Evaluation of Cytogenetic Alterations of Toxic Gas Exposed Population of Bhopal Having Chronic Kidney Disease

The industrial disaster of Bhopal in 1984 resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality in the vicinity of the industry and required long-term surveillance for chronic health effects in those affected by the leakage of gas. Although few cytogenetic studies were undertaken to assess genetic damage in survivors of the disaster, no studies are available on cytogenetic damage of toxic gas-exposed populations having chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate cytogenetic alterations in chronic kidney disease patients who were exposed to leaked gas and to compare it with those who were not exposed to the leaked gas. The cytogenetic alterations were evaluated through chromosomal aberration analysis and micronuclei assay. The study included 608 study participants divided into four groups based on the history of exposure to the leaked gas and the presence or absence of CKD. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in cytogenetic damage between gas-exposed and non-exposed patients of CKD. However, significantly higher cytogenetic damage was observed among gas-exposed participants having CKD as compared to gas-exposed participants free from CKD. Thus, to conclude though the cytogenetic alterations were observed in an exposed group it cannot be solely attributed to the gas exposure and the role of other confounders must also be studied.

Evaluation of cytogenetic alterations of toxic gas exposed population of Bhopal having chronic kidney disease

The industrial disaster of Bhopal in 1984 resulted into widespread morbidity and mortality in the vicinity of the industry and required long term surveillance for chronic health effects in those affected by the leakage of gas. Although few cytogenetic studies were undertaken to assess genetic damage in survivors of the disaster, no studies are available on cytogenetic damage of toxic gas exposed population having chronic kidney disease (CKD).Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate cytogenetic alterations in chronic kidney disease patients who wereexposed to leaked gas and to compare it with those who were not exposed to the leaked gas. The cytogenetic alterations were evaluated through chromosomal aberration analysis and micronuclei assay. The study included 608 study participants divided into four groups on the basis of history of exposure to the leaked gas and presence or absence of CKD. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in cytogenetic damagebetween gas exposed and non-exposed patients of CKD. However, significantly higher cytogenetic damage was observed among gas exposed participants having CKD as compared to gas exposed participants free from CKD.Thus, to conclude though the cytogenetic alterations were observed in exposed group it cannot be solely attributed to the gas exposure and the role of other confounders must also be studied.

Predictors for depressive symptoms by four types of disability

This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between disability and depressive symptoms, by comparing four types of disability in community-dwelling individuals with disabilities in South Korea. A total of 3347 South Koreans with disabilities from the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled was utilized. Depressive symptomatology was assessed by whether the participant had experienced depressive symptoms for more than two weeks during the past year. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for depressive symptoms, and a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for two-year survival analysis. Persons who acquired mental disability from accident or industrial disaster and persons with congenital physical-internal disability were at higher risk for depressive symptoms. Maintaining employment was found to be an effective way to decrease the risk of depressive symptoms in persons with physical-external disability, sensory/speech disability, or mental disability. In contrast, in physical-internal disability, retaining normal ability to work seemed to be the key to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms. Predictors of depressive symptoms were found to differ depending on the type of disability. Such differences should be reflected in clinical and policy-level interventions to address the specific psychiatric needs of persons with different disabilities.

Cerebral Chronological Corollary Perusal for Blitzing Fire Paroxysm and Pipeline Attrition in Nigeria

Attrition and paroxysm of highly inflammable petroleum products in storage tanks, pipelines and/or haulage trucks is increasingly becoming a scourging socio-environmental quandary with a detrimental effect on the Nigerian economy. Non availability of a holistic response time analytic master plan is a major enigma while industrial disaster managers perhaps are the major culprits since they are mostly not time cognizant for spry and pragmatic delivery of service. The aim of this exposition is to ruminatively carry out cerebral chronological corollary perusal for blitzing fire paroxysms and pipeline attrition in Nigeria on Microsoft excel spread sheet. Comprehensive data validation was done for all models by substituting all solutions of matrix into the predicted time response model. Results of predicted time response model in minutes for case A gave; 101x1 + 79x2 + 59x3 + 45x4 + 24x5 = 358. The predicted time response model for case B gave 78x1 + 56x2 + 43x3 + 30x4 + 13x5 = 260. The predicted time response model for case C gave; 74x1 + 56x2 + 42x3 + 29x4 + 10x5 = 252. Results of these models shows that the average cumulative response time dropped from 3.58 minutes to 2.52 minutes from case A to case C while the coefficients all reduced in their values from model A to C. Improving the source of data gathering and computational processes is recommended for enhancement of this study.

Everyday Suffering and the Abstract Time-Reckoning of Law

How does time structure the allocation of responsibility in the context of large-scale corporate crimes? Focusing on the Processo Eternit – a criminal case brought against the former main investor in Europe’s largest asbestos-processing factory in Casale Monferrato (Italy) – this article compares the temporal order of the lived experience of the asbestos disaster in the affected community with the abstract time-reckoning of law. The everyday suffering in the form of the long-term health effects, inscribed in the body through the asbestos fibre, collides with the statute of limitation of the alleged crimes, as stipulated in law and endorsed in the court room. It examines how these incommensurable temporalities reconfigure the allocation of moral and legal responsibility for an industrial disaster and shows how these contradictions are related to the victims’ expectations of justice and their experience of injustice.

Making emergency responders visible: working-class responses to industrial disaster in 19th-century journalism and poetry

Hidden beneath the ground in coalmines, or behind the walls of factories, injured bodies of workers have too often been overlooked. Using the 1842 Hartley Colliery disaster as a case study, this paper contrasts journalistic neglect with the ways in which working-class poets illuminated responses to large-scale injury. Often the greatest difficulty in industrial disaster was in securing access to trapped victims. Arriving late on the scene, neither journalists nor doctors were able to influence the outcome of events: in most cases emergency treatment was provided by workers themselves. While journalists struggled to portray these men’s stories, working-class poets such as Joseph Skipsey brought attention to their collaborative actions even in the face of injury or death. The actions of these colliers as first responders had a lasting significance, foreshadowing working-class involvement in the wider cultural shift towards collective responsibility for healthcare.

The Intercontinental Terminals Chemical Fire Study: A Rapid Response to an Industrial Disaster to Address Resident Concerns in Deer Park, Texas

On Sunday, 17 March 2019, a fire erupted at the Intercontinental Terminals Company (ITC, Deer Park, La Porte, TX, USA), resulting in a large fire that blazed for several days. In response, we rapidly launched disaster response activities to monitor air pollutants (total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ultra-fine particles (UFPs) during the fire in two affected communities. To assess immediate health effects and residential air quality, we also rapidly launched a pilot study, the Deer Park Chemical Fire (DeeP Fire) Study, in which we administered health surveys and installed samplers to monitor air quality outdoors of resident homes for up to six weeks. In both communities, mean ambient concentrations of PM2.5, BC and TVOCs were higher during the first week of the fire than a week after it was extinguished. Thirteen residents participated in the DeeP Fire Study. Most residents reported experiencing respiratory symptoms and some reported being bothered by at least one post-traumatic stress disorder symptom during the fire and two weeks afterwards. In the months following the fire, the 7-day mean ambient concentration of benzene from 12 homes was 0.13 ± 0.10 parts per billion (ppb) and the 6-week mean ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and TVOCs were 13 ± 6 µg/m3 and 108 ± 98 ppb, respectively. All residents requested and received individualized air monitoring reports. Surveillance systems that enable real-time monitoring of the environmental health impact during a major industrial incident are needed to provide timely information to adequately respond to a disaster in the future.