scholarly journals Stabilitas hasil dan adaptabilitas galur-galur harapan kacang Bogor di tiga lokasi

Kultivasi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Budi Waluyo

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1.  Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan  rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t  ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords:  adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability 

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Datta ◽  
G. S. Yadav ◽  
S. Chakraborty

North east hilly eco-region of India is characterized by highly undulating topography and fragile ecology. Here the cultivation of rice on upland and medium land is not a profitable venture to farmers. Therefore, to find out alternative crop with high yield potential cultivars a three year field study from 2008 to 2010 on agronomic evaluation of groundnut cultivars under sub-tropical climate of North East hilly Agro-ecological region was carried out. The experiment consists of fourteen groundnut cultivars (V<sub>1</sub>- ICGS-76, V<sub>2</sub>- GG-2, V<sub>3</sub>- GG-13,V<sub>4</sub>-TG 37 A, V<sub>5</sub>-FeESG-10, V<sub>6</sub>-FeESG-8,V<sub>7</sub>-K-134,V<sub>8</sub>-GG-6,V<sub>9</sub>-SB XI, V<sub>10</sub> GG-11,V<sub>11</sub>-KAUSHAL,V<sub>12</sub>-GG-4,V<sub>13</sub>-GG-2,V<sub>14</sub>-GG-8) as treatment in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Results revealed that highest plant dry weight was produced by cultivar “KAUSHAL” (32.99 g/plant), while lowest was recorded with cultivar “FeESG-10” (16.32 g/plant). However, the highest numbers of pod (25.32) were observed with “ICGS-76”. Cultivar GG-11 had produced highest pod and seed weight (34.80 g/plant and 20.62 g/plant, respectively) as compared to other cultivars, while lowest pod and seed weight (8.96 g/plant and 6.39 g/plant, respectively) with “FeESG-8”. Maximum pod yield (2.06t/ha) was produced by GG-11 cultivars, although highest stover yield (2.37 t/ha) was produced in cultivar KAUSHAL. Cultivar GG-11 had also recorded highest shelling percentage. Therefore, it is suggested that GG-11 a better option for substituting the upland and medium land rice during kharif season for enhancing the farmer’s income.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD FAUZAN FARID ALHAMDI ◽  
Asep Setiawan ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Wai Kuan Ho

Abstract. Alhamdi MFF, Setiawan A, Ilyas S, Ho WK. 2020. Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: The morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3929-3937. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is a potential grain, which can be considered as an alternative source of protein and carbohydrate. Due to unavailability of commercial bambara groundut cultivar in Indonesia, the characterization of bambara groundnut landraces is an important step before developing cultivar with traits of interest. The objective of the research was to access genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with different seed coat colors based on morphological and molecular markers. The experiment was arranged as split-plot in a complete randomized block design with the main plot was cultivation methods and the sub plot was landraces. There were differences in leaf shape and pod shape among the landraces. There were two main clusters of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with 88.28% similarity. The first cluster was Cream, Brown Sumedang, Black Sumedang and Black Tasikmalaya, and the second cluster was Black Sukabumi, Brown Gresik, Black Madura, and Black Gresik. The result based on SSR marker with capillary electrophoresis indicated Black Gresik and Black Madura landraces were different from other Indonesian landraces.  Cream Sumedang or Brown Sumedang from the first cluster and Black Gresik or Brown Gresik from the second cluster have the farthest distances for developing improved variety of bambara groundnut.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Amzeri ◽  
◽  
B.S. DARYONO ◽  
M. SYAFII ◽  
◽  
...  

The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P < 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi > 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.


