Thyroiditis, Goiter, Thyroid Nodules, and Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine conditions encountered in clinical practice. Persons of either sex and any age can be affected, although almost all forms of thyroid disease are more frequent in women than in men, and many thyroid ailments increase in incidence with age. The presentation of thyroid conditions can range from clinically obvious to clinically silent. Their consequences can be widespread and serious, even life-threatening. With proper testing, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis can be established with certainty, and effective treatments can be instituted for almost all patients. This review contains 1 figure, 7 tables, and 31 references. Key Words: Hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, Thyrotropin, celiac disease, vitiligo, pernicious anemia, Sjögren syndrome, Graves disease, Munchausen syndrome

Thyroiditis, Goiter, Thyroid Nodules, and Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine conditions encountered in clinical practice. Persons of either sex and any age can be affected, although almost all forms of thyroid disease are more frequent in women than in men, and many thyroid ailments increase in incidence with age. The presentation of thyroid conditions can range from clinically obvious to clinically silent. Their consequences can be widespread and serious, even life-threatening. With proper testing, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis can be established with certainty, and effective treatments can be instituted for almost all patients. This review contains 1 figure, 7 tables, and 31 references. Key Words: Hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, Thyrotropin, celiac disease, vitiligo, pernicious anemia, Sjögren syndrome, Graves disease, Munchausen syndrome

STUDY OF SERUM ELECTROLYTES IMBALANCES IN FEMALE THYROID PATIENTS AT AIIMS, PATNA: A HOSPITAL BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY.

Objectives: This present study was to compare the serum electrolytes (Na, K and Cl) imbalances in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism with euthyroidism female cases. Methods: A detail history, clinical examinations and relevant investigations were performed to all female thyroid cases. Thyroid hormones were estimated by chemiluminiscence method using Siemens Advia Centaur XP instrument. Electrolyte levels (Na+, k+ & Cl-) were measured by ion selective electrode method using Eschweiler combi. Results: Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS (version 26) software. Paired samples statistics was used. Mean ± standard deviation and t value were calculated. P value was taken less than or equal to 0.05 (p ≤ 0.05) for significant differences. Conclusions: This present study concluded that electrolytes sodium, potassium and chloride levels were significantly reduced in hypothyroidism female cases compared to euthyroids female (controls). This suggests that hypothyroid patients should be regularly checked for serum electrolytes. Early detection and treatment can prevent the further complications related to the disorder and will be helpful during the management of thyroid patients. Key words: Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism, electrolytes.

A CASE STUDY ON HYPOTHYROIDISM IN CHHATTISGARH

Hypothyroidism in Chhattisgarh (India) is almost the second most common disease in middle aged and old aged females. First may be Diabetes / Hypertension / Arthritis / Osteoporosis. Hypothyroidism is caused due to under functioning Thyroid gland may be due to primary or secondary causes. The Etiology is still a mystery & is unknown but having strong relation with genetics as well as the environmental pollution, food habits & autoimmunity. The Thyroid gland regulates the metabolism of the body through the release of T3, T4 hormones & have a negative feedback of TSH hormone. A case study was conducted on 70 patients from “Sai Kripa Clinic” Main Road Katora Talab Raipur , Chattisgarh, India. Key words: Hypothyroidism, Autoimmune Disease, Obesity, Arthritis.

Sub Clinical Hypothyroidism is Associated with Low Grade Inflammation High Plasma Fibrinogen Levels and High Atherothrombotic Potentiality

Key words: Hypothyroidism; C-reactive protein; plasma fibrinogen; cardiovascular disease; lipidsDOI: 10.3329/jcmcta.v21i2.7730 Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 2010: 21(2):11-15