Is Our Archiving Reliable? Multiobjective Archiving Methods on “Simple” Artificial Input Sequences

In evolutionary multiobjective optimisation ( EMO ), archiving is a common component that maintains an (external or internal) set during the search process, typically with a fixed size, in order to provide a good representation of high-quality solutions produced. Such an archive set can be used solely to store the final results shown to the decision maker, but in many cases may participate in the process of producing solutions (e.g., as a solution pool where the parental solutions are selected). Over the last three decades, archiving stands as an important issue in EMO, leading to the emergence of various methods such as those based on Pareto, indicator, or decomposition criteria. Such methods have demonstrated their effectiveness in literature and have been believed to be good options to many problems, particularly those having a regular Pareto front shape, e.g., a simplex shape. In this article, we challenge this belief. We do this through artificially constructing several sequences with extremely simple shapes, i.e., 1D/2D simplex Pareto front. We show the struggle of predominantly used archiving methods which have been deemed to well handle such shapes. This reveals that the order of solutions entering the archive matters, and that current EMO algorithms may not be fully capable of maintaining a representative population on problems with linear Pareto fronts even in the case that all of their optimal solutions can be found.

Transnational Policy Networks and Change Through Internationalization (The Record of Project 5-100)

This article considers the ideational and political contexts in which Project 5-100, the Russian excellence in higher education initiative emerged, as well as the specificities of its organisational and behavioural model. While Project 5-100 has been studied in the academic literature as regards its efficiency and how it affected the performance and inner workings of the participating universities, the question of how the project came about and the characteristic traits of its internal set-up still remain largely overlooked. The study focuses on the involvement of local and international players, arguing that their successful and organic cooperation influenced both the architecture and the implementation of the project. This paper contributes to the literature on policy networks by showing that transnational actors do not necessarily undermine or challenge state power and can on the contrary help governments implement systemic change. Inspired by the international experience of establishing world-class universities, Project 5-100 was conceived and lobbied by a small but influential group of visionaries pushing for change who – acting in a concerted and purposive manner – acquired a novel and powerful capacity to use international expertise for the development of a key national project, capable of deeply transforming the country’s higher educational system.

Categorical Nonstandard Analysis

In the present paper, we propose a new axiomatic approach to nonstandard analysis and its application to the general theory of spatial structures in terms of category theory. Our framework is based on the idea of internal set theory, while we make use of an endofunctor U on a topos of sets S together with a natural transformation υ, instead of the terms as “standard”, “internal”, or “external”. Moreover, we propose a general notion of a space called U-space, and the category USpace whose objects are U-spaces and morphisms are functions called U-spatial morphisms. The category USpace, which is shown to be Cartesian closed, gives a unified viewpoint toward topological and coarse geometric structure. It will also be useful to further study symmetries/asymmetries of the systems with infinite degrees of freedom, such as quantum fields.

Applications of Non-Standard analysis in Topoi to Mathematical Neurosciences and Artificial Intelligence: Infons, Energons, Receptons (I)

The purpose of this paper is to promote new methods in mathematical modeling inspired by neuroscience—that is consciousness and subconsciousness—with an eye toward artificial intelligence as parts of the global brain. As a mathematical model, we propose topoi and their non-standard enlargements as models, due to the fact that their logic corresponds well to human thinking. For this reason, we built non-standard analysis in a special class of topoi; before now, this existed only in the topos of sets (A. Robinson). Then, we arrive at the pseudo-particles from the title and to a new axiomatics denoted by Intuitionistic Internal Set Theory (IIST); a class of models for it is provided, namely, non-standard enlargements of the previous topoi. We also consider the genetic–epigenetic interplay with a mathematical introduction consisting of a study of the Yang–Baxter equations with new mathematical results.

PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI MESIN CNC TURNING MENGGUNAKAN METODE SINGLE MINUTES EXCHANGE OF DIES DI PT.X

Abstrak Perusahaan X adalah sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang manufaktur yang memproduksi produk Sparepart Aerospace menggunakan mesin produksi CNC. Kendala yang dihadapi Perushaan X adalah waktu set-up yang lama dan berulang-ulang, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimasi waktu set-up agar dapat meningkatkan produktivitas produksi dengan mengunakan Metode Single Minute Exchange Die (SMED) pada perusahaan X. Tahapan yang dilakukan antara lain langkah pengumpulan data elemen gerakan set-up yang dilakukan, memisahkan internal set-up menjadi ekternal set-up, menyederhanakan seluruh aspek operasi set-up serta perhitungan produktifitas dari penerapan SMED. Mesin CNC di Perusahaan X berjumlah 8 mesin dimana tingkat efisiensi mesin hanya mencapai 50% - 75%. Berdasarkan data produksi perusahaan bahwa kontribusi pada aktivitas set-up merupakan pengaruh terbesar terhadap waktu menganggur mesin CNC yaitu mencapai 55% dengan waktu set-up selama 51,05 menit pada tiap 1 kali set-up. Perbedaan pada tiap operator menjadi permasalahan dalam perusahaan X. Perhitungan waktu set-up dengan menggunakan metode (SMED) diperoleh waktu set-up sebesar 44,3 menit, waktu set-up sebesar 51,05 menit terdapat penurunan waktu set-up sebesar 6,75 menit

