Features of Correctional Work with Primary School Children with Disabilities

The problem of the specifics of correctional work with primary school children with disabilities is relevant due to the need for the search for new effective forms of assistance in the development and compensation of disability of this heterogeneous group of children. The knowledge of the features of correctional work with this group of children of primary school age will allow us to increase the effectiveness of correctional work. The purpose of this empirical study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the correctional program aimed at developing the attention of children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability). The methods of educational experiment, the “Correction task” technique, “Schulte Table” and statistical method were used. The author of the article created the program “Educational Development” for children with disabilities (intellectual disability). The aim of the program was to correct attention of children with intellectual disability. The objectives of the program were to improve span of attention and concentration of this group of children. The results of the theoretical and empirical study of the initial and secondary level of attention properties in primary school children with disabilities are presented. The process of attention of primary school children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) has specific disorders, such as insufficiency of concentration, stability and capacity, accompanied by mental instability. As a result of the correctional work, statistically significant differences in the properties of attention concentration and stability and performance efficiency were revealed. Thus, the effectiveness of regular and systematic correction of the attention process of children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) is justified by comparing the results of the initial and final diagnosis and identifying significant positive changes. The process of attention of primary school children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) has specific disorders, such as insufficiency of concentration, stability and span of attention, accompanied by mental instability. The prospect of the research is to identify changes in cognitive operations as a result of the correction of attention ability of this group of children.

Contemporary approaches to working with a family educating a child with speech disturbance

The following article presents speech-therapy guidance for the families, who have kids with speech disorders, and outlines directions and means of solving the problem. The authors view speech-therapy guidance as interaction of all the participants in the correction process. Its implementation goes as a simultaneous, coherent system of work, which begins with interaction between the child, the therapist and experts in other specialties (psychologist, doctors, and rehabilitation specialists). Afterwards the work is meant to continue by parents supervised by the speech therapist. The article touches upon both group and individual work done in cooperation with parents. Group work – parents’ meetings, guidance, round tables, exhibitions, seminars, frontal-work lessons, workshops, games and exercises’ libraries, visual libraries, open days and conferences. Individual work – individual discourses, practicing, watching individual lessons, recommendation notices, homework notebooks, conducting surveys and home libraries. The authors claim that the system of a speech-therapy guidance can be introduced as two general aspects in work: 1) Speech-therapy aspect involves acquiring knowledge about phases and peculiarities of the child’s speech development, enhancing speaking communication among children, forming awareness of pre-school children speech disorders, motivation for cooperation with speech therapists, teachers and children, acquiring skills to follow the therapist’s advice and use all the correction exercises. The points mentioned above help to do the speech therapist supervised correction work, to adhere to the same requirements and the sequence of speech influence and conduct systematic correction work in accordance to the speech therapist’s advice. 2) Psychological aspect involves forming the knowledge about age-based psychological peculiarities of children’s development, fostering motivation skills for speaking communication, developing the skill of providing appropriate conditions for effective speech development, promoting ways of successful communication of children and parents. Nowadays there are different ways and forms of speech-therapy guidance for parents. The ones that proved to be the most informative and interactive are contemporary information technologies.

Conclusions

This concluding chapter addresses the problem of the kind of awareness housewives have, or might be encouraged to have, of their situation as women. When the housewives in the present research sample were asked for their opinions on the women's liberation movement, the attitude revealed was a predominantly negative one. This is perhaps not surprising, since the interviews were carried out in early 1971 when public opinion was much less alert to the women's liberation issue than it is today. The chapter then argues that the systematic correction of sexism in society is an operation which has to proceed on many different levels simultaneously. Theoretical analysis constitutes one level; another level consists of the practical measures which must be taken towards institutional equality; yet a third is concerned with the erosion of biases against women in social attitudes.

Problems and forecast of the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex: the factorial approach

Existing forecasts of Russian energy sector development have a number of general provisions and differ in approaches to their construction. The most realistic forecast is made within the framework of the Energy Strategy of Russia for the period up to 2035. However, the dynamism and high uncertainty of economic processes, international relations, domestic policy and the rapid growth of scientific and technical progress need a systematic correction of any forecast. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for making a forecast for the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex based on the application of the factor approach. The forecasting results are used in the development of management decisions, therefore, the authors of the article take into account the influence of various factors while making the forecast, but they (factors) are all quantitatively commensurable. To make a reliable forecast, the internal environment of the research object is studied in detail, organizational and economic problems in the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex are revealed, and methods for their elimination are suggested. The external environment is also analyzed and trends in the development of world energy markets are revealed. To forecast the state of the fuel and energy complex, an integral indicator is chosen reflecting the level of its technical and economic development.