Author(s):  
La Ode Afa ◽  
Bambang S. Purwoko ◽  
A. Junaedi ◽  
Oteng Haridjaja ◽  
Iswari S. Dewi

Two experiments were conducted at (i) irrigated lowland, village of Bojong, Cikembar, Sukabumi Sub-district, Indonesia, from November 2011 to February 2012, and (ii) rain-fed lowland, village of Sanca, Gantar sub-district, Indramayu, Indonesia, from April to July 2012. The objective of the experiment was to determine the yield of drought-tolerant hybrid rice genotypes. A randomized block design with three replications was used. The treatment consisted of 8 hybrid rice genotypes (BI485A/BP3, BI485A/BP5, BI485A/BP10, BI485A/BP12, BI485A/BP15, BI599A/BP5, BI599A/BP15 and BI665A/BP6) and 2 check varieties (Hipa 7 and Ciherang) for the experiment in irrigated lowland, 4 hybrid genotypes (BI485A/BP3, BI485A/BP12, BI485A/BP15 and BI599A/BP15) and 3 check varieties (Hipa 7, IR64 and Limboto) for the experiment in rain-fed lowland. On irrigated lowland, all tested-genotypes produced grain yield per hectare, which was not significantly different from the check varieties Ciherang and HIPA 7. The yield of genotype BI485A/BP12, BI485A/BP15 and BI559A/BP15 under irrigated lowland showed non-significant different with check varieties Ciherang and Hipa 7, i.e 5.63, 6.87, and 6.30 tons ha-1, respectively. Genotype BI599A/BP15 under severe drought rain-fed lowland yielded 0.90 tons of grain ha-1, whereas Hipa 7 (hybrid variety, suitable for rain-fed lowland) and Limboto (drought-tolerant check variety) reached 0.34 and 0.29 tons ha-1, respectively. Genotype BI599A/BP15 is a new hybrid genotype that potential for advanced development in rain-fed lowland and in irrigated lowland with a high yield potential and quiet early-maturity age.


Akta Agrosia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Sahri Yono ◽  
Reny Herawati ◽  
Hesti Pujiwati

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important crops commodity in Indonesia because it is the main staple for the people of Indonesia but currently,  in Indonesia, the production of rice is still not maximal so it can not meet the demand of Indonesian people for national food needs. Therefore, it is necessary for rice plants that have high production and tolerant to various stresses. Plant breeding  is one of the ways that can be done to increase the production of rice, one of which is the method of cross-recurring selection. Genetic diversity is a variation of characteristics that are inherited in the same species population. This study aims to obtain information about genetic diversity and agro-morphological characters of 50 genotypes rice derived from the recurrent selection. This research was conducted from August until December 2017 in Rawa Makmur Village, Bengkulu Province with the height of place from sea level ± 2 m. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 replications. The seeds used were 50 genotypes of rice from previous cross-selection results from Bugis/N-22 crossbreeds, Bugis/IR-7858-1, Sriwijaya/N-148, Sriwijaya/IR-7858-1. The results showed that the genetic diversity of rice is quite narrow to moderate, but there are some rice characters that have medium to high heritability value that was plant height, harvesting age, flowering age, the total number of tillers and panicle length, so that character can be used for the next generation rice selection. The genotypes produced by Bugis/IR-7858-1 crosses have panicle length, filled grain per panicle, and high grain weight/hill resulting in high yield potential.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
NFN Kusmana ◽  
Rinda Kirana ◽  
Astiti Rahayu

