Bridge over troubled water: managing compatibility and conflict among thought collectives in sustainability science

Sustainability transformations call forth new forms and systems of knowledge across society. However, few tools and processes exist for promoting dialogue among different interests and normative stances in knowledge co-creation. In this article, we build on the notion of thought collectives to argue that understanding and moderating normative tensions are necessary if sustainability science is to provide successful solutions. Drawing on an analysis of the normative tensions between rival high-tech and low-tech thought collectives in the mobility and food production sectors, we discuss three strategic approaches: applying common evaluative frameworks, building contextual convergence and embracing complexity. We argue that these strategies indicate a need to distinguish different kinds of reflexivity in managing tensions among thought collectives. As a practical conclusion, we establish sets of reflexive questions to help sustainability scientists deploy the knowledge management strategies discussed.

Theoretical Study of the Effect of Water Clusters on the Enol Content of Acetone as a Model for Understanding the Effect of Water on Enolization Reaction

The enolization of simple carbonyl compounds is a key reaction for many chemical and biochemical processes. Numerous theoretical and experimental studies have been done to probe aspects of the mechanism of this reaction. In this work, the effect of small water clusters, (H2O)n: n=1-9, on the enol content of acetone is investigated by using density functional theory calculations at the M06 level of theory in the gas and solution phases. The calculations indicated that the formation of hydrogen-bonded assemblies between water clusters and both tautomers of acetone affect the enolization reaction. Among them, the trimeric water cluster has the highest binding energy difference (DEb) in the solution phase and greatly shift the equilibrium in the favor of the enol form. The results also shown that under this condition, the enol content of acetone increased by decreasing the polarity of the solvent. The practical conclusion of this study is that the enol content of carbonyl compounds can be maximized only by addition a defined amount of water.

Conclusion

Chapter 9 summarizes the arguments in each chapter, discusses my conceptual framework and methodology, and brings together all of the issues discussed in the book to a focussed and practical conclusion. It justifies why I argue that contrary to the arguments of abolitionists, mental health law should not be abolished, but be reformed by decreasing coercion and increasing social support to persons with mental impairments to maximize their dignity (including autonomy), equality, and participation in accordance with the overall object and purpose of the CRPD.

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON SMART APPLICATION CREATOR (SAC) TO IMPROVE CONTEXTUAL THINKING ABILITY OF VIII JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ON VIBRATION AND WAVE MATERIALS

The ability to think contextually has an important role in everyday life, with the ability to think contextually high will support the useful value of science in real life. However, in reality, many students are classified as lacking in contextual thinking skills. Because of this, the researchers compiled electronic teaching materials based on Smart Application Creator (SAC) which presented interesting and contextual teaching materials on Vibrations and Waves with the hope of improving students' contextual thinking skills. The method used by researchers is R&D through 4 stages, namely define, design, develop and disseminate. Data collection through questionnaires and tests, then carried out descriptive quantitative analysis. The final results of the study are: 1) the teaching materials prepared by the researcher are suitable for use both in terms of material (97.395%) and from the aspect of media assessment (100%). 2) The teaching materials that are arranged have a practicality level of 100% with a very practical conclusion to use. 3) Teaching materials prepared by researchers are effective in improving students' contextual thinking skills. Because there is an average difference between the pretest and posttest learning outcomes, the average posttest score is higher. 4) The teaching materials prepared by the researchers were very interesting (88.83%). So that overall it can be concluded that smart application creator (SAC) based electronic teaching materials are feasible to use.

The Evaluation Model Efficiency of Ladle Graphitizing Inoculation of Cast Iron

The model for evaluation of quality of ladle graphitizing inoculation of cast iron, according to the most common technological schemes, using the triple integral, is proposed and implemented. The necessary boundary conditions and parameters of the integral model are presented, described and justified. A concrete example confirms the practical conclusion that graphitizing inoculation of cast iron, melt into a stream in the process of filling a mold, is preferable.

AUE* Movement as a Criminal Phenomenon that Determines the Development of Professional Crime: the Essence and Methods of Struggle* The organization is banned in the Russian Federation

The article highlights the development and activities of such informal youth movement as «the criminal unity of Prisoners»,«the urkagan unity of Prisoners» or «the way of life of Prisoners is one» (hereinafter-AUE), which supports, promotes and develops the ideology of criminal «romance», criminal subculture. The main reasons for the formation of the informal youth movement in Russia and the version of the concept of AUE are considered. The main features of AUE associations are investigated: stability; stability of the composition (2 or more persons); common intent of members of associations aimed at preparing and committing crimes of extremist orientation (on the ideological component); coordination of actions of members of the Association; main-taining and promoting a criminal subculture; the presence of an organizer (leader) in the Association, connections with the criminal world, etc. The article studies the influence of this criminal phenomenon on the behavior of modern youth, as well as on the development of crime in modern Russia, including one of its most dangerous varieties - professional criminal activity. The main problems of bringing persons belonging to the AUE movement to administrative and criminal responsibility are considered. The article analyzes the activities of members of AUE associations in terms of extremism, as well as the possibility of bringing persons belonging to AUE associations to criminal responsibility under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation. As a practical conclusion, a list of signs of AUE associations that a law enforcement officer can refer to when qualifying crimes under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation is presented.

