“Disciplining” Educational Research in the Twentieth Century

Educational research expanded rapidly in the twentieth century. This expansion drove the interested “amateurs” out of the field; the scientific community of peers became the dominant point of orientation. Authorship and authority became more widely distributed; peer review was institutionalized to monitor the flow of ideas within the scientific literature; reference lists in journals demonstrated the adoption of cumulative ideals about science. The historical analysis of education journals presented in this chapter looks at the social changes which contributed to the ascent of an “imagined” community of expert peers in the course of the twentieth century. This analysis also helps us in imagining ways in which improvements to the present academic evaluative culture can be made.

Towards a living agriculture: extension of the notion of agriculture among rural extension agents based on a comprehensive approach to indigenous knowledge in Caldas, Colombia

Agriculture as a business remains the dominant notion among agronomists that work as rural extension agents. Following this vision, their main contribution is to transfer the technical–scientific knowledge for manipulating natural environments to maximize the yield of the communities of cultivated plants. However, it is considered that contrasting one's ideas with those of others -in this case native communities- allows us to recognize, reflexively, the preconceptions themselves. In this framework, the objective of the investigation was to determine how the dominant point of view among agronomists educated within the technical–scientific paradigm changes upon comprehensive interaction with the traditional knowledge. Results derive from analyzing the interviews of rural extension agents who offer their services to native communities in Caldas, Colombia. From the analyses, it can be concluded that, nowadays, agronomists more easily understand that in the local context, agriculture, rather than a business, is a life-producing activity; that elements of nature are subjects that interact and coexist around the reproduction of life rather than objects to manipulate and appropriate; that, in practice, the scientific knowledge adopted is blended with traditional and mystic knowledge, thereby creating a multicultural conservationist practice.

Science for Russia: Innovative Tuning of the Econom

The discussion revealed the main positions of researchers on the lines of “state – market” and “national – global”. The dominant point of view is the recognition of the irreplaceability of the market and, above all, the demand for science and innovation on the part of the hightech industry, as well as the recognition of the special role of the state in the development of the institutional environment and the fear of bureaucratization. For all the tempting idea of connecting the country to the global innovation mechanism, the formation of an effective national innovation system (ecosystem) is recognized as more realistic under current conditions. In this regard, the development of human capital and the institutional environment, as well as the digital transformation of the main spheres of the life of society, including the scientific, technological and innovation spheres, are of particular importance. Deep integration of science into the national innovation system is required, which implies the participation of science in the innovation process at all its stages and the connection of science with all types of innovations from technological to organizational.

Airborne SAR Autofocus Based on Blurry Imagery Classification

Existing airborne SAR autofocus methods can be classified as parametric and non-parametric. Generally, non-parametric methods, such as the widely used phase gradient autofocus (PGA) algorithm, are only suitable for scenes with many dominant point targets, while the parametric ones are suitable for all types of scenes, in theory, but their efficiency is generally low. In practice, whether many dominant point targets are present in the scene is usually unknown, so determining what kind of algorithm should be selected is not straightforward. To solve this issue, this article proposes an airborne SAR autofocus approach combined with blurry imagery classification to improve the autofocus efficiency for ensuring autofocus precision. In this approach, we embed the blurry imagery classification based on a typical VGGNet in a deep learning community into the traditional autofocus framework as a preprocessing step before autofocus processing to analyze whether dominant point targets are present in the scene. If many dominant point targets are present in the scene, the non-parametric method is used for autofocus processing. Otherwise, the parametric one is adopted. Therefore, the advantage of the proposed approach is the automatic batch processing of all kinds of airborne measured data.