<p>Uji adaptasi dilakukan untuk mengestimasi interaksi antara Genotipe dengan Lingkungan, sehingga dapat ditentukan apakah genotipe yang diuji adaptif pada lingkungan yang spesifik atau stabil pada lingkungan yang luas. Tujuan pengujian ialah mendapatkan informasi tentang stabilitas hasil cabai hibrida yang ditanam pada tiga lokasi di Jawa Barat. Pengujian ditata dengan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak pada tiga lokasi pengujian yaitu di Kab. Bandung, Kab. Bandung Barat dan Kab. Garut. Populasi tanaman untuk tiap-tiap plot penelitian ialah 30 tanaman  dengan empat ulangan. Hasil analisis ragam gabungan terlihat bahwa nilai kuadrat tengah genotipe lebih tinggi dari nilai kwadrat tengah interaksi genotipe x lingkungan hal ini memberikan indikasi bahwa pengaruh genetik lebih dominan dibandingkan faktor lingkungan. Varietas (genotipe) yang diuji berbeda sangat nyata sehingga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan potensi hasil diantara varietas dan terjadi interaksi antara genotipe dengan lingkungan. Genotipe stabil berdasarkan perhitungan MSTATC ialah H-1 dan  Cosmos. Genotipe Batalion dan Merona tidak stabil karena nilai T hitung lebih besar dari T tabel sementara Genotipe H 2 dan Hot Beauty tidak stabil karena hasil dibawah rerata. Implikasi dari penelitian ialah didapatkan informasi genotipe cabai yang stabil pada agroekosistem dataran tinggi Jawa Barat.  </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Genotipe cabai hibrida (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>); Adaptasi; Stabilitas; Jawa Barat</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>An adaptation test was carried out to estimate the interaction between genotypes and the environment, to be able to determine whether the genotypes tested were adaptable in a specific or stable in a wide range of environments. The objective of this study were to obtain the stability level of the hybrid chili tested at three highland West Java locations. The study was arranged using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatment consisted of six hybrid chili genotypes tested at three test locations, i.e. West Bandung District, Bandung District, and Garut District. The experimental unit was a plot containing 30 plants. Results showed that the combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the mean square of the genotype was higher than that of genotype x environment interaction, indicating that the genetic effect was more dominant than that of environmental factors. Genotypes tested were highly significant (p &lt; 0.01) indicating difference yield potential among the genotypes tested. There was a significant interaction between the genotype with that of the environment. The stable genotypes determined based on MSTATC analysis obtained two stable genotypes, i.e. H-1 and Cosmos. Genotypes Batalion and Merona, on the other hand were not stable because the T value counted was greater than that of T table. The genotypes H-2 and Hot Beauty were also found not stable because of low yield performances. The implication of this research was that the stable hybrid chili genotypes obtained from this study can be recommended to be registered as candidates as chili paper new varieties.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Ahmad - Muliadi

Tungro disease is one of the important diseases of rice because it has a high potential for causing damage. The use of varieties resistant to the tungro disease effectively prevent an explosion tungro disease. Testing of promising lines resistant to the tungro at several locations is a stage in the breeding program before a line is released as a new variety that has resistance to tungro disease, as well as having the potential for high yields and good adaptation at several locations. Six of tungro resistant promising line (OBSTG02-137, OBSTG02-124, OBSTG02154, OBSTG02-130, OBSTG02-56, dan OBSTG02-37) and four check varieties (Inpari 9 Elo, Tukad Unda, Ciherang, and IR64) were evaluated for their yield potential and adaptability at 16 locations in tungro endemic area during the dry season of 2011-2013. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 3 replications. Each line were transplanted in 4 m x 5 m plot size with plant spacing 25 cm x 25 cm. Observation were made on yield, 50% flowering date, plant heights, panicle number per hill, number filled and unfilled spikelets per panicle, and weigh of 1000 grains in gram. The results showed that effect of genotype x location interaction was significantly different for all component observed. Based on the performance of grain yield and yield components obtained, four lines i.e. OBSTG02-137 (6.74 t/ha), OBSTG02-124 (6.20 t/ha), OBSTG02-154 (6.37 t/ha ), and OBSTG02-130 (5,92 t/ha) has a high yield with the support of filled grain number and weight of 1000 seeds is high. Based on the combined value of bi and the general average of yield, then line OBSTG02-137, OBSTG02-154, and OBSTG02-130 were suitable to adapt to all environments, OBSTG02-124 is adapted in an optimal environment, OBSTG02-56 and OBSTG02-37 were adapted to the less productive environment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana ◽  
Anak Agung Ketut Sudarmawan ◽  
Dan Bambang Budi Santoso

