MODELING THE FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE QUADRATURE THREE-LOOP L-BAND WAVELENGTH BRIDGE

Представлены результаты численного моделирования частотныххарактеристик квадратурного трехшлейфового моста (КШМ) L-диапазона, выполненного на основе симметричной полосковой линии с воздушным заполнением. Цель работы - установление допустимого уровня вносимых тепловых потерь полосковых линий (или других типов линий передачи), не оказывающих заметного влияния на рабочие характеристики КШМ, удовлетворяющие требуемым параметрам. Метод расчета основан на принципе декомпозиции электрической цепи КШМ на шесть симметричных 6-полюсников, три из которых соответствуют нечетной моде возбуждения КШМ, а три других - четной моде возбуждения КШМ. Алгебраическое суммирование матриц рассеяния указанных мод позволило получить частотные характеристики результирующей S-матрицы рассеяния КШМ. Нормирование S-матрицы к стандартному волновому сопротивлению 50 Ом выполнено с помощью вычисления собственных значений матриц рассеяния эквивалентных 4-полюсников КШМ. Моделирование проведено в среде LabVIEW. The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of the frequency characteristics of the L-range quadrature three-loop bridge (QLB), based on the symmetric striped line with air filling. The purpose of the study is to establish the permissible level of introduced thermal losses of strip lines (or other types of transmission lines) that do not significantly affect the performance characteristics of the QLB, satisfying the required parameters. The calculation method is based on the principle of decomposition of the QLB electric circuit into six symmetric 6-poles, three of which correspond to the odd excitation mode of the QLB, and the other three correspond to the even excitation mode of the QLB. Algebraic summation of the scattering matrices of these modes made it possible to obtain frequency characteristics of the resulting S-scattering matrix of the qLb. The normalization of the S-matrix to the standard wave resistance of 50 Ohms was carried out using the calculation of the eigenvalues of the scattering matrices of equivalent 4-poles of the QLB. The simulation was carried out in the LabVIEW environment.

WAVE OVERTOPPING TESTS TO DETERMINE TROPICAL GRASS SPECIES AND TOPSOILS FOR POLDER DIKES IN A TROPICAL COUNTRY

A dike or levee will protect a polder to build in a tropical country against coastal flooding. To ensure that the performance of the dike is in accordance with the safety standard, wave overtopping tests with a wave overtopping simulator have been performed on a mock-up dike. These wave overtopping tests will guide the selection of the grass species and topsoil for the grass cover of the landward side of the dike. The paper describes the design of a new dedicated wave overtopping simulator, the construction of the mock-up dike, the results of the eight tests on the mock-up dike and the critical velocities (strength indicator of the grass cover) established with the cumulative overload method.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/MCuKojNyNyQ

Eletroterapia em úlceras venosas: uma revisão integrativa

Objetivos: Descrever e analisar as evidências científicas encontradas na literatura sobre o uso da eletroterapiano reparo tecidual de úlceras venosas. Método: Revisão integrativa nas bases de dados: LILACS e MEDLINE viaPUBMED, utilizando os descritores: terapia por estimulação elétrica, úlceras venosas e cicatrização. Após a seleção,foi realizada leitura analítica, destacando: ano, título, local, autor, objetivos, método e resultados. A qualidade dosestudos foi avaliada de acordo com o Centro de Medicina Baseada em Evidências Oxford quanto ao nível de evidênciae grau de recomendação. Para análise, optou-se pela categorização temática. Resultados: Existem diferentes tiposde eletroterapias, porém não existe um padrão ouro de forma de onda e frequência de estimulação que seja omais efetivo; os estudos incluídos apresentaram resultados benéficos do uso da eletroterapia, bem como eficáciana redução do quadro álgico dos indivíduos com poucas semanas de intervenção. Conclusões: A eletroterapiaapresenta bons resultados na cicatrização de úlceras venosas, porém ainda existem lacunas importantes queprecisam ser preenchidas sobre seu uso, gerando uma demanda por estudos clínicos controlados para melhorverificar sua efetividade.Palavras-chave: Terapia por estimulação elétrica; Úlceras venosas; Cicatrização. ABSTRACTObjectives: To describe and analyze the scientific evidence in the literature on the use of electrotherapy fortissue repair venous ulcers. Method: Integrative review in databases: LILACS and MEDLINE via PubMed, using thekeywords: electrical stimulation therapy, venous ulcers and healing. After selecting analytical reading was held,highlighting: year, title, location, author, objectives, methods and results. Study quality was assessed accordingto the Medical Center Evidence-based Oxford as level of evidence and grade of recommendation. For analysisopted up the thematic categorization. Results: There are different types of electrotherapies, but there is nogold standard wave form and stimulation frequency that is the most effective; the included studies showedbeneficial results of the use of electrotherapy and efficacy in the pain reduction of individuals with few weeksof intervention. Conclusions: Electrotherapy gives good results in the healing of venous ulcers, but there are stillimportant gaps that need to be filled on its use, generating a demand for controlled clinical studies to furtherverify its effectiveness.Keywords: Electrical stimulation therapy; Venous ulcers; Healing.