Rancangan Perbaikan Produktivitas Terhadap Perubahan Design di Departemen Produksi Sewing

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang menyebabkan turunnya produktivitas pada proses produksi Busana Muslim Rabbani Line 4A di CV. Y. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode OMAX (Objective Matrix), FTA (Failure Tree Analysis) untuk mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang meyebabkan turunnya produktivitas karena adanya pergantian desain produk, dan perbaikannya dengan metode SMED (Single Minute Exchange Of Die). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan faktor dominan penyebab turunnya produktivitas yaitu faktor jam kerja, dimana karena adanya pergantian desain menyebabkan semua mesin harus ada proses set-up. Berdasarkan metode SMED sebagai metode untuk perbaikan diketahui waktu set-up setiap mesin pembuatan busana muslim mengalami penurunan sebesar 7 menit/mesin dengan memisahkan internal set-up (kegiatan yang hanya dilakukan pada saat mesin berhenti) dan eksternal set-up (kegiatan set-up yang dapat dilakukan saat mesin berjalan), waktu set-up sebelum penerapan SMED sebesar 551 menit/line (19 mesin), sedangkan waktu set-up sesudah penerapan SMED dapat diturunkan sebesar 133 menit/line, maka penurunan waktu set-up sebesar 24% setiap ada proses set-up mesin.

MAXIMISING DISCHARGE BURNUP IN AN OPEN CYCLE MOLTEN SALT REACTOR

This paper discusses work done to find an estimate of the maximum achievable discharge burnup in an open cycle molten salt reactor (MSR). An in-development deterministic code (WIMS11) is used to create a model of a simple generic MSR, and the methodology employed is discussed. Some experimentation is done with regards to the internal set-up of the ‘unit cells’ within the core, which shows there is a strong link between this geometry and the achievable burnup. Work is done to quantify the effects of removing volatile fission products and implementing a two-batch refuelling scheme. Finally, an optimization process is carried out whereby the optimal proportion of graphite moderator within the core is found which balances power across the regions while maximising discharge burnup. Two fuels are tested, one which carries only 235U and 238U, and another which also carries 232Th. It is found that the maximum achievable discharge burnup is approximately 155 MWd/kg, which is considerably higher than modern PWRs, despite a lower enrichment and only two batches of fuel being used.

Analytical model to assess the functionality of small farmers’ organizations

<p>The analytical network process (ANP) was used to analyze the functionality of small farmers’ organizations; 12 experts were consulted to verify the relevance and assign value comparative judgments to the criteria´s of the internal, external and functional sets. Judgments were added through AIJ technique, after of synthesis weights of relative importance for the criteria’s were estimated. The results show that the criteria´s of the internal set are the ones that are most important for the functionality, highlighting the leadership and management capacity, together with the market environment and the achievement of the objectives proposed by the members.</p>

Population specific reference panels are crucial for the genetic analyses of Native Hawai’ians: an example of the CREBRF locus

Statistical imputation applied to genome-wide array data is the most cost-effective approach to complete the catalog of genetic variation in a study population. However, imputed genotypes in underrepresented populations incur greater inaccuracies due to ascertainment bias and a lack of representation among reference individuals,, further contributing to the obstacles to study these populations. Here we examined the consequences due to the lack of representation by genotyping a functionally important, Polynesian-specific variant, rs373863828, in the CREBRF gene, in a large number of self-reported Native Hawai’ians (N=3,693) from the Multiethnic Cohort. We found the derived allele of rs373863828 was significantly associated with several adiposity traits with large effects (e.g. 0.214 s.d., or approximately 1.28 kg/m2, per allele, in BMI as the most significant; P = 7.5×10−5). Due to the current absence of Polynesian representation in publicly accessible reference sequences, rs373863828 or any of its proxies could not be tested through imputation using these existing resources. Moreover, the association signals at this Polynesian-specific variant could not be captured by alternative approaches, such as admixture mapping. In contrast, highly accurate imputation can be achieved even if a small number (<200) of Polynesian reference individuals were available. By constructing an internal set of Polynesian reference individuals, we were able to increase sample size for analysis up to 3,936 individuals, and improved the statistical evidence of association (e.g. p = 1.5×10−7, 3×10−6, and 1.4×10−4 for BMI, hip circumference, and T2D, respectively). Taken together, our results suggest the alarming possibility that lack of representation in reference panels would inhibit discovery of functionally important, population-specific loci such as CREBRF. Yet, they could be easily detected and prioritized with improved representation of diverse populations in sequencing studies.