diet compliance
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2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 786-790
Author(s):  
Yanuar Noer Romadhoni ◽  
S Sugiharto

AbstractDiabetes mellitus control can be in the form of insulin injection, diet, exercise, and medication. Health education can also be provide to improve the knowledge and skills of people with diabetes in controlling their blood sugar. This study aims to find out how the level of knowledge and level of adherence to the diet carried out by DM sufferers is seen from the 3J (schedule, amount, and type of food). The design used in this study was a case study on 2 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire on the level of adherence to the 3J diet, a questionnaire on the level of adherence. The patient’s knowledge before and after the intervention were compared. Their dietary adherence after the intervention were also observed. The results obtained before the intervention the knowledge value of the two respondents were 60 and 53. After the intervention, the knowledge level of the two respondents became 80 and the average results of the adherence level observation of the two respondents were 86 and 84. Based on the observation data, the result of the level of dietary compliance in both clients considered complaint with the diet program. It can be concluded that health education about the 3J diet can increase the level of knowledge and dietary compliance in people with diabetes mellitus. This result can be used as a consideration for the health workers to recommend and educate DM patiens and their families to carry out implement an agreed diet program such as the 3J diet program.Keywords: Diabetes melltus, Diet, Compliance, Health education AbstrakPengendalian diabetes mellitus dapat berupa injeksi insulin, pengaturan diet, olahraga dan obat-obatan. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan diabetisi dalam pengendalian gula darah dapat dilakukan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat pengetahuan dan tingkat kepatuhan akan diet yang dijalankan oleh penderita DM dilihat dari 3 J (jadwal, jumlah dan jenis makanan). Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini berupa studi kasus pada 2 penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Instrument penelitian ini berupa kuesioner tingkat kepatuhan diet 3J, kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan tentang diet diabetes mellitus dan lembar observasi tingkat kepatuhan. Cara mengevaluasi dengan membandingkan nilai pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dan observasi nilai kepatuhan diet sesudah intervensi. Hasil yang didapat sebelum dilakukan intervensi nilai pengetahuan kedua responden adalah 60 dan 53. Setelah dilakukan intervensi nilai tingkat pengetahuan kedua responden menjadi 80 dan hasil observasi tingkat kepatuhan kedua responden rata-rata 86 dan 84. Berdasarkan data observasi didapatkan hasil tingkat kepatuhan diet pada kedua klien dianggap patuh terhadap program diet yang dilakukan. Kesimpulannya adalah pendidikan kesehatan tentang diet 3J dapat meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan diet pada penderita diabetes mellitus. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan hendaknya menganjurkan dan mengedukasi penderita DM dan keluarganya untuk melakukan dan melaksanakan program diet yang sudah disepakati seperti program diet 3J.Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, diet, kepatuhan, pendidikan kesehatan


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Winarko Winarko ◽  
Indasah Indasah

Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM) has become a serious health problem in the community. One PTM that has received a lot of attention is Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which occurs when the body cannot produce enough of the hormone insulin or cannot use insulin effectively. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between family support tasks and dietary adherence in Diabetes Mellitus patients in Jayawijaya District Health Office. The type of research used is survey research with explanatory research methods. The population in this study were 145 diabetes mellitus patients treated at the Jayawijaya District Health Office. The sample of this study were patients with militus diabetes who underwent treatment at the Jayawijaya District Health Office who met the sample criteria of 58 people. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of the study there is a relationship between family duties and dietary compliance in diabetus mellitus patients using spearman correlation calculations of 0.000 < 0.05 in addition to data obtained as many as 38 (65.5% ) respondents from 43 respondents of family duties are good and obedient to the diet diabetus mellitus, while from 13 respondents with family duties are quite obtained data as many as 7 respondents (12.1%) disobedient. And from 2 respondents with family duties, less data was obtained by 2 respondents (3.4%) disobedient. Based on the results of the research, it is hoped that further communication, information, and education (IEC) will improve regarding the dietary needs of diabetes mellitus.


Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan T Romberger ◽  
Joseph Stock ◽  
Jordan Patik ◽  
Ron McMillan ◽  
Shannon Lennon ◽  
...  

