On a perturbed analogue of the minimization method with the order of convergence 1+√2

The use of the perturbation operator to construct new modifications of Newton's method for solving minimization problems, in particular the Ulm method of split differences, Steffensen's method, is considered. and as a result of its work we obtain a sequence of points that converge to the solution point.

Solving Systems of Linear Equations Based on Approximation Solution Projection Analysis

The paper considers an iterative method for solving systems of linear equations (SLE), which applies multiple displacement of the approximation solution point in the direction of the final solution, simultaneously reducing the entire residual of the system of equations. The method reduces the requirements for the matrix of SLE. The following SLE property is used: the point is located farther from the system solution result compared to the point projection onto the equation. Developing the approach, the main emphasis is made on reduction of requirements towards the matrix of the system of equations, allowing for higher volume of calculations.

A Dissipative Momentum-Conserving Time Integration Algorithm for Nonlinear Structural Dynamics

A second-order accurate single-step time integration method for nonlinear structural dynamics is developed. The method combines algorithmic dissipation of higher modes and conservation of linear and angular momentum and is composed of two phases. In the first phase, a solution point is computed by a basic integration scheme, the generalized-[Formula: see text] method being adopted due to its higher level of high-frequency dissipation. In the second phase, a correction is hypothesized as a linear combination of the solution in the basic step and the gradient of vector components of the incremental linear and angular momentum. By solving a system composed of six linear equations, the searched for corrected solution in the time step is then provided. The novelty in the presented integration scheme lies in the way of imposing the conservation of linear and angular momentum. In fact, this imposition is carried out as a correction of the computed solution point in the time step and not through an enlarged system of equations of motion. To perform tests on plane and spatial motion of three-dimensional structural models, a small strains — finite rotations corotational formulation is also described.

Data Science and Analytics: An Overview from Data-Driven Smart Computing, Decision-Making and Applications Perspective

The digital world has a wealth of data, such as Internet of Things (IoT) data, business data, health data, mobile data, urban data, security data, and many more, in the current age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0 or 4IR). Extracting knowledge or useful insights from these data can be used for smart decision-making in various applications domains. In the area of data science, advanced analytics methods including machine learning modeling can provide actionable insights or deeper knowledge about data, which makes the computing process automatic and smart. In this paper, we present a comprehensive view on "Data Science'' including various types of advanced analytics methods that can be applied to enhance the intelligence and capabilities of an application through smart decision-making in different scenarios. We also discuss and summarize ten potential real-world application domains including business, healthcare, cybersecurity, urban and rural data science, and so on by taking into account data-driven smart computing and decision making. Based on this, we finally highlight the challenges and potential research directions within the scope of our study. Overall, this paper aims to serve as a reference point on data science and advanced analytics to the researchers and decision-makers as well as application developers, particularly from the data-driven solution point of view for real-world problems.

Highly Constrained University Class Scheduling using Ant Colony Optimization

Solving University Class Scheduling Problem (UCSP) is a complex real-world combinatorial optimization task that has been extensively studied over the last several decades. Many meta-heuristic based techniques, including prominent swarm intelligence (SI) methods have been investigated to solve it in different ways. In this study, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based two methods are investigated to solve UCSP: ACO based method and ACO with Selective Probability (ACOSP). ACO is the well-known SI method that differs from other SI based methods in the way of interaction among individuals (i.e., ants); and an ant interacts with others indirectly through pheromone to solve a given problem. ACO based method considers probabilistically all the unassigned time slots to select next solution point for a particular course assignment. In contrast, ACOSP probabilistically selects next solution point for a particular course assignment from the selective probabilities. Such selective probability employment with ACO improves performance but reduces computational cost. The performances of the proposed methods have been evaluated comparing with Genetic Algorithm (GA) in solving real-world simple UCSPs. In addition, proposed methods are compared with each other for solving highly constrained UCSPs. Both the proposed methods outperformed GA and ACOSP was the best to solve the given problems.

JPEG Images Encryption Scheme Using Elliptic Curves and A New S-Box Generated by Chaos

This paper proposes a new symmetric encryption system based on an elliptical curve and chaos, where the encryption is done in a single block and runs for 14 rounds. Here, the 15 encryption keys have the same size as the image and are generated using a solution point of a strong elliptic curve. Using a string of random numbers obtained with a logistic map, a permutation and its inverse are generated, which improve the encryption level and add diffusion to the cryptosystem. Another important contribution to this research is the generation of a substitution box with a non-linearity of 100, which strengthens the cryptosystem against differential and linear attacks that add confusion to the scheme. Moreover, the cryptographic properties of the proposed S-Box are compared with those of the S-Box of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to ascertain that it is a suitable alternative that it is resistant to differential power analysis (DPA) attacks. To verify the robustness of proposed cryptosystem against cryptanalysis and the quality of the cipher text obtained, this system is subjected to different tests, such as entropy, correlation coefficient, χ2, Changing Pixel Rate (NPCR), and Unified Averaged Changing Intensity (UACI). The results are shown and compared with recently proposed systems.

