law-controlled goals and aims and inevitable legal consequences, such as the bodily and psychological responsibility of the child he or she accepts. Kid Recognition is a father's recognition of his kid born from lawful marriage with the agreement of the biological mother of the child. Kid acknowledgment is meant to provide the child a biological father/father, as well as legal civil ties. The provisions mentioned in the Elucidation of Article 49(1) of the Adminduk Law are acknowledgments that can only be made by the father/father, in this case there is no mother's acknowledgement; in other words, it is not automatically necessary to prove that the child was not born by the mother concerned. Elucidating Article 50(1) of the Child Legalization Administration Law is the ratification of the status of a child born outside the legal marital bond while registering the marriage of the child's two parents. Article 50(1) of the Administrative Law requires parents to notify the child's ratification to the Implementing Agency no later than 30 (thirty) days after the child's father and mother marry and acquire a marriage certificate. Child Recognition or Child Ratification can be performed for children born outside formal marriage. If the child's acknowledgement is restricted to a disclosure from his biological father, accepted by his birth mother, without being followed by the parents' marriage, yet in the Child Legalization, the child's mother and father are married. When documenting the wedding, the youngster is recognized as their biological kid. And this kid's ratification is a legal endeavor (rechtsmiddel) to offer a position as a legitimate kid through marriage by his parents.

Surrogate decision making in crisis

Care of the critically ill newborn includes support for the birth mother/parents with regular updates around the clinical condition of the baby, and involvement in discussions around complex decision-making issues . Discussions around continuation or discontinuation of life-sustaining are challenging even in the most straightforward of cases, but what happens when the birth mother is critically unwell? Such cases can lead to uncertainty around who should assume the parental role for these difficult discussions . In this round table discussion, we explore the ethical, moral and legal uncertainties raised by coincident severe maternal and neonatal illness in the context of surrogacy.

“I Assumed He Didn’t Exist”: The Birth Father as the Invisible Member of the Adoption Kinship Network

Historically, paternity has been constructed on the basis of uncertainty. Men and fathers have been underrepresented in studies of reproductive processes and parenting. In adoption, the figure of the birth father has been invisibilized and stereotyped. As part of a qualitative study of origins, identity, and adoption, carried out in Chile, the narratives about their birth father of adults, who had been adopted and sought their origins, were analyzed. The results show that (a) most interviewees had not thought to seek their birth father because they assumed he “did not exist”; (b) information about him is mediated by the birth mother, who acts as a gatekeeper; and (c) when the figure is present, it is usually depersonalized as genetic material or personalized negatively. The birth father omission in the adoption process poses challenges for both past and contemporary adoptions, in which birth fathers are ever more visible and heterogeneous.

Recovery from Relinquishment: Forgiving my Birth Mother. My Journey from 1954 to Today

Adoptees carry the burden of shame for being “given up, abandoned, unwanted, not right,” and birth mothers carry the weight of shame for succumbing to external pressure to relinquish their children. There is ample literature addressing recovery for both adoptees and birth mothers (Buterbaugh & Soll, 2003; Franklin, 2019; Lanier, 2020; Soll, 2005, 2013, 2014); however, there is little recognition of the co-shame and need for forgiveness. Utilizing autoethnographic methodology, I discuss the issues of misogyny prevalent in the 1950s, the “Baby Scoop Era [BSE],” and my ongoing process of forgiving my birth mother after five decades of rage. This piece attempts to provide insights into the questions: Did my birth mother voluntarily “give me up” because she didn’t want me? Who was she, and are we alike? Is it possible to stop being so angry? My findings include an understanding of the situation in which my mother struggled and forgiveness of her decision. While we share commonalities, the chasm between the social construction of reality in which she lived and mine is vast; however, we are “others of similarity” (Chang, 2008). My anger has shifted to the patriarchal and misogynistic system that permits the involuntary separation of mother and child.