Destabilization in Belarus: Role of the Baltic States

In Belarus, since August 2020, there has been an open confrontation between the Belarusian authorities and the local opposition, which organizes protest actions and seeks to attract the attention of the international community. A number of countries support the opposition and, allegedly advocating its rights interfere in the internal affairs of Belarus. The Baltic states are the most publicly active. The article examines the content of the Baltic intervention in the Belarusian political processes. The method of separate analysis of the motives, grounds and prospects for the participation of the Baltic states in the Belarusian destabilization is used. The results of the study show that the Baltic states do not have effective tools to influence the situation in Belarus, but actively generate support for the opposition, performing a supporting function for the beneficiary countries. The practical conclusion is that Belarus should change the algorithm of bilateral relations with the Baltic states.

Allelopathic effect of invasive Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) on early growth of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

Solidago canadensis belongs to highly invasive species in Europe, it is established in ruderal, semi-natural and natural communities. To test the traits related to invasiveness, the experiment with the potential of allelopathic compounds produced by the species was conducted. The aqueous extract from the goldenrod leaves was used to examine the germination and early stages of development of Trifolium pratense, the species as an example of fodder plant common in meadows and pastures. Three types of aqueous extract were used: decoction, infusion, and macerate. All extracts of Canadian goldenrod had a negative influence on the germination process of red clover, however, the effect changed in time and type of extract. The most inhibiting influence was documented for the macerate type of aqueous extract. Similarly, the negative influence of macerate was the highest for the length and weight of the seedlings, the content of chlorophyll a and b, and electrolyte leakage. As the procedure of obtaining the macerate is the most like the process of natural extraction of allelopathic substances in nature, there is the practical conclusion to remove the moved biomass of the goldenrod during the restoration process of areas colonised by the species.

Typomorphic features of diamonds from ancient sedimentary thick layers of platforms’ central parts

Basing on generalization of large actual material on complex investigation of diamond its characteristic in Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary thick layers of the Siberian platform is provided. Special attention is paid to the Central-Siberian sub-province, where it is convincingly shown that the area of development of individual diamond macro-associations is limited by a specific diamondiferous region, within which complexes of different in age terrigenous and coastal Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments are developed. Identified in some diamondiferous regions proximity of typomorphic features of diamonds in sedimentary thick layers of these ages testifies about formation of these collectors due to washout of more ancient productive layers or Middle Paleozoic primary sources. Polygeny of mineralogical associations of diamonds from different in age placers within some diamondiferous regions was noted, which may be successfully used when forecasting and prospecting primary sources of the mineral. Diamond and its tipomorphic features are one of the main criteria for forecasting and searching for root sources Materials on heterogeneity of the Viljujsko-Marhinska zone of deep faults with respect to productive kimberlite magmatism, which is associated with areals of the hard consolidated basement of the Archean age (Botuobinskij and Tjungskij cratons) obtained in the framework of medium scale forecast and search studies of typomophic features of diamonds have an important practical conclusion. The results of a study of the typomorphic features of diamonds from the most well-studied kimberlite bodies indicatle heterogeneities in the structure of the upper mantle even within the Central Siberian diamondiferous subprovince, especially with respect to the distributionof focirly rare coloured crystals (II, III and IV varieties) presumably of ecbgite genesis, associated with deep diamandiferous xenoliths of various composition. These varieties of diamonds are rare and accessory in kimberlite bodies, however their findings in rashes even in a single amount, can serve as a basis for localizing the territory of the search for indigenous sources. The analysis of typomorphic features of diamonds indicates the high prospectivity of placer oceurrences of the Central Siberian diamondiferous pronnce for the discovety of new highly productive kimberlite pipes.

THE MECHANISMS OF REINFORCEMENT OF NANOCOMPOSITES POLYURETHANE/CARBON NANOTUBE

The aim of present work is theoretical analysis of high values of reinforcement degree of nanocomposites polyurethane/carbon nanotube. For this two micromechanical models were used, showing identical results. The indicated models demonstrated, that densely-packed high-modulus interfacial regions, which serve the same reinforcing element of nanocomposite structure, as and nanofiller (carbon nanotubes) actually. The formation of interfacial regions defines by strong interactions polymer matrix – nanofiller. This means that nanofiller efficiency is controlled by its ability to generate densely-packed interfacial regions. It is important also to point out, that any micromechanical model, including mixtures rule, describes correctly modulus of elasticity of polymer nanocomposites, if in it real, but not nominal, characteristics of nanofiller were used. The content of interfacial regions in nanocomposite is controlled by structure of nanofiller. This allows to obtain important practical conclusion – for realization maximum degree of reinforcement it is necessary to cause structure of nanofiller, allowing to generate greatest content of interfacial regions. Absence of interfacial regions results to reduction of modulus of elasticity of nanocomposite in comparison with matrix polymer.