How Risk Signaling Influences Binge Drinking Impression Formation: An Evolutionary Experimental Approach

Background. Evolutionary theory-driven alcohol prevention programs for adolescents are lacking. This study introduced a binge drinking impression formation paradigm to test whether emphasizing sexual dysfunction induced by alcohol abuse lowers positive attitudes and expectancies related to binge drinking when compared with cognitive or long-term health consequences. Method. In a between-subjects experiment, 269 French high school students (age, M = 15.94, SD = 0.93, 63.20% women) watched professional-quality videos emphasizing sexual impotence (n = 60), cognitive impairment (n = 72), or long-term effects (cancer, cardiovascular disease, n = 68) induced by alcohol and then had to evaluate a drinking scene. We predicted that the video on impotence would be the most impactful when compared with the other videos. Results. Results showed that women evaluated the target as less attractive after viewing the cognitive video compared with the video on impotence. Men were more willing to play sports against the target after viewing the cognitive video, compared with the video on impotence. Conclusions. These results showed that evolutionary meaning might shape impressions formed by participants depending on the context. This study calls for further replications using the same design and materials.

Sexual dysfunction associated with neurological disorders in men aged 19 to 44 years

Introduction: Male sexual dysfunction (DSM) is characterized by changes in qualitative or quantitative sexual capacity, manifested by changes in ejaculation, erection, and/or orgasm, in addition to the presence of pain or discomfort in sexual relations, and the main one of these is erectile dysfunction (ED). Objective: Review the literature on sexual dysfunction caused by neurological disorders, in men aged 19 to 44 years. Methodology: This is a narrative literature review. The collection of information about the theme was carried out through a search for scientific articles in the PubMed databases. The descriptions used in the search were “sexual dysfunction AND neurological disorders in men”, articles published in the last 5 years were considered. Results: Several neurological diseases with a very high correlation with DSM were found, such as: multiple sclerosis, ED being the main problem reported by patients, depression and its respective treatment, epilepsy, mainly associated with anxiety and depression, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, spina bifida, stroke and traumatic brain injury, especially when associated with diabetic neuropathy. Conclusion: DS is a very frequent problem in neurological diseases, therefore, there is a need for this theme not to be neglected by health professionals, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary treatment. Mersh Terms: Impotence, Male Sexual Impotence, Nervous System Disease.

Shistosomal myelitis and its diagnostic complexity: report of two cases in Alagoas

Context: In Brazil, schistosomal myelitis is the third most common cause of myelopathy. The diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis is not easy to make. In a study published in 2001, the author proposed a classification for the diagnosis of schistosomal myelorradiculopathy: Proven Diagnosis; Probable Diagnosis and Possible Diagnosis. Case Reports: Case 1, admitted in 2021 with 40 days of paraparesis and ascending paraesthesia, urinary retention and severe low back pain. He had proximal and distal grade 1 paraparesis, eosinophilia at blood count, CSF with hyperproteinorrhachia, normal cellularity and indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) for reactive schistosomiasis, as well as stool parasitology (EPF) and spine MRI with hypersignal in the spinal cord. Case 2, admitted in 2020 with 20 days of constipation and urinary retention followed by paraparesis and ascending paresthesia and sexual impotence. He presented proximal and distal grade 3 paraparesis and CSF with protein-cytological dissociation. Both had abolished deep reflexes and hypoaesthesia with levels in L2 and T10, respectively. As a result of the other exams and MRI with hypersignal of D6 to medullary cone with contrast impregnation and cauda equina roots, despite case 2 having EPF and IFI for schistosomiasis in the CSF negative, for presenting positive epidemiology for schistosomiasis, both were treated with solumedrol for 5 days, praziquantel and oral prednisone, with improvement afterwards. Conclusion: The outcome of schistosomal myelitis is directly related to early diagnosis and treatment. It is necessary to value all clinical, laboratory and epidemiological findings in patients living in an endemic area.

The Factors That Affect Diet Compliance in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Nganjuk Hospital

Patients with diabetes mellitus must follow a strict diet to control blood sugar levels to keep them within normal limits. If it is not controlled, it will cause various diseases which will be caused by visual disturbances, cataracts, heart problems, impaired kidney function, sexual impotence, difficulty in healing wounds or even rot/gangrene, lung infections, vascular disorders, and strokes. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect dietary compliance in diabetes mellitus sufferers. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. This study explores the experiences of people with diabetes mellitus when they are on a diet. The participants in this study were 10 people. The technique of collecting data was by conducting in-depth interviews so that the results were 3 themes, namely lack of knowledge about diet, lack of family support, and difficulty in adhering to a diet. The importance of support and motivation from family and health workers for diabetes mellitus sufferers to always adhere to a diet to avoid various complications. Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus, and Diet Compliance

Ferula hermonis: A Review of Current Use and Pharmacological Studies of its Sesquiterpene Ester Ferutinin

Ferula hermonis Boiss, is an endemic plant of Lebanon, locally known as “shilsh Elzallouh”. It has been extensively used in the traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac and for the treatment of sexual impotence. Crude extracts and isolated compounds of ferula hermonis contain phytoestrogenic substances having a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties including anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-fungal, anti-cancer and as sexual activity enhancer. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight the traditional and novel applications of this plant’s extracts and its major sesquiterpene ester, ferutinin. The phytochemical constituents and the pharmacological uses of ferula hermonis crude extract and ferutinin specifically will be discussed.