Study on the effect of heterosis is important in order to find potential parent for creating a new superior variety. This research was aimed to study the phenotipic expression of F1 and heterosis on agronomics characters some crossed red rice. Experiment was done at a paddy field in Nyurlembang, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara during August–November 2016, and it was arranged in a randomized block design of 12 genotypes as treatment with five replications. Genotypes evaluated were Fatmawati, IPB3S, G9(F2BC4P19-36), F1-Fatmawati/Inpago Unram-I, F1-Fatmawati/G9, F1-IPB 3S/Inpago Unram-I, F1-IPB 3S/G9, F1-Inpago Unram-I/Fatmawati, F1-G9/Fatmawati, F1-Inpago Unram-I/IPB 3S, and F1-G9/IPB 3S. The results showed that based on the F1 phenotipic performances and heterosis on grain weight per hills, yield, 1000 grain weight, number of grain per panicle, length of panicle, number of productive tiller per hill, and time of flowering, there were three genotypes that had a semi ideal type of red rice with high yield potential. The genotypes were F1-Fat/G9, F1-Inpago Unram-I/IPB 3S, and F1-IPB 3S/Inpago Unram-I.<br /><br />Keywords: diversity, agronomic, yield, red rice<br /><br />


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Hermalina Sinay ◽  
Jonetha Tanrobak

In the plant breeding program, selection is one process which aimed to obtain some varieties with superior traits. Within this process, one of criteria that must be consider is the wide genetic diversity of the plant which was selected, and how these traits are inherited. The purpose of this research was to determine (1) the influence of cultivar differences and the colchicine concentration towards the growth and production of local corn cultivar from Kisar Island Maluku, (2) to determine the heritability of growth and production variables after induced with colchicine. Completely randomized block design  was used in this research with factorial design that consist of two factors i.e corn cultivar and colchicine concentration. The research procedure starts from field and seed preparation, immersion of seed into the colchicine solution, transplantation of seed into the field, plant maintenance, and  harvesting. The variable measured including growth and production variables of corn. The analysis of variance showed a significant effect of cultivar differences on all growth and production variables (p value > 0.05), while colchicine concentration only showed a significant effect toward the plant height and number of seed per ear.  The heritability analysis result showed that all variables observed were in high category. The different corn cultivars have a significant effect on all the growth and production, while the colchicine concentration only affect the plant height and number of seed per ear, and the heritability were in high category.  This research provides useful information to farmers how to use colchicine to trigger plant growth and production. It can be used as an information in selecting corn cultivars with high yield potential.


Author(s):  
Kadapa Sreenivasa Reddy ◽  
Ch. Pulla Rao ◽  
M. Martin Luther ◽  
P. R. K. Prasad

Aims: To evaluate the effect of manures in combination with biofertilizers consortium on  yield and rhizosphere biota in rice fallow sorghum Study Design: The experiment was laid in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and replicated thrice. Place and Duration of Study: At Agricultural college farm, Agricultural college, Bapatla during Rabi, 2018-19. Methodology: After the preliminary layout, Bio-fertilizer consortium contains 500ml each of Azospirillum, PSB and KRB in liquid form had been applied per acre along with Vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 is used as carrier. A high yielding hybrid CSH-16 with a yield potential of 5 to 8 t ha-1 and matures in 110-120 days. Sowing was done manually by using a seed rate of 12 kg ha­­-1 and adopting a spacing of 45 cm x 15 cm raised well in advance in their respective treatments. Results: Yield attributes, Grain yield and stover yields were obtained maximum with 125% RDF+ Biofertilizers consortium which was on par with 100% RDF+ Biofertilizers consortium. In case of Bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population were also influenced significantly at harvest compared to initial population of the observed soil and recorded the highest population with 125% RDF+ Biofertilizers consortium treatment. Conclusion: The fertilizer requirement with application of 125% RDF+ Biofertilizer can be recommended for coastal region of A.P under rice fallow rabi sorghum in no till conditions. As it resulted in high yield attributes, yields and significant improvement in rhizosphere biota for soil health enhancement.


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