Anomalous change of carrier transport property of ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin films in the first poling treatment

Carrier transport properties of ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) thin films have been investigated on metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitor in the first current flow of ferroelectric poling treatment. In current–voltage (I–V) measurement of MFM capacitor, a kink or discontinuity point of derivative in I–V characteristic appears, and after the cyclic voltage sweep this kink disappears. This phenomenon is different from the ferroelectric instabilities after several thousand or million voltage cycle applies reported as the wake-up and fatigue. From the analysis using Poole-Frenkel plot of I–V characteristics, it is suggested that irreversible trap generation by electric field apply occurs in poling treatment.

A spectral decomposition of the attractor of piecewise-contracting maps of the interval

We study the asymptotic dynamics of piecewise-contracting maps defined on a compact interval. For maps that are not necessarily injective, but have a finite number of local extrema and discontinuity points, we prove the existence of a decomposition of the support of the asymptotic dynamics into a finite number of minimal components. Each component is either a periodic orbit or a minimal Cantor set and such that the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ -limit set of (almost) every point in the interval is exactly one of these components. Moreover, we show that each component is the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ -limit set, or the closure of the orbit, of a one-sided limit of the map at a discontinuity point or at a local extremum.

Fields of a Finite Strain Tensor in the Neighborhood of Discontinuity of the Velocity Field of Displacements under Axisymmetric Strain

The problem of the distribution fields of a finite strain tensor in the neighborhood of points of discontinuities of speeds of movements under axisymmetric strain conditions is considered. The Almansi finite strain tensor is a measure of deformation, the motion of points of discontinuities is assumed to be given from the solution of the problems strain bodies taking into account change geometry of the free surface. The relations defining fields of a tensor the finite strains are obtained by integrating the system of equations, binding components of The Almansi finite strain tensor and strain rate tensor along the trajectory of the movement of the material particles. At the same time features of the displacement velocity field are considered in the form of cross points of characteristics of indicial equations which define displacement velocity field (center of the fan of characteristics for a deformation case in axisymmetric deformation of ideal rigid-plastic bodies conditions). The limiting trajectories of the motion of particles contracting to the discontinuity point are considered.

Assessing the Analytical Solution of One-Dimensional Gravity Wave Model Equations Using Dam-Break Experimental Measurements

The one-dimensional gravity wave model (GWM) is the result of ignoring the convection term in the Saint-Venant Equations (SVEs), and has the characteristics of fast numerical calculation and low stability requirements. To study its performances and limitations in 1D dam-break flood, this paper verifies the model using a dam-break experiment. The experiment was carried out in a large-scale flume with depth ratios (initial downstream water depth divided by upstream water depth) divided into 0 and 0.1~0.4. The data were collected by image processing technology, and the hydraulic parameters, such as water depth, flow discharge, and wave velocity, were selected for comparison. The experimental results show that the 1D GWM performs an area with constant hydraulic parameters, which is quite different from the experimental results in the dry downstream case. For a depth ratio of 0.1, the second weak discontinuity point, which is connected to the steady zone in the 1D GWM, moves upstream, which is contrary to the experimental situation. For depth ratios of 0.2~0.4, the moving velocity of the second weak discontinuity point is faster than the experimental value, while the velocity of the shock wave is slower. However, as the water depth ratio increases, the hydraulic parameters calculated by 1D GWM in the steady zone gradually approach the experimental value.

The propagation phenomenon of solutions of a parabolic problem on the sphere

In this paper, we study propagation phenomena on the sphere using the bistable reaction–diffusion formulation. This study is motivated by the propagation of waves of calcium concentrations observed on the surface of oocytes, and the propagation of waves of kinase concentrations on the B-cell membrane in the immune system. To this end, we first study the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for a parabolic initial-boundary value problem on the sphere with discontinuous bistable nonlinearities. Due to the discontinuous nature of reaction kinetics, the standard theories cannot be applied to the underlying equation to obtain the existence of solutions. To overcome this difficulty, we give uniform estimates on the Legendre coefficients of the composition function of the reaction kinetics function and the solution, and a priori estimates on the solution, and then, through the iteration scheme, we can deduce the existence and related properties of solutions. In particular, we prove that the constructed solutions are of [Formula: see text] class everywhere away from the discontinuity point of the reaction term. Next, we apply this existence result to study the propagation phenomenon on the sphere. Specifically, we use stationary solutions and their variants to construct a pair of time-dependent super/sub-solutions with different moving speeds. When applied to the case of sufficiently small diffusivity, this allows us to infer that if the initial concentration of the species is above the inhomogeneous steady state, then the species will exhibit the propagating behavior.

A Characterization of the discontinuity point set of strongly separately continuous functions on products

We study properties of strongly separately continuous mappings defined on subsets of products of topological spaces equipped with the topology of pointwise convergence. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a strongly separately continuous mapping to be continuous on a product of an arbitrary family of topological spaces. Moreover, we characterize the discontinuity point set of strongly separately continuous function defined on a subset of countable product of finite-dimensional normed spaces.

Modeling and Simulation of Indoor Millimeter Wave Propagation Characteristics

As the complexity of the indoor propagation environment so that the accuracy of analyzing the millimeter wave propagation characteristics are affected. In this paper, ray tracing method is used to analyze the situation of ample area and finite-difference time domain is used to analyze the complex area contains a discontinuity point. The methods are combined to research the indoor millimeter wave. Working frequency was given at 30GHz, source respectively in both indoor and outdoor situation, indoor millimeter propagation characteristics and method of modeling. Simulation results from MATLAB were compared with reference and show that the hybrid method is helpful and accurate for modeling the indoor millimeter.

On approximation by Function having a strong Entropy Point

The paper deals with approximation of functions from the unit interval into itself by means of functions having strong entropy point. For this purpose we define a family of functions having the fixed point property: ConnC (which is a subfamily of the class Conn introduced in [Korczak-Kubiak. E.. Paw- lak. R.J.: Trajectories, first return limiting notions and rings of H-connected and iteratively H-connected functions. Czechoslovak Math. J. 63 (2013). 679-700]). The main result of the paper Is a theorem saying that for any function ƒ ∈ ConnC and any point x0 ∈ Fix(ƒ) there exists a ring R ⊂ ConnC containing function ƒ and in the intersection of any “graph neighbourhood of ƒ” and “neighbourhood of ƒ in topology of uniform convergence”, one can find functions ξ,Ψ ∈ R having a strong entropy point y0 located close to the point x0 and being a discontinuity point of the function ξ and a continuity point of the function Ψ.