The Effect of OPV Module Size on Stability and Diurnal Performance: Outdoor Tests and Application of a Computer Model

The outdoor performance of large area Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) is investigated in this work. Initially, the diurnal performance of the three modules is determined and found to be similar. Subsequently module degradation is monitored, and it is found that the larger area module displays a significantly greater stability as compared to the smallest area module; in fact the larger module displays a T50% (time to fall to 50% of its original value) of 191 days whilst the smallest module displays a T50% of 57 days. This is attributed to an increased level of water infiltration due to a larger perimeter-to-area ratio. These findings are then used to verify a computer simulation model which allows the model parameters, series and shunt resistances, to be calculated. It is determined that the series resistance is not an obvious obstruction at these module sizes. The findings of this work provide great promise for the application of OPV technology on a larger scale.

TPSC: a module detection method based on topology potential and spectral clustering in weighted networks and its application in gene co-expression module discovery

Background Gene co-expression networks are widely studied in the biomedical field, with algorithms such as WGCNA and lmQCM having been developed to detect co-expressed modules. However, these algorithms have limitations such as insufficient granularity and unbalanced module size, which prevent full acquisition of knowledge from data mining. In addition, it is difficult to incorporate prior knowledge in current co-expression module detection algorithms. Results In this paper, we propose a novel module detection algorithm based on topology potential and spectral clustering algorithm to detect co-expressed modules in gene co-expression networks. By testing on TCGA data, our novel method can provide more complete coverage of genes, more balanced module size and finer granularity than current methods in detecting modules with significant overall survival difference. In addition, the proposed algorithm can identify modules by incorporating prior knowledge. Conclusion In summary, we developed a method to obtain as much as possible information from networks with increased input coverage and the ability to detect more size-balanced and granular modules. In addition, our method can integrate data from different sources. Our proposed method performs better than current methods with complete coverage of input genes and finer granularity. Moreover, this method is designed not only for gene co-expression networks but can also be applied to any general fully connected weighted network.

A 2.4 GHz 20 W 8-Channel RF Source Module with Improved Channel Output Balance

This paper presents a 2.4 GHz 20 W 8-channel radio frequency (RF) source module with improved channel output balance. The proposed RF source module is composed of an RF source generation/DC control part, a power amplification part, and a power dividing part. A 2-stage power amplifier (PA) is combined with gallium nitride high-electron-mobility transistors, including a 25 W transistor and 2-way combined 120 W transistors as the drive and main PA, respectively. In addition, a structure was applied to improve the channel output balance compared to that of the previous module, and the differences of the phase and magnitude of the output power between channels are alleviated within 0.35° and 0.18 dB, respectively. A water jacket was implemented under the drive and main PAs for liquid cooling; however, unlike in the previous work, it was designed by optimizing the size of the water jacket and reducing unnecessary materials using a brazing process. The output power at each channel was 43 dBm, and the drain efficiency was more than 50% at 2.4 GHz. The total module size was 244 mm × 247.4 mm × 30 mm, and its volume was reduced by approximately 58.4% compared to that of the previous module.

Performance of recurrent event models on defect proneness data

The repeated occurrence of the same event in a process is commonly observed in many domains. Such events are referred to as recurrent events. The time to occurrence of these repeated events varies from unit to unit with a possibility of events not occurring among some of the units. Invariably such data are dealt with using some of the techniques in survival analysis called recurrent event models, which are commonly encountered in epidemiological studies and clinical trials. However, it applies to other domains in science and technology. We illustrate the usefulness of recurrent event models in the context of defect proneness analysis in quality assessment of software. Some of the models in practice are introduced on data collected to study the impact of module size on defect proneness in the Mozilla product. Module size plays a significant role in defect proneness and each defect fix makes the class more susceptible to further defects. The risk estimates obtained from the different models vary owing to the differences in the properties of the models as well as the assumptions underlying it.