MIN-MAX SOLUTIONS FOR PARAMETRIC CONTINUOUS STATIC GAME UNDER ROUGHNESS (PARAMETERS IN THE COST FUNCTION AND FEASIBLE REGION IS A ROUGH SET)

Any simple perturbation in a part of the game whether in the cost function and/or conditions is a big problem because it will require a game re-solution to obtain the perturbed optimal solution. This is a waste of time because there are methods required several steps to obtain the optimal solution, then at the end we may find that there is no solution. Therefore, it was necessary to find a method to ensure that the game optimal solution exists in the case of a change in the game data. This is the aim of this paper. We first provided a continuous static game rough treatment with Min-Max solutions, then a parametric study for the processing game and called a parametric rough continuous static game (PRCSG). In a Parametric study, a solution approach is provided based on the parameter existence in the cost function that reflects the perturbation that may occur to it to determine the parameter range in which the optimal solution point keeps in the surely region that is called the stability set of the \(1^{st}\) kind. Also the sets of possible upper and lower stability to which the optimal solution belongs are characterized. Finally, numerical examples are given to clarify the solution algorithm.

Approximate Analytical Periodic Solutions to the Restricted Three-Body Problem with Perturbation, Oblateness, Radiation and Varying Mass

Against the background of a restricted three-body problem consisting of a supergiant eclipsing binary system, the two primaries are composed of a pair of bright oblate stars whose mass changes with time. The zero-velocity surface and curve of the problem are numerically studied to describe the third body’s motion area, and the corresponding five libration points are obtained. Moreover, the effect of small perturbations, Coriolis and centrifugal forces, radiative pressure, and the oblateness and mass parameters of the two primaries on the third body’s dynamic behavior is discussed through the bifurcation diagram. Furthermore, the second- and third-order approximate analytical periodic solutions around the collinear solution point L3 in two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional spaces are presented by using the Lindstedt-Poincaré perturbation method.

Research Traffic Congestion in Malta: An Analysis of the Attributes, Attitudes and Solutions

Congestion in Malta is now reaching epidemic levels, driven by the fact that the number of cars being registered on a daily basis has increased significantly, and there is no view that this scenario will attenuate. Due to our limited geographical landmass, and that fact that the population and the ratio of cars per person are both increasing, traffic congestion has become acute. It is therefore important to understand the underlying factors that are creating this phenomenon. Congestion is not a problem that can be attributed to Malta only, as many countries battle this issue on a daily basis. Understanding what causes congestion, what the solutions are, the relationship between said factors and congestion, as well as understanding which solutions could garner public support, are the underlying research aims of this study. The data for this study was gathered through a survey containing Likert scale responses (for both dependent and independent variables) to facilitate its quantitative analysis. In order to satisfy the objectives of this research, the strength or lack of correlation between these variables was tested to ensure that any conclusion derived is sound and statistically proven. The multivariate analysis comprises a Factor Analysis that identifies 4 key components, followed by a Linear Regression Analysis to test the correlation between these new composite factors and congestion factors. The results show a robust correlation which identifies political responsibility as the main driver of this societal daily wait in traffic until a destination is reached. These findings confirm the present situation Malta finds itself in and, from a solution point of view, there is no doubt that respondents want the government to make bold steps forward. However, due to the lack of support for any fiscal disincentive as a solution, no government has yet taken the leap of faith to promote a real solution beyond widening roads, commissioning surveys and acknowledging that there is a serious problem that requires a long-term solution.

TRPV1 activation stimulates NKCC1 and increases hydrostatic pressure in the mouse lens

The porcine lens response to a hyperosmotic stimulus involves an increase in the activity of an ion cotransporter sodium-potassium/two-chloride cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). Recent studies with agonists and antagonists pointed to a mechanism that appears to depend on activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channels. Here, we compare responses in lenses and cultured lens epithelium obtained from TRPV1−/− and wild type (WT) mice. Hydrostatic pressure (HP) in lens surface cells was determined using a manometer-coupled microelectrode approach. The TRPV1 agonist capsaicin (100 nM) caused a transient HP increase in WT lenses that peaked after ∼30 min and then returned toward baseline. Capsaicin did not cause a detectable change of HP in TRPV1−/− lenses. The NKCC inhibitor bumetanide prevented the HP response to capsaicin in WT lenses. Potassium transport was examined by measuring Rb+ uptake. Capsaicin increased Rb+ uptake in cultured WT lens epithelial cells but not in TRPV1−/− cells. Bumetanide, A889425, and the Akt inhibitor Akti prevented the Rb+ uptake response to capsaicin. The bumetanide-sensitive (NKCC-dependent) component of Rb+ uptake more than doubled in response to capsaicin. Capsaicin also elicited rapid (<2 min) NKCC1 phosphorylation in WT but not TRPV1−/− cells. HP recovery was shown to be absent in TRPV1−/− lenses exposed to hyperosmotic solution. Bumetanide and Akti prevented HP recovery in WT lenses exposed to hyperosmotic solution. Taken together, responses to capsaicin and hyperosmotic solution point to a functional role for TRPV1 channels in mouse lens. Lack of NKCC1 phosphorylation and Rb+ uptake responses in TRPV1−/− mouse epithelium reinforces the notion that a hyperosmotic challenge causes TRPV1-dependent NKCC1 activation. The results are consistent with a role for the TRPV1-activated signaling pathway leading to NKCC1 stimulation in lens osmotic homeostasis.