Inverse salt sensitivity, a sodium induced reduction in blood pressure (BP), has recently been associated with increased incidence of hypertension. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the prevalence of inverse salt sensitivity (ISS). Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective analysis was to determine the prevalence of ISS in a cohort of normotensive adults (n=111; age=37±13yr) and to determine if ISS is associated with any demographic characteristic(s). Subjects included healthy, normotensive, and non-obese adults who participated in a controlled feeding study, consuming a low-sodium (LS, 20 mmol Na/d) and high-sodium (HS, 300 mmol Na/d) diet for 7 days each in a randomized order; diet compliance was assessed with 24-hr urinary sodium excretion (LS=29.0±23.6, HS=240.5±92.0, p<0.0001). On the final day of each diet, 24-hr ambulatory BP was assessed. Subjects were grouped based on change in 24-hr mean arterial pressure (MAP) from the LS to HS diet. ISS was defined as a reduction in MAP >5mmHg, salt sensitive (SS) as an increase in MAP >5mmHg, and salt resistant (SR) as a change in MAP ≤5mmHg. Group differences in sex, age, and BMI were evaluated using Chi Square tests and race using a Fisher’s exact test. Group differences in mean age and BMI were assessed using a one-way ANOVA (mean±SD). Overall (n=111), 12.6% (n=14) were ISS, 72.1% (n=80) SR, and 15.3% (n=17) SS. Prevalence of ISS was not different with respect to sex (male [n=57]: 15.8% (9), female [n=54]: 9.3% (5), p=0.30), race (white [n=84]: 14.3% (12), black [n=16]: 6.3% (1), Asian [n=11]: 9.1% (1), p=0.88), or age (21-40 y.o. [n=64]: 15.6% (10), 41-60 y.o. [n=47]: 8.5% (4), p=0.26). However, prevalence of ISS tended to be higher in those with lower BMI (BMI < 25 [n=71]: 16.9% (12), BMI ≥ 25 [n=40]: 5.0% (2), p=0.07). There were also no group differences with respect to mean age (ISS=34±13yr, SR=37±12yr, SS=41±14yr, p=0.29), but SS had a significantly higher BMI than ISS and SR (ISS=22.9±2.8, SR=24.3±2.6, SS=26.7±3.6, p=0.0009). Together, in a normotensive cohort, we found that 12.6% of subjects were ISS. Furthermore, prevalence of ISS was not different with regards to sex, race, and age, but ISS may be associated with lower BMI. Future research is needed to further understand the ISS phenotype.


Author(s):  
Perdani Adnin Maiisyah ◽  
Zullies Ikawati ◽  
Zainol Akbar Zainal

In 2017, Indonesia was ranked sixth in the top ten countries with the highest diabetes cases. The prevalence is expected to continue increasing. The use of Smartphone applications is one of the alternative methods in promoting better disease management and preventing diabetes. The purpose of this review is to identify existing studies regarding Smartphone applications for diabetes in Indonesia and to highlight the important findings. There are only a few original clinical studies about Smartphone applications for diabetes in Indonesia. A total of 5 studies were reviewed here. There are the Nutri Diabetic Care, the Teman DM, the DM Calendar App, the E-diary DM, and the Salam Sehat. The study was conducted on several respondents with the use of short-term applications and using the variable method. Nevertheless, the studies found that Smartphone applications for diabetes can be beneficial for improving self-care, self-efficacy, increased knowledge, and medication and diet compliance among diabetic patients in Indonesia. The information and utility criteria for diabetes application which should be relevant to clinical guidelines are not discussed. The implementation of Smartphone applications for diabetes is suitable for Indonesian condition. The best application with the right information, utility, and supported by clinical studies is suggested as a complement to the diabetes management by a health professional.


Author(s):  
Almina Rospitaria Tarigan

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Hypertension is a disease that suffered by many people in the world, including in Indonesia. Patients with hypertension must make a diet to consume foods that can increase the sufferer's blood pressure. A hypertension diet is one of the important factors in maintaining the health of hypertension sufferers to prevent disease complications. This study aimed to analysis family support, and compliance with hypertension diet in hypertensive sufferers.</p><p>This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in the Hulu Village of Pancur Batu Public Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency. The sample size in this study was the entire population, namely hypertension sufferers. Sample (saturated sample), so that the total sample is 108 people. This study will conduct a Prevalent Rate (PR) analysis to see the risk of dietary adherence in hypertensive patients.</p><p>This study showed family support in the category of bad as many as 85 people (78.7%), the implementation of hypertension diet in the non-compliant category as many as 76 people (70.4%) and adhered to the implementation of hypertension diet as many as 32 people (29.6%). of avoided foodstuffs (hypertension triggers) it is known that for this type of foods high in cholesterol is (a) grilled/boiled meat, which is as much as 76 people (70.4%), (b) meat or chicken skin, which is as much as 55 people (50.9%), and (c) chicken yolks, which is as many as 67 people (62.0%). The type of food high in Sodium is; chips, which is as many as 55 people (50.9%).</p><p>Pancur Batu Public Health office, seeks to increase counselling about hypertension diet, namely recommended foodstuffs, restricted foodstuffs, avoided foodstuffs and carried out continuously in place and the right time. Families to increase knowledge about the primary prevention of hypertensive diseases so that they can conduct prevention independently and provide motivation (support) to hypertension sufferers to implement the hypertensive diet</p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253886
Author(s):  
Jin Wook Lee ◽  
Jae Seok Hwang ◽  
Woo Jin Chung ◽  
Heon Ju Lee ◽  
Jung Gil Park ◽  
...  