THE ERA OF LATE STALINISM: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE (1945-1953)

В статье предпринимается попытка осмыслить в историографическом ракурсе эволюцию советской этнополитики в период позднего сталинизма. В ней анализируются послевоенные тенденции этнополитического курса Кремля в отношении национальных республик и периферийных народов. При всех незначительных расхождениях во взглядах на проблему внутри научного сообщества доминировала точка зрения, согласно которой подход к этнонациональным проблемам со стороны правящих кругов базировался на обезличенной, предельно механистичной и функционалистской основе. Анализ ключевых партийных установок, а также последующих их трактовок исследователями представляется актуальным вследствие утвердившейся в политических кругах и, отчасти в научной среде, точки зрения, согласно которой национальный вопрос стал одной из главных причин распада СССР. The article is devoted to tracing the evolution of Soviet ethnopolitics in the period of late Stalinism from a historiographical perspective. It analyzes the post-war trends of the Kremlin's ethno-political course toward national republics and peripheral peoples. Despite all the minor differences in views within the scientific community, the dominant point of view on the topic is that the ruling circles approach to ethno-national problems was based on an impersonal, extremely mechanistic and functionalist basis. The analysis of key party decisions, as well as their subsequent interpretations by researchers, seems relevant due to the established view inside the political circles and, partly in the scientific community, according to which the national question became one of the basic causes for the collapse of the USSR

A REVIEW ON SADIK BEY NOVEL

In the analysis of a novel, besides the characters, time, place, and plot of the novel, the existence of elements such as language and style, point of view, the narrator is mentioned. The material elements of the novel are the narrator, point of view, plot, people, time, place, language and style,…; The techniques that make up the technical elements are narration-showing techniques, letter technique, flashback technique,…. Pınar Kür's novel, Sadık Bey, published by Can Publishing in 2016, is the source of this study. While analyzing the Sadık Bey novel, titles such as "the identity of the novel, from the name to the content, persons, time, place, plot, language, and style, dominant point of view, narrator, narration technique" were created; The sections related to these titles were tried to be exemplified from within the book and the study was completed. The study was created with the document analysis method, which includes the analysis of written materials containing information about the case or cases aimed to be investigated (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2013:217). Documents are important sources of information that should be used effectively in qualitative research (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2013:218). It is thought that the study will be a source for the researchers who will research novel analysis. Key words: Novel, Pınar Kür, Sadık Bey, material, technique, flashback.

On symmetry breaking of dual polyhedra of non-crystallographic group H 3

The study of the polyhedra described in this paper is relevant to the icosahedral symmetry in the assembly of various spherical molecules, biomolecules and viruses. A symmetry-breaking mechanism is applied to the family of polytopes {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) constructed for each type of dominant point λ. Here a polytope {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) is considered as a dual of a {\cal D}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) polytope obtained from the action of the Coxeter group H 3 on a single point \lambda\in{\bb R}^{3}. The H 3 symmetry is reduced to the symmetry of its two-dimensional subgroups H 2, A 1 × A 1 and A 2 that are used to examine the geometric structure of {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) polytopes. The latter is presented as a stack of parallel circular/polygonal orbits known as the `pancake' structure of a polytope. Inserting more orbits into an orbit decomposition results in the extension of the {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) structure into various nanotubes. Moreover, since a {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) polytope may contain the orbits obtained by the action of H 3 on the seed points (a, 0, 0), (0, b, 0) and (0, 0, c) within its structure, the stellations of flat-faced {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(\lambda) polytopes are constructed whenever the radii of such orbits are appropriately scaled. Finally, since the fullerene C20 has the dodecahedral structure of {\cal V}_{H_{3}}(a,0,0), the construction of the smallest fullerenes C24, C26, C28, C30 together with the nanotubes C20+6N , C20+10N is presented.

Prosiding Snatika_Tinjauan Metode Pengenalan Penulisan Tangan_Henny Hamsinar

Perkembangan penelitian tentang teknologi OCR (optical Character Recognition) masih menjadi tren penelitian saat ini. Pada Penelitian ini akan membahas perkembangan pengenalan tulisan tangan dan tantangan dari penelitian-penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Ada beberapa proses penting yang dilalui dalam teknologi OCR antara lain preprocessing, segmentasi, ekstraksi fitur, klasifikasi. Setiap proses yang dilalui akan menentukan hasil akurasi yang akan dicapai. Proses segmentasi sangat menentukan hasil ekstraksi fiturnya. Dominant point detection dan projection profile histogram merupakan metode-metode yang telah digunakan pada proses segmentasi. NN, SVM, FFANN merupakan metode yang banyak dipakai dalam proses klasifikasi.