SIMULATION OF DIRECT GEOREFERENCING FOR GEOMETRIC SYSTEMATIC CORRECTION ON LSA PUSHBROOM IMAGER

LAPAN has developed remote sensing data collection by using a pushbroom linescan imager camera sensor mounted on LSA (Lapan Surveillance Aircraft). The position accuracy and orientation system for LSA applications are required for Direct Georeferencing and depend on the accuracy of off-the-shelf integrated GPS/inertial system, which used on the camera sensor. This research aims to give the accuracy requirement of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor and GPS to improve the accuracy of the measurement results using direct georeferencing technique. Simulations were performed to produce geodetic coordinates of longitude, latitude and altitude for each image pixel in the imager pushbroom one array detector, which has been geometrically corrected. The simulation results achieved measurement accuracies for mapping applications with Ground Sample Distance (GSD) or spatial resolution of 0,6 m of the IMU parameter (pitch, roll and yaw) errors about 0.1; 0.1; and 0.1 degree respectively, and the error of GPS parameters (longitude and latitude) about 0.00002 and 0.2 degree. The results are expected to be a reference for a systematic geometric correction to image data pushbroom linescan imager that would be obtained by using LSA spacecraft.

Improving HelioClim-3 estimates of surface solar irradiance using the McClear clear-sky model and recent advances in atmosphere composition

The HelioClim-3 database (HC3v3) provides records of surface solar irradiation every 15 min, estimated by processing images from the geostationary meteorological Meteosat satellites using climatological data sets of the atmospheric Linke turbidity factor. This technical note proposes a method to improve a posteriori HC3v3 by combining it with data records of the irradiation under clear skies from the new McClear clear-sky model, whose inputs are the advanced global aerosol property forecasts and physically consistent total column content in water vapour and ozone produced by the MACC (Monitoring Atmosphere Composition and Climate) projects. The method is validated by comparison with a series of ground measurements for 15 min and 1 h for 6 stations and for daily irradiation for 23 stations. The correlation coefficient is large, greater than respectively 0.92, 0.94, and 0.97, for 15 min, 1 h and daily irradiation. The bias ranges from −4 to 4% of the mean observed irradiation for most sites. The relative root mean square difference (RMSD) varies between 14 and 38% for 15 min, 12 and 33% for 1 h irradiation, and 6 and 20% for daily irradiation. As a rule of thumb, the farther from the nadir of the Meteosat satellite located at latitude 0° and longitude 0°, and the greater the occurrence of fragmented cloud cover, the greater the relative RMSD. The method improves HC3v3 in most cases, and with no degradation in the others. A systematic correction of HC3v3 with McClear is recommended.

Improving HelioClim-3 estimates of surface solar using the McClear clear-sky model and recent advances on atmosphere composition

The HelioClim-3 database (HC3v3) provides records of surface solar irradiation every 15 min estimated by processing images from the geostationary meteorological Meteosat satellites using climatological data sets of atmospheric Linke turbidity factor. This technical note proposes a method to improve a posteriori HC3v3 by combining it with data records of the irradiation under clear sky from the new clear-sky model McClear whose inputs are the advanced global aerosol properties forecasts and physically consistent total column content in water vapour and ozone produced by the MACC projects. The method is validated by comparison with a series of ground measurements for 15 min and 1 h for 6 stations and for daily irradiation for 23 stations. The correlation coefficient is large, greater than respectively 0.92, 0.94, and 0.97, for 15 min, 1 h and daily irradiation. The bias ranges between −4 and 4% of the mean observed irradiation for most sites. The relative root mean square difference (RMSD) varies between 14 and 38% for 15 min, 12 and 33% for 1 h irradiation, and 6 and 20% for daily irradiation. As a rule of thumb, the farther from the nadir of the Meteosat satellite located at latitude 0° and longitude 0°, and the greater the occurrence of fragmented cloud cover, the greater the relative RMSD. The method improves HC3v3 in most cases and no degradation in the others. A systematic correction of HC3v3 with McClear is recommended.

Improvement of Medium-Range Forecasts Using the Analog-Dynamical Method

This study further develops the analog-dynamical method and applies it to medium-range weather forecasts. By regarding the forecast field as a small disturbance superimposed on historical analog fields, historical analog errors can be used to estimate and correct forecast errors. This method is applied to 10-day forecasts from the Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES). Both the distribution of atmospheric circulation and the pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) are considered in choosing the analog samples from a historical dataset for 2001–10 based on NCEP Final (FNL) data. The results demonstrate that the analog-dynamical method greatly reduces forecast errors and extends the period of validity of the global 500-hPa height field by 0.8 days, which is superior to results obtained using systematic correction. The correction effect at 500 hPa is increasingly significant when the lead time increases. Although the analogs are selected using 500-hPa height fields, the forecast skill at all vertical levels is improved. The average increase of the anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) is 0.07, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is decreased by 10 gpm on average at a lead time of 10 days. The magnitude of errors for most forecast fields, such as height, temperature, and kinetic energy is decreased considerably by inverse correction. The model improvement is primarily a result of improvement for planetary-scale waves, while the correction for synoptic-scale waves does not affect model forecast skill. As this method is easy to operate and transport to other sophisticated models, it could be appropriate for operational use.

Design and Implementation of an Online Auxiliary System for Correcting Japanese Composition

In language learning, error correction information given by teachers for student compositions is of great value in both teaching and learning. However, in traditional paper-based error correction mode, error correction information is easily lost and cannot be fed back to students systematically. The aim of this research is to provide maximum feedback related to systematic correction for students and teachers so that there can be targeted learning and teaching. This paper describes a web-based auxiliary error correcting system for Japanese writing that compares compositions before and after error correction and provides statistics related to error type, error frequency, and error variation. The system was evaluated in the Dalian University of Technology and the experiment proved that teachers and students benefit from this system.