EFEKTIVITAS PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA TERHADAP PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SUNGGUMINASA KELAS IB

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji efektivitas pembagian harta bersama terhadap perceraian di pengadilan agama sungguminasa kelas IB. Jenis penelitian hukum normative. Jenis data sekunder yaitu Putusan Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Gowa Nomor 79/Pdt.G/2017/Pa.Sgm. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum Studi Kepustakaan. Analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efektivitas pembagian harta Bersama berasarkan putusan nomor 79/PDT.G/2017/PA. SGM telah efektif yang ditunjau berdasar kedudukan Hukum (legal standing) yang diperoleh penggugat serta partisipasi Pemerintah dan Aparat dalam membantu penggugat mendapatkan haknya efektif karena telah memenuhi mekanisme hukum yang ada. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pembagian harta bersama terhadap perceraian pada putusan nomor 79/PDT.G/2017/PA. SGM meliputi pada factor sosiologi yaitu penetapan putusan dan adanya pendukung seperti fasilitas. Sedangkan factor psikologi meliputi pada ketidakadilan ini sangat berkaitan dengan pola padang suami selaku penanggungjawab keluarga terhadap istri selaku ibu rumah tangga serta pengaruh budaya dan ideologi yang menjadi pertimbangan dalam memberikan hak seorang istri. The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the sharing of joint assets on divorce in the class IB sungguminasa religion court. This study is normative legal research. The type of secondary data is the Decision of the Religion Court of Gowa Regency Number 79 / PDT. G / 2017 / Pa. Sgm. The technique of collecting legal materials used in this research is Library Research. The data analysis used is qualitative analysis. The results showed the effectiveness of sharing joint assets based on decision number 79 / PDT.G / 2017 / PA. SGM has been effective based on the legal standing obtained by the plaintiff and the participation of the Government and the Apparatus in helping the plaintiff get his / her rights effectively because it has fulfilled the existing legal mechanisms. The factors that affect the effectiveness of the sharing of joint assets include sociological factors, namely the decision making and the existence of supporters such as facilities. While the psychological factor covering this injustice is closely related to the perspective of the husband as the head of the family and the wife as a housewife, as well as the influence of culture and ideology that are considered in giving the rights of a wife.

MHC Class Ia Empowers MHC Class Ib-restricted CD8+ T Cells with Strong Tumoricidal Capacity

The tumoricidal effects of CD8+T cells are well acknowledged, but how MHC Ib-restricted CD8+T (Ib-CD8+T) cells contribute to anti-tumor immunity remains obscure. Here, we show that infusion of MHC Ia+ cells to Kb-/-Db-/- mice induced the expansion of Ib-CD8+T cells in tumors and potently inhibited tumor progression. Such priming of Ib-CD8+T cells by MHC-Ia is not MHC haplotype restricted and MHC Ia tetramers alone can prime Ib-CD8+T cells for activation. The MHC Ia priming promoted Tbet expression in Ib-CD8+T cells and in absence of Tbet, such priming effect diminished. Importantly, these tumoricidal Ib-CD8+T cells are positive for CX3CR1, and exhibit rapid proliferation, high expression of cytotoxic factors, and prolonged persistence at tumor sites. Adoptive transfer of CX3CR1+Ib-CD8+T cells to wild type mice resulted in potent anti-tumor effects. Our findings unravel an uncharacterized function of MHC Ia molecules in immunoregulation and raise the possibility of using Ib-CD8+T cells in tumor immunotherapy.