Background and aims The low-salt diet is considered important for control of ascites in cirrhotic patients. To validate whether the spot urine sodium (Na)/potassium (K) ratio could replace 24-h urine Na (uNa) excretion in assessing low-salt diet compliance. Methods We prospectively studied 175 patients. 24-h urine collection and spot urine collection were performed. Subsequently, 24-h uNa, urine creatinine (uCr), and spot urine Na and K were assessed. A complete urine collection was confirmed based on 24-h uCr excretion levels of 15mg/kg/day for men and 10mg/kg/day for women. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the feasibility of spot urine Na/K ratio in predicting 24-h uNa greater than 78mmol/day. Results Out of 175 patients, 24-h urine samples were completely collected in 57 patients only. Moreover, urine samples were not completely collected in 118 patients because their 24-h uCr excretion level was less than the established criteria. In complete urine collection group, AUROC curve for spot urine Na/K ratio in predicting 24-h uNa greater than 78mmol/day was 0.874±0.051 (P<0.001). In the incomplete urine collection group, the AUROC was 0.832±0.039 (P<0.001). In complete urine collection group, the classical cutoff value greater than 1.0 of spot urine Na/K ratio showed 90.9% sensitivity and 56.0% specificity. Conclusions The spot urine Na/K ratio reflects 24-h uNa, but the AUROC value obtained in this study is lower than that of a previous study. Considered the large number of patients with incomplete urine collection, validating 24-h complete urine collection criteria is necessary.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Nur Yazlim ◽  
Nur Juliana ◽  
Elna Sari ◽  
Rasniah Sarumi

Baground: Diabetic foot ulcers are a chronic complication of diabetes in the form of open wounds on the skin surface The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers in Indonesia is around 13% of patients treated in hospitals and 26% of outpatients. The aimed was to determine relationship between physical activity, dietary compliance with the incidence of diabetic ulcers in Hospital Makassar City. Methods: This type of research used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional study design. Research  were taken by accidental sampling and obtained 78 respondents. Data collection is done by filling out questionnaires. The data were analyzed by chi square fisher's exact test. Results: The results showed that the age of the  with the highest incidence of diabetic ulcers was between 45-60 years was (57,7%) and the lowest was >60 years (42,3%), Women were susceptible to the incidence of diabetic ulcers (62,8%), the highest level of education was high school, namely 50% and the lowest was elementary school ( 1,3%) and employment is dominated by private employees (26,9%) and the lowest is civil servants (11,5%). From 46 respondents with less physical activity (71,8%) rexperienced the incidence of diabetic ulcers, while from 32 respondents in the moderate category (28,2%) experienced diabetic ulcers, p value = 0,019. From 42 respondents in the dietary compliance category, there were (71,8%) experiencing the incidence of diabetic ulcers, from 11 respondents in the diet-adhering category there were (28,2%) experiencing the incidence of diabetic ulcers, obtained a p value of 0,001. Conclusion: There are a significant relationship between physical activity, dietary compliance with the incidence of diabetic ulcers in Hospital Makassar City. Keywords: Diabetic ulcer, physical activity, diet compliance   Abstrak Pendahuluan: Luka kaki diabetik adalah komplikasi kronik diabetes berupa luka terbuka pada permukaan kulit. Prevalensi terjadinya luka kaki diabetes di Indonesia sekitar 13% penderta dirawat di Rumah Sakit dan 26% penderita rawat jalan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet terhadap kejadian ulkus diabetik di RSUD Kota Makassar. Metode: Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Responden penelitian diambil dengan accidental sampling dan didapat 78 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuisioner. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan chi square fisher's exact test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia responden dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik tertinggi antara 45-60 tahun (57,7%) dan terendah >60 tahun (42,3%), berdasarkan jenies kelamin wanita rentan terhadap kejadian ulkus diabetik (62,8%), tingkat pendidikan terbanyak SMA yaitu 50% dan terendah SD (1,3%), pekerjaan didominasi oleh pegawai swasta (26,9%) dan terendah PNS (11,5%). Dari 46 responden dengan aktivitas fisik kurang terdapat (71,8%) responden mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik sedangkan dari 32 responden dengan kategori cukup (28,2%) mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik nilai p value = 0,019. Dari 42 responden dengan kategori kepatuhan diet, terdapat (71,8%)  mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik sedangkan dari 11 responden dengan kategori patuh diet terdapat (28,2%) mengalami mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik,  diperoleh nilai p 0,001 Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan  diet dengan kejadian ulkus diabeti RSUD Kota Makassar. Kata kunci: Ulkus diabetik, aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Angga Miftakhul Nizar Nizar ◽  
Kusnanto ◽  
Lilik Herawati