Analysis Factors Correlated with the Incidence of Retained Placenta to Vaginal Birth Mother at Aura Syifa Hospital of Kediri Regency

Retained placenta is a placenta which is not born more than 30 minutes after the birth. Predisposing factors of retained placenta are placenta previa, former cesarean section, repeated curettage and gemelli. The incidence of retained placenta in Aura Syifa Hospital of Kediri Regency in 2015 was 71 (4.78%) cases from 1483 births and in 2016 increased to 101 (5.22%) cases from 1935 births. The purpose of this research was to know the correlation between age, parity, birth spacing, and history of cesarean section with retained placenta incidence in Aura Syifa Hospital of Kediri Regency. The method of this study used case-control design with 84 (case) and 294 (control) samples. The instrument was medical record maternal in 2012. The analysis of this study used univariate and bivariate analysis with odds ratio test. The conclusions of the study, factors that increased the incidence of retained placenta were age, parity, birth spacing and history of cesarean delivery. In the future, further examination is needed to identifying the other factors that cause retained placenta such as multiple pregnancy, history of curettage, history of retained placenta, placenta previa and gestational age.

Birth Observation Among African American Women Prior to Pregnancy

A focused ethnography among African American college students who had observed a live birth prior to their own pregnancy was pursued. Women described two reasons to attend births: curiosity about birth, or a desire to support the birth mother. Women attended the births of friends, family members, or saw their mother give birth to a younger sibling. Themes included pain, operative or traumatic birth, and surprise at the length and/or stages of labor. Some language suggested lingering trauma. Future expectations included painful labor, operative birth or damage, or traumatic labor and birth. Other women felt closer to the infant, or felt more prepared for their own births after observing birth. Prior personal experiences at birth should be explored prenatally.

What is the current significance of low birthweight pigs on commercial farms in Northern Ireland in terms of impaired growth and mortality?

There is little modern data addressing the differential lifetime growth of commercially reared low and average birthweight pigs born into large litters (>14 piglets). As such, the main aim of this study was to quantify the lifetime growth and mortality rate of low and average birthweight pigs on commercial farms in Northern Ireland. It was also aimed to analyze the level, stage and cause of mortality within each birthweight category. A total of 328 low birthweight (low BW; <1 kg) and 292 average birthweight (Av BW; 1.3 to 1.7 kg) pigs were individually identified across four commercial farms and one research farm. Animal growth and mortality were monitored on an individual basis from birth until slaughter age. Av BW pigs were heavier than low BW pigs throughout the trial (P < 0.001), with a weight advantage of 1.16 kg at weaning increasing to over 9 kg at slaughter age. Av BW pigs recorded a superior average daily gain (ADG) to low BW pigs throughout the trial (P < 0.05), with the greatest difference recorded immediately postweaning between weeks 4 and 8 and weeks 8 and 12 when a 77 and 85 g/d difference was recorded, respectively. AV BW pigs which were cross-fostered were significantly lighter than those remaining with their birth mother at weaning (0.9 kg), week 8 (1.7 kg), and week 12 (3.1 kg) (P < 0.05, respectively). The variance of weight was significantly greater for the AV BW pig population than the low BW pig population at week 4 (P < 0.001) and 8 (P < 0.05). Preweaning mortality of low BW pigs was over three times greater than that of Av BW pigs (21% vs. 6%; P < 0.001), with low BW deaths occurring earlier (9.2 d vs. 15.4 d; P < 0.001) and at a lighter weight (1.2 vs. 2.4 kg; P < 0.001) than Av BW pigs. There was a clear association between birthweight and cause of preweaning death (P < 0.05), with starvation (49%) and overlying (28%) accounting for the majority of low BW mortalities. Birthweight had no effect on rate, age, or weight of postweaning mortalities (P > 0.05). The alimentary tract (27%) and respiratory tract (27%) were the most commonly implicated body systems following postmortem examination of postweaning deaths. In conclusion, this study quantified the inferior weight, growth rate, and mortality of low BW pigs, identifying the lactation and immediate postweaning periods as having the greatest potential in reducing this birthweight associated growth differential.