Breaking the Waves: Innovating at the Intersections of Economic Development

State and local economic development is often conceptualized as a series of successive waves, with each wave representing distinct policy priorities. In this study, we rework the standard wave metaphor to recognize the gains for regional economies when practitioners reach across established boundaries to work together to create a strategy mix. We present a case from North Carolina biosciences to demonstrate the contribution to regional industrial specialization when specialists combine their respective knowledge of entrepreneurship and industrial recruitment and coordinate development practice. More than an adjustment to tightening budget constraints or intensifying political demand, strategy mixing allows practitioners to extend and capture greater gains from state support for innovation. This case study provides an illustrative example for how other regions can advance innovative industry by bringing seemingly distinct development tools and targets into closer alignment.

Quantum mechanical reality according to Copenhagen 2.0

The long-standing conceptual controversies concerning the interpretation of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics are argued, on one hand, to be due to its incompleteness, as affirmed by Einstein. But on the other hand, it appears to be possible to complete it at least partially, as Bohr might have appreciated it, in the framework of its standard mathematical formalism with observables as appropriately defined self-adjoint operators. This completion of quantum mechanics is based on the requirement on laboratory physics to be effectively confined to a bounded space region and on the application of the von Neumann deficiency theorem to properly define a set of self-adjoint extensions of standard observables, e.g. the momenta and the Hamiltonian, in terms of certain isometries on the region boundary. This is formalized mathematically in the setting of a boundary ontology for the so-called Qbox in which the wave function acquires a supplementary dependence on a set of Additional Boundary Variables (ABV). It is argued that a certain geometric subset of the ABV parametrizing Quasi-Periodic Translational Isometries (QPTI) has a particular physical importance by allowing for the definition of an ontic wave function, which has the property of epitomizing the spatial wave function “collapse.” Concomitantly the standard wave function in an unbounded geometry is interpreted as an epistemic wave function, which together with the ontic QPTI wave function gives rise to the notion of two-wave duality, replacing the standard concept of wave-particle duality. More generally, this approach to quantum physics in a bounded geometry provides a novel analytical basis for a better understanding of several conceptual notions of quantum mechanics, including reality, nonlocality, entanglement and Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation. The scope of this analysis may be seen as a foundational update of the multiple versions 1.x of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, which is sufficiently incremental so as to be appropriately characterized as Copenhagen 2.0.

Study of Shaking Table Test on Seismic Performance of 750 kV Post Insulator

The applicability of seismic waves for the seismic performance estimation of 750 kV post insulator has been investigated in full-scale shaking table test. the input seismic waves comprise El Centro seismic wave, Landers seismic wave, sine beat wave and artificial standard wave. The testing results indicate that, high dynamic responses of the equipment can be obtained under artificial standard wave condition. In addition, due to comprehensive enveloping ability and gentle spectral curve, artificial standard wave is ideal for the seismic performance evaluation of 750 kV post insulator in the test. An finite element model has been developed and numerical seismic analysis has been performed. Satisfactory match between the simulated and measured results reveals the reliability of the test. The achievements obtained in this paper are helpful in choosing reasonable input wave for shaking table test, and also provide technical support on determining seismic capacity of high voltage electrical equipment.