Diabetes mellitus has now become a major problem in non-communicable diseases whose prevalence continues to increase. Lack of family independence and client non-compliance with the diet program greatly affects blood sugar levels. This study needs to evaluate the effectiveness of family empowerment towards diet compliance and family independence in caring for family members with diabetes mellitus. A systematic review searched five electronic databases (Scopus, sciencedirect, pubmed, research gate, and google scholar) with the last ten years (2011-2021). The quality of the articles used in this study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline. The prism protocol is also used to review each journal. We found 15 studies out of a total of 5,865 studies that discussed family empowerment in increasing family independence and dietary adherence in family members suffering from diabetes mellitus. Family empowerment is one method that is quite effective in increasing family independence and adherence to diet programs. There are six articles (40%) that state that planned behavior theory is effective in increasing family independence and dietary adherence to family members suffering from diabetes mellitus. From all the articles analyzed, there are several effective theories to empower families to change the behavior of family independence and individual diet compliance, namely the theory of planned behavior. However, this study is not strong enough to provide an assessment that family empowerment based on the theory of planned behavior and empowerment is the best way to increase independence, therefore further research is needed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13619-e13619
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Jotwani ◽  
Krishna Priya NG ◽  
Arun AK ◽  
Rashie Jain

e13619 Background: According to published literature, regardless of the cancer type, the overall prevalence of malnutrition in cancer is about 40% (range 30%-70%). Malnutrition is known to adversely affect the treatment compliance, quality of life and survival outcomes for cancer patients. Onco.com provides telehealth based nutrition care support (NCS) as a part of cancer care management program. We sought to evaluate impact of telehealth based nutrition counselling on diet compliance and overall nutritional status of patients. Methods: NCS includes virtual nutrition screening, nutrition diagnosis and nutrition intervention. Virtual nutrition screening was done using modified patient generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) tool developed by Ottery. An initial nutrition screening was initially performed for 165 patients. After nutrition screening, patients were divided as malnourished (category 1- 47%), nutritionally at risk (category 2- 34%) and well nourished (category 3- 19%). Patients in category 1 & 2 were analysed for the purpose of study. Diet counselling and customized diet plans were provided to the patients between the age group of 12 to 83 years for a period of 3 months from October to December 2020. On follow up, 24 hour diet recall method and food frequency method were used to assess the compliance to the diet plan. One day prior 24 hour diet recall and food frequency method for two weeks was used to analyse the adherence to the plan. If the patient consumed ≥75% of the recommended diet for a minimum of 5 days in a week, he/she was considered a ‘compliant’, while those who consumed < 75% of the recommended diet were considered to be ‘non-compliant’. Data on body weight and performance status (PS) was documented during follow up to track changes. Results: Of 134 study participants, 35.1% were in the early (I & II) stage, 38.7 % were in the locally advanced (III) stage, 21.2 % were in the metastatic stage, and 4.8 % were in the recurrent stage of disease. After 3 months of initiation of the nutrition counselling, 40% of the patients had gained weight, whereas 38% could maintain the body weight and 22 % had lost weight. Change in physical activity, appetite, management of side effects after diet plan initiation were also assessed during the reassessment calls. Overall, 67% patients showed improvement in diet compliance across all stages of disease. Majority of dietary non-compliance was noted in patients with head and neck, upper GI cancers or those with poor PS. Conclusions: Telehealth based nutritional counselling is an effective tool to help cancer patients achieve better diet compliance and nutrition outcomes across all stages of disease. Dietary non-compliance in head and neck cancers and upper gastrointestinal cancers or poos PS could correlate with difficulty in oral intake. Getting accurate information could be one of the challenges in virtual mode of counselling.


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