METHODS TO DETERMINE COMPLEX DEGREES OF MUTUAL ANISOTROPY FOR THE DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMORRHAGES IN THE HUMAN BRAIN SUBSTANCE RESULTING FROM TRAUMATIC AND NON-TRAUMATIC GENESIS

An issue that is often debated in forensic traumatology is the differential diagnosis of hemorrhages into the human brain substance (HBS) of traumatic and non-traumatic genesis. Objectives. This study aims to identify new criteria for objective forensic differentiation of hemorrhages of traumatic origin, cerebral infarction of ischemic and hemorrhagic genesis by using the method of complex degree of mutual anisotropy. For this study native sections of HBS from 125 corpses were used in the case of: death from coronary heart disease - 35 (28%) of native sections (Group 1 - control); hemorrhages of traumatic genesis - 30 (24%) sections (Group 2); ischemic cerebral infarction - 30 (24%) native sections(Group 3); and hemorrhages of non-traumatic genesis - 30 (24%) native sections (Group 4). Results. The statistical moments of the third and fourth orders, which characterize the asymmetry and excess of the complex degree of mutual anisotropy module size distributions, the strength of the method of polarization-correlation microscopy in the differentiation of the samples of the histological sections of the brain of control and experimental groups reached a good level — 87%-90%. Conclusion. The method of complex degree of mutual anisotropy allows differentiating with great precision the genesis of hemorrhage into the substance of the brain.

Pengembangan Modul Fisika Berbasis OASIS Pada Materi Suhu dan Kalor Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis

This research aims to improve critical thinking skills by developing OASIS-based modules. The stages of the OASIS Model include concept orientation, concept analysis, concept synthesis, concept investigation and concept synergy. This type of research is development research. The subjects of the study were students of class X MIPA 1 of SMA Negeri 1 Jiwan, Madiun Regency. Data collection techniques were carried out by the method of tests, observations, and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used the Likert scale and the Guttman scale for the questionnaire and t-test for the test method. Product validation based on 4 aspects namely linguistic, content eligibility, OASIS assessment and presentation of material for material experts and 3 aspects namely module size, cover design, and content design for media experts. Based on the validation results of the developed learning module material, an average rating of 69.6% can be obtained with reasonable criteria (with revisions) and media experts obtained an average rating of 80% with decent criteria. N-Gain results from pretest and posttest obtained an average of 0.35 so as to get a moderate criterion (the ability to think critically increases). Thus the learning modules that have been developed are worthy of being used as teaching materials in learning physics in the Temperature and Heat material and can improve students' critical thinking skills.

Basic Performance of Natural Fiber Bevel Gears Made From Only Bamboo Fibers Extracted With a Machining Center

Metal gears can transmit large torque. The disadvantages associated with metal gears are the noise produced and necessity of lubricants. Plastic gears are advantageous because they are lightweight and can be used without lubricants. However, plastic gears have relatively low strengths and damaging environmental effects. We propose the development of a new type of gear that overcomes the disadvantages associated with metal and plastic gears whilst maintaining their advantages. To address environmental issues within manufacturing, it is particularly important to utilize sustainable and reproducible natural materials. Therefore, we devised a method for extracting high-quality and high-precision bamboo fibers using a machining center. Bamboo bevel gears, which are complex-shaped mechanical elements, were manufactured using the hot-pressing method. This paper outlines the performance and characteristics of the molded bamboo bevel gears. We investigated the degree of burning and strength of the bamboo fiber gears at various cutting and forming conditions. The results demonstrated that the degree of burning (black color) did not affect the gear strength, and the gear strength was at a maximum when the fiber length was 50% of the module size.

A decision support tool for planning module installation in industrial construction

PurposeProperly planned module installation on an industrial site is a critical factor in delivering a project safely, on time and within budget. Different sizes of heavy-duty mobile cranes are used to pick, swing and place the modules. Crane selection depends on module size and weight, as well as crane availability, location and configuration. Weeks can be spent in trial and error to prepare and improve module installation plans due to the large number of ways to install the modules on site, high crane operating costs and other crane-module constraints. A tool to automatically generate module installation plans is essential.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a novel heuristic-based methodology for planning and sequencing module installation on industrial construction sites that takes into account proposed technological constraints.FindingsCase studies are presented to demonstrate the ease and effectiveness of the developed methodology in planning module installations.Originality/valueOn a complex project, the tool can save time in preparing the installation plan, while also reducing the amount of crane supporting tasks (foundation preparation and crane movement).