Orthodontic Inclined Plane Application Using a Visible Light Cure Acrylic Material for Treatment of Linguoverted Mandibular Canine Teeth

Malocclusion is a common problem in dogs. Linguoverted canine teeth (class I malocclusion) can cause palatal defects, oronasal fistulae, dental wear, and periodontal disease. Mandibular distoclusion (class II malocclusion), in which the mandibular arch occludes caudal to its normal position relative to the maxillary arch, can further contribute to lingual displacement of mandibular canine teeth. Traditionally, a flowable self-curing bisacrylic composite material has been used. The method described here uses a light cure acrylic denture base material utilizing multiple customized segments to construct the appliance to the desired shape and size necessary to achieve a functional incline plane.

Predicting Delaminations and Residual Strength of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) After One-Sided Thermal Loading by Means of Infrared Spectroscopy

This study investigates the change of chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) after one-sided thermal loading. Therefore, CFRP samples (HexPly® 8552/IM7) with varying thickness (4 and 8 mm) are irradiated at different heat fluxes (15, 30, and 50 kW/m2). For a depth-resolved view on matrix degradation inside the CFRP, infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) is applied along a ground incline plane. A change of structural properties in the form of developing delaminations is investigated with microfocused computed X-ray tomography (µCT). The loss of residual strength is determined by means of interlaminar shear strength testing (ILSS). The evaluation of the data shows that delaminations occur predominantly dependent on temperature and only beyond a certain level of matrix degradation traceable by IR spectroscopy. It is also shown that delaminations are mainly responsible for the loss of strength. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is performed to predict the presence of delaminations. This information provides a basis for a reliable prediction of the residual strength by IR spectroscopy after one-sided thermal loading.

Euxanthone inhibits traumatic spinal cord injury via anti-oxidative stress and suppression of p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a rat model

Background Owing to neurite promoting, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Euxanthone (Eux), the investigation was aimed to probe the neuroprotective efficacy of Eux against traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI) in rats and whether Eux can improve neuropathic function in t-SCI. Method Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized in – Sham, t-SCI, Eux30, and Eux60 (t-SCI + 30 and 60 mg/kg respectively). Animals with compression force-induced t-SCI were subjected to estimation of locomotor functions. Spinal cord water content and Evans blue (EB) effusion were determined for quantifying edema and intactness of the spinal cord. Oxidative stress and immunochemical markers were quantified by ELISA and western blotting. Results Findings revealed that Eux60 group animals had greater Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and (incline plane test) IPT score indicating improved locomotor functions. There was a reduction in the spinal edema and water content after Eux treatment, together with lowering of oxidative stress markers. The expression of IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, caspase-3, RANKL, TLR4, NF-κB, p-38, PI3K, and Akt in spinal cord tissues of t-SCI-induced rats was lowered after Eux treatment. Conclusion Overall, the investigation advocates that Eux attenuates t-SCI and associated inflammation, oxidative damage, and resulting apoptosis via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB/p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling cascade.

Sex differences in adolescent ethanol drinking to behavioral intoxication

Rodent models have been especially useful for investigating adolescent ethanol exposure. However, there is a paucity of studies examining sex differences in behavioral intoxication from adolescent ethanol drinking. Here, we used an ethanol drinking model to investigate if adolescent rats of both sexes readily drink ethanol to measurable behavioral intoxication, indicated by increased impulsive action and motor incoordination. Beginning on postnatal day (P) 28, male and female Long Evans rats were given 30-min access to a solution of sucrose (20%) or sweetened ethanol (20% sucrose + 15% ethanol) every other day until P60 and once after two weeks of forced abstinence (on P75). On alternate (non-drinking) days, rats were reinforced with a food pellet for making a cued nosepoke response. Beginning on P56, rats were tested in this task after drinking sessions to assess ethanol-induced changes in impulsive action, defined as premature responding prior to cue presentation. Motor coordination was assessed before and after drinking sessions using an incline plane test. Adolescent male and female rats readily consumed ethanol to behavioral intoxication, measured as reduced motor coordination. Following forced abstinence, females displayed greater ethanol-induced impulsive action. These studies provide evidence for sex differences in behavioral intoxication following adolescent ethanol drinking.

A Simple Mechanical Model for Simulating Cross-Country Skiing Propulsive Force

In this paper, a three-dimensional multibody dynamic model of a cross-country skier is developed and presented where a single propulsion phase is modeled to obtain the kinetic parameters involved in the movement. A professional Olympic-level skier performed the skating technique without poles in a ski tunnel under controlled conditions and on an incline plane. Then, with the use of a force acquisition system attached to the ski bindings and a motion capture system set on site, the leg resultant forces and the movement of specific points of the skier’s lower body were acquired. The data obtained from the motion capture system was used as the prescribed kinematic input data in the multibody model and the measured force was used later as a comparison parameter with the results of the simple model. After simulating the technique, the calculated propulsion forces seem to be in agreement with those measured in the field.

Investigation on Surface Degradation of Wind Turbine Blades Surface Using Modified Surface Tracking Test as Part of Lightning Protection Improvement

This research work investigates the surface degradation of modified surface as part of wind turbine blade surface which is made from epoxy resin mixed with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in different percentage as a filler elements. Accelerated test with AC voltage of 4.5 kV 50 Hz with a saline solution using flow rate of contaminant equals to 0.6 ml/min according to IEC 60587 standard [. It was found that ,the solid insulators which has a high percentage of calcium carbonate filler will slowdown the process of surface tracking. On the other hand, if the percentage of filler is more than 40% by weight ,it will lead to a faster tracking . In addition, researchers have tried to develop a type of surface condition by comparing the time to track between flatted and corrugated surfaces test sample. It was found that , the flatted surface can withstand the generated track than corrugated surface. Also, when the incline plane has been increased rather than 45 degrees, the breakdown process occurred slowly.