Phosphatidylinositol kinases in GtoPdb v.2021.3

Phosphatidylinositol may be phosphorylated at either 3- or 4- positions on the inositol ring by PI 3-kinases or PI 4-kinases, respectively.Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinasesPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K, provisional nomenclature) catalyse the introduction of a phosphate into the 3-position of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP) or phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). There is evidence that PI3K can also phosphorylate serine/threonine residues on proteins. In addition to the classes described below, further serine/threonine protein kinases, including ATM (Q13315) and mTOR (P42345), have been described to phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol and have been termed PI3K-related kinases. Structurally, PI3Ks have common motifs of at least one C2, calcium-binding domain and helical domains, alongside structurally-conserved catalytic domains. wortmannin and LY 294002 are widely-used inhibitors of PI3K activities. wortmannin is irreversible and shows modest selectivity between Class I and Class II PI3K, while LY294002 is reversible and selective for Class I compared to Class II PI3K.Class I PI3Ks (EC 2.7.1.153) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and are heterodimeric, matching catalytic and regulatory subunits. Class IA PI3Ks include p110α, p110β and p110δ catalytic subunits, with predominantly p85 and p55 regulatory subunits. The single catalytic subunit that forms Class IB PI3K is p110γ. Class IA PI3Ks are more associated with receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, while the Class IB PI3K is linked more with GPCR signalling.Class II PI3Ks (EC 2.7.1.154) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol to generate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (and possibly phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate). Three monomeric members exist, PI3K-C2α, β and β, and include Ras-binding, Phox homology and two C2 domains.The only class III PI3K isoform (EC 2.7.1.137) is a heterodimer formed of a catalytic subunit (VPS34) and regulatory subunit (VPS15).Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinasesPhosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (EC 2.7.1.67) generate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and may be divided into higher molecular weight type III and lower molecular weight type II forms.

Improving Vocabulary Mastery Javanese Of Ib Class Through Index Card Match Model

Most of the class IB students have difficulty in using and understanding Javanese vocabulary because students are not accustomed to using Javanese in their daily life. This Classroom Action Research aims to describe the increase in Javanese vocabulary mastery of class IB students at SD Negeri Jetis I for the 2018/2019 academic year through the Index Card Match learning model. Collecting data using the instrument of teacher and student activity observation sheets and student learning outcomes tests. The results of this study indicate that the increase in the average value of the first cycle class is 65 and the second cycle is 77 and the achievement of the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) for the first cycle the average value is 54% and for the second cycle the average value is 75%. Through the Index Card Match learning model, students carry out more focused activities, students' attention becomes more focused on learning objects, students more fluently answer the meaning of vocabulary from Javanese to Indonesian or vice versa.

Effectiveness of The Implementation of Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 Year 2016 on Divorce Settlement

The focus of this research is the effectiveness of implementing Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016 concerning the Mediation Process in the Court in the settlement of divorce cases at the Donggala’s Religious Court Class IB. The aim is to determine the implementation and effectiveness as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 in the settlement of divorce cases. This research is a qualitative with a case study. The data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation to the parties in the relevant research locations. The results of this study indicate that the Donggala Religious Court Class IB has implemented the practice of implementing mediation in accordance with the provisions of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016. However, the results of its implementation show that its effectiveness is still very small; this is evidenced by the high number of divorces each year. From the data on the number of divorces, it shows that divorce tends to increase which is dominated by divorce due to continuous disputes.

HDX-MS optimized approach to characterize nanobodies as tools for biochemical and structural studies of class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinases

There is considerable interest in developing antibodies as modulators of signaling pathways. One of the most important signaling pathways in higher eukaryotes is the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which plays fundamental roles in growth, metabolism and immunity. The class IB PI3K, PI3Kγ, is a heterodimeric complex composed of a catalytic p110γ subunit bound to a p101 or p84 regulatory subunit. PI3Kγ is a critical component in multiple immune signaling processes and is dependent on activation by Ras and GPCRs to mediate its cellular roles. Here we describe the rapid and efficient characterization of multiple PI3K single chain camelid nanobodies using hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) for structural and biochemical studies. This allowed us to identify nanobodies that stimulated lipid kinase activity, blocked Ras activation and specifically inhibited p101-mediated GPCR activation. Overall, this reveals novel insight into PI3Kγ regulation and identifies sites that may be exploited for therapeutic development.