spinal implant
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Author(s):  
Mahdis Parsafar ◽  
Sayed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad ◽  
Nahid Hassanzadeh Nemati

: Due to the increasing number of diseases related to the spine, we expect to see more research on the implants used in this area. These implants should have features such as strength, fatigue resistance, chemical stability and biocompatibility, which fortunately are seen in an alloy called nitinol. In this study, six lumbar vertebral implants were made of nitinol and these samples been studied by some experiments such as: X-ray diffraction and biocompatibility (evaluation of cytotoxicity by MTT assay). Finally, we came to the conclusion that the mentioned alloy with suitable microstructure is appropriate for medical applications specially as an orthopedic implant. According to the X-ray diffraction pattern, the samples have austenitic structures in the room temperature and the predominant phase of the porous sample is B2-NiTi. Since the sample should be biocompatible after placement in the body and should not cause an immune system reaction, this test was also examined and the samples were tested in vitro with an MTT kit and the biocompatibility was assessed. The results of biocompatibility tests also indicate the suitability of the implant in terms of cellular characteristics. These properties have made this alloy superior to other alloys in orthopedic implant utilization, especially in areas under continuous loading. It is hoped that the construction of this type of implant will pave the way for facilitating the treatment of spinal abnormalities.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Collin Ynchausti ◽  
Nathan Brown ◽  
Spencer P Magleby ◽  
Anton E. Bowden ◽  
Larry L Howell

Abstract Deployable Euler Spiral Connectors (DESCs) are introduced as compliant deployable flexures that can span gaps between segments in a mechanism and then lay flat when under strain in a stowed position. This paper presents models of Euler spiral beams combined in series and parallel that can be used to design compact compliant mechanisms. Constraints on the design of DESCs are also presented. Analytic models were compared to finite element analysis and experimental data. A spinal implant and a linear ratcheting system are presented as illustrative applications of DESCs.


Author(s):  
Steven D. Glassman ◽  
Leah Y. Carreon ◽  
Olumide Aruwajoye ◽  
Nicholas M. Benson ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diksha Kumar

Horizon Scan reports provide brief summaries of information regarding new and emerging health technologies. These technologies are identified through the CADTH Horizon Scanning Service as topics of potential interest to health care decision-makers in Canada. This Horizon Scan summarizes the available information regarding an emerging technology, Barricaid — a spinal implant device for those at risk of recurrent spinal disc herniation.


2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822110241
Author(s):  
Daniel Karczewski ◽  
Klaus J. Schnake ◽  
Georg Osterhoff ◽  
Ulrich Spiegl ◽  
Max J. Scheyerer ◽  
...  

Study Design: Systematic review. Objectives: Postoperative spinal implant infections (PSII) are an increasing challenge in the daily clinical routine. This review summarizes existing knowledge in the field of PSII, including definitions, epidemiology, classifications, risk factors, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: A systematic review was performed using a structured PubMed analysis, based on the PRISMA criteria. The search terminology was set as: “spinal implant associated infection OR spinal implant infection OR spinal instrumentation infection OR peri spinal implant infection.” PubMed search was limited to the categories randomized controlled trials (RCT), clinical trials, meta-analysis and (systematic) reviews, whereas case reports were excluded. Studies from January 2000 to December 2020 were considered eligible. A total of 572 studies were identified, 82 references included for qualitative synthesis, and 19 for detailed sub analysis (12 meta-analysis, 7 prospective RCT). Results: Structural problems in the field of PSII were revealed, including (1) limited level of evidence in clinical studies (missing prospective RCT, metanalyzes), (2) small patient numbers, (3) missing standardized definitions, (4) heterogeneity in patient groups, and (5) redundancy in cited literature. Conclusion: Evidence-based knowledge about spinal implant-associated infections is lacking. All involved medical fields should come together to define the term PSII and to combine their approaches toward research, training, and patient care.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Schömig ◽  
Justus Bürger ◽  
Zhouyang Hu ◽  
Axel Pruß ◽  
Edda Klotz ◽  
...  

Abstract Background With a reported rate of 0.7–20%, postoperative spinal implant infection (PSII) is one of the most common complications after spine surgery. While in arthroplasty both haematoma formation and perioperative blood loss have been identified as risk factors for developing periprosthetic joint infections and preoperative anaemia has been associated with increased complication rates, literature on the aetiology of PSII remains limited. Methods We performed a matched-pair analysis of perioperative haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) levels in aseptic and septic spine revision surgeries. 317 patients were included, 94 of which were classified as septic according to previously defined criteria. Patients were matched according to age, body mass index, diabetes, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and smoking habits. Descriptive summaries for septic and aseptic groups were analysed using Pearson chi-squared for categorical or Student t test for continuous variables. Results Fifty patients were matched and did not differ significantly in their reason for revision, mean length of hospital stay, blood transfusion, operating time, or number of levels operated on. While there was no significant difference in preoperative Hb or Hct levels, the mean difference between pre- and postoperative Hb was higher in the septic group (3.45 ± 1.25 vs. 2.82 ± 1.48 g/dL, p = 0.034). Conclusions We therefore show that the intraoperative Hb-trend is a predictor for the development of PSII independent of the amount of blood transfusions, operation time, number of spinal levels operated on and hospital length of stay, which is why strategies to reduce intraoperative blood loss in spine surgery need to be further studied.


Author(s):  
Olga Gladkova ◽  
Anzhelika Parkhomenko ◽  
Nadiia Myronenko ◽  
Andriy Parkhomenko ◽  
Yaroslav Zalyubovskiy ◽  
...  
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