Programmable Wavelength Filter with Double Ring Loaded MZI

We propose a novel filter circuit that incorporates a double ring resonator with a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI).The circuit has a response equivalent to a conventional ring loaded MZI filter, but with added flexibility in terms of configurability. The second-order filter can also be cascaded to realize higher-order filters. The circuit incorporates a two-stage input and output coupler to further reduce the effect of dispersion. A combination of local and global optimization strategies to program the filter, using tailored objective functions, have been tested in simulation and experiments. To our best knowledge, this is the first time a global optimization strategy is directly used in ARMA filter synthesis and simulation without any additional requirement. We further extend the optimization strategy into experiments and demonstrated its use in practical case for programmable filter circuits.

Design and Implementation of Reversible Vedic Multiplier with Trlic

The 'Vedic Mathematics' is the name given to the ancient system of mathematics with a unique technique of calculations based on simple rules and principles with which any mathematical problem can be solved with the help of arithmetic, algebra, geometry or trigonometry. In any of the fastest ALU, multiplier play an inevitable role. There is always a demand on high speed multiplier due to the raising limitation on delay. Increasing the speed of a multiplier there are number of new techniques have been implemented in which multiplier using Vedic mathematics are foremost one. The system performance and delay depend on the performance of multiplier used in it. Multiplier are used in different area such as cryptography, image processing application, embedded system application, programmable filter application etc .One of the major techniques to scale back the power dissipation is Reversible logic. There is no loss of data therefore power dissipation is reduced producing distinctive output for fixed input and vice-versa. The main objective of the project is to scale back the TRLIC of the multiplier factor by exploitation of Vedic arithmetic.The proposed methods are designed using VHDL Programming language, simulation and synthesis are done using Cadence RTL compiler in 180nm technology.

Four-Input One-Output Voltage-Mode Universal Filter Using Simple OTAs

This paper presents a new electronically tunable voltage-mode universal filter with four-input one-output employing six simple operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), two grounded capacitors and two MOS resistors. The use of grounded passive components is beneficial for integrated circuit implementation. The proposed filter can realize low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-stop and all-pass filtering functions without active and passive component-matching conditions and inverting-type input signals requirements. The natural frequency and quality factor can be tuned independently and electronically by adjusting the bias currents. The voltage-mode filter offers the features of high-input impedance and low active and passive sensitivities. The characteristics of the proposed universal filter are verified using PSPICE simulators through 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process. Experimental results are used to confirm the workability of proposed circuit through LM13600 commercially available OTAs. Also a digitally programmable filter is shown to confirm the advantage of multiple-input universal filter.

Programmable Spectral Filter in C-Band Based on Digital Micromirror Device

Optical filters have been adopted in many applications such as reconfigurable telecommunication switches, tunable lasers and spectral imaging. However, most of commercialized filters based on a micro-electrical-mechanical system (MEMS) only provide a minimum bandwidth of 25 GHz in telecom so far. In this work, the programmable filter based on a digital micromirror device (DMD) experimentally demonstrated a minimum bandwidth of 12.5 GHz in C-band that matched the grid width of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) G.694.1 standard. It was capable of filtering multiple wavebands simultaneously and flexibly by remotely uploading binary holograms onto the DMD. The number of channels and the center wavelength could be adjusted independently, as well as the channel bandwidth and the output power. The center wavelength tuning resolution of this filter achieved 0.033 nm and the insertion loss was about 10 dB across the entire C-band. Since the DMD had a high power handling capability (25 KW/cm2) of around 200 times that of the liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) chip, the DMD-based filters are expected to be applied in high power situations.

Realization of Programmable Analog Circuits with Digital Potentiometer

This paper introduced the structure and special property with type device, analyzed how to realized programmable analogue function module with digital potentiometer. This paper gave a design example of programmable second-order active low pass filter by using digital potentiometer. The programmable filter can be application to the signal filter processing of data acquisition systems. This paper has reference value of theory and practice on the application of digital potentiometer