An Evolutionary Approach to Binge Drinking Impression Formation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between France and Peru

Evolutionary medicine proposes studying alcohol use and abuse through the lens of modern evolutionary theory. This study ( https://osf.io/p48 uw/) follows this approach and uses an evolutionary framework to predict how young adults (18–35 years old) form impression of a binge drinker. We predicted that displaying sexual dysfunctions (short-term risk) in a binge drinking video would negatively influence attitudes and expectations of a target when compared to cognitive (short-term risk) or long-term deficits. In the following studies, we use a Zahavian framework to understand and influence impression formation of a male binge drinker among women (intersexual selection) and men (intrasexual competition) participants in a subsequent task. Via a randomized experimental online study in France ( N = 177, M = 23.39 [4.91], 43.50% men) and a preregistered conceptual replication study in Peru ( N = 176, M = 25.61 [4.76], 53.41% men), women exposed to a binge drinking video—describing sexual impotence after a binge drinking episode—tended to downgrade attractiveness evaluation of the binge drinker. However, male participants were not impacted by the different types of signals displayed in the videos. These results show that evolutionary theory could help us understand impression formation in binge drinking context and call for gender-specific health messages.

Treatment of Priapism Secondary to Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction

Priapism may present as a side effect in patients treated with medications for erectile dysfunction, in which it should be controlled in a timely manner to avoid complications. There is little information regarding the use of local measures for the treatment of this condition. This study was done with the objective to describe the management of priapism secondary to erectile dysfunction drugs in a cohort of men. Records of emergencies and adverse events were reviewed by two researchers to identify patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction who received oral or intracavernosal drugs for their illness and presented priapism. Sociodemographic data, clinical background, and information on the duration, management, and evolution of the priapism were extracted. Priapism incidence, percentage of improvement by type of treatment subgroups, and frequency of complications were estimated. 698 patients were treated with PDE-5 inhibitors and 2,135 with intracavernosal drugs. Thirty-one patients (1.4%) reported at least one priapism event during treatment, all with intracavernosal drugs. Treatment with local measures was effective for 10 (32.2%) patients, 1 (3.2%) required terbutaline, 19 (61.2%) used intracavernosal etilefrine, and 1 (3.2%) required drainage and flushing of cavernous bodies. After the priapism episode, 3 (9.6%) patients required an increased dose of the drug in order to achieve satisfactory erection. The results suggest that in men treated for priapism secondary to the use of sexual impotence drugs, initial treatment with local measures and etilefrine can achieve detumescence, decreasing the need for invasive procedures or surgery as a first-line therapy alternative. It is necessary to carry out research studies to confirm this hypothesis.

A NEOLOGIZING TAKE ON HIPPONAX, FR. 92.3 WEST

‘When I use a word’, Humpty Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, ‘it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.’In his recent note on Hipponax in this journal, Joseph Cotter first offers ‘a revised version of LSJ's definition’ of ὄρχις. At LSJ (incl. Revised Supplement, 1996), s.v. ὄρχις I, ‘… testicle Hippon. 92.3 W. …’, he would delete the Hipponactean citation and rewrite the second definition, under ΙΙ (‘plant so called from the form of its root …’), to read: ‘from similarity of shape, 1 glans penis, Hippon. 92 (95 Degani), 2. <plant> from the form of its root …’. Cotter derives his new definition from his reading of that Hipponactean line (= fr. 95.3 Degani), καί μοι τὸν ὄρχιν τῆς φαλ[ … , which he supplements with the name of a marsh bird, φαλ[ηρίδος, also redefined. This supplementary ‘coot’ is said to mean ‘cock’, so that the narrator of the fragment's description of (probable) treatment for sexual impotence tells how a Lydian woman ‘thrashed with fig-branch (4, κ]ράδηι συνηλοίησεν) the glans of my cock’. We are presented, then, with two previously unattested meanings of two nouns, ὄρχις and φαληρίς, and an accommodating correction of LSJ. What—I have asked Cotter—might Henry Liddell have thought of these innovations, familiar as he undoubtedly was with Humpty Dumpty's semantics!

Intersectionality, Gender Liminality and Ben Sira’s Attitude to the Eunuch

Ben Sira twice cites the eunuch in sayings that play on his sexual impotence. In so doing he diverges from what we know of the Hebraic tradition before him. Blending theory is used to interpret the sayings and their apparently malicious intent. After appraising the ambiguous status/identity of the eunuch in terms of ‘intersectionality’, Ben Sira’s attitude is contextualised using the concepts of ‘gender liminality’ and ‘hybridity’ and set against the strict binary system that underlies his understanding of gender more generally. It is suggested that Ben Sira’s theology of creation, like that of the Wisdom tradition more generally, forms the principal basis for this binary system. At the same time, the more accepting attitude to the eunuch in Isaiah 56 is considered and its notion of the ‘new creation’.