Systemic Minoxidil Accidental Exposure in a Paediatric Population: A Case Series Study of Cutaneous and Systemic Side Effects

Oral minoxidil is an approved treatment for high blood pressure which is also used as an off-label drug for alopecia. Knowledge about the effects of systemic minoxidil in the paediatric population is limited. A retrospective case series study of paediatric patients with history of systemic minoxidil intake due to contaminated sets of omeprazole was performed to describe side effects of high dose oral minoxidil intake in children. Twenty patients aged between 2 months and 13 years joined the study. They had received high doses of oral minoxidil (mean dose 0.90 mg/kg/day) during a mean time of 38.3 days. Hypertrichosis appeared in 65%, with a mean latency time of 24.31 days. Treatment time was associated with the appearance of hypertrichosis (p < 0.05). Most common initial zone of hypertrichosis was the face. Systemic effects developed in 15%, with no cases of severe disorders. The present study shows a novel insight into the side effects of high doses of oral minoxidil in children.

Metronidazole Loaded Polycaprolactone-Carbopol blends Based Biodegradable Intrapocket Dental Film for Local Treatment of Periodontitis

: The goal of this research was to produce intrapocket dental film, composed of polycaprolactone and carbopol blends by a modified solvent casting method. Prepared films were consistent in thickness (2.10±0.56 to 2.50±0.39 mm) and weight (35.23±0.37 to 39.45±0.45 mg) with drug entrapment of up to 87.63±1.98 percent. The concentration of carbopol is observed to have a direct relationship with thickness, film weight, and swelling factor of the prepared dental film. The film has a surface pH close to gingival crevicular fluid pH and is therefore appropriate for the application. The developed film exhibited a biphasic drug release profile with an initial burst release followed by a continuous release for more than 11 days. Drug release kinetic study supports the release of the drug by a diffusion-based process, as best explained by the Korsmeyer Peppas kinetics (R2 = 0.9635). In-vitro antimicrobial activity was also in accordance with drug release, with a high initial zone of inhibition (ZOI) (49.32±0.156mm), followed by 14.28±0.080 mm ZOI on 11th day. The in-vivo study showed that the prepared film was able to prevent periodontal ligament degeneration as observed in the periodontitis experiment animal model. In conclusion, prepared intrapocket dental film based on caprolactone and carbopol can be used as a novel local drug delivery system for the management of periodontitis.

Butyrate Conversion by Sulfate-Reducing and Methanogenic Communities from Anoxic Sediments of Aarhus Bay, Denmark

The conventional perception that the zone of sulfate reduction and methanogenesis are separated in high- and low-sulfate-containing marine sediments has recently been changed by studies demonstrating their co-occurrence in sediments. The presence of methanogens was linked to the presence of substrates that are not used by sulfate reducers. In the current study, we hypothesized that both groups can co-exist, consuming common substrates (H2 and/or acetate) in sediments. We enriched butyrate-degrading communities in sediment slurries originating from the sulfate, sulfate–methane transition, and methane zone of Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Sulfate was added at different concentrations (0, 3, 20 mM), and the slurries were incubated at 10 °C and 25 °C. During butyrate conversion, sulfate reduction and methanogenesis occurred simultaneously. The syntrophic butyrate degrader Syntrophomonas was enriched both in sulfate-amended and in sulfate-free slurries, indicating the occurrence of syntrophic conversions at both conditions. Archaeal community analysis revealed a dominance of Methanomicrobiaceae. The acetoclastic Methanosaetaceae reached high relative abundance in the absence of sulfate, while presence of acetoclastic Methanosarcinaceae was independent of the sulfate concentration, temperature, and the initial zone of the sediment. This study shows that there is no vertical separation of sulfate reducers, syntrophs, and methanogens in the sediment and that they all participate in the conversion of butyrate.

Geophysical estimation of the damage induced by an observatory digging in a limestone heterogeneous vadose zone – Beauce aquifer (France)

&lt;p&gt;The O-ZNS observatory offers a unique geophysical support for characterization, at different scales (from nano- to metric scales) of the heterogeneous Beauce Limestones aquifer. Currently under development at an agricultural site in Villamblain (Centre Val de Loire, France), this observatory is based on an exceptional well (20 m-depth and 4 m-diameter) associated with many external boreholes on an area of around 2 400 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. It will combine different geophysical techniques and innovative multi-geosciences sensors to image, monitor and understand fluid and heat transfers in the heterogeneous structure of the vadoze zone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An initial geophysical characterization has been conducted with surface measurements (3D electrical resistivity imaging and 2D Magnetic Resonance Sounding) that gave interesting information on the lithology of O-ZNS site: a silty-clayed soil of a few meter thick, then a highly heterogeneous and karstified limestone and finally, the massive fractured limestone. Cross-hole radar measurements add to these information a description of the initial zone, the soil properties and the water content. Also, data from three boreholes and the collection of core samples as well as logging measurements completed and improved this initial characterization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;All these data have been used to develop a finite element numerical model representing both the study site and the well under Plaxis 2D. Through the realism of geotechnical engineering including deformation, stability and water flow, the idea, is to anticipate the effect of the digging and provide information about the induced damaged zone that will derive. We also look into describing the evolution of this damaged zone depending on the seasoning variation (i.e. from 3 to 5 m) of the groundwater level. All these characterizations will allow us to better focus our field geophysical investigations on monitoring the damaged zone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The model consists of a description of the different soil layers from the boreholes that includes elastic, microstructural and transport properties, followed by a description of the interface between the soil and the well. The hydraulic conditions will take into account the time-variability of fluxes and the aquifer level. Furthermore, this model is coupled with the construction phasing from a civil engineering point of view. The results will give the evolution of stress and strain induced by the engineering development of O-ZNS well in the host rock as well as an estimate of the material displacement and its elasticity limits. The preliminary modelling generated a result stipulating a damaged zone of 1-2 m around the well at the surface. The magnitude of the damaged zone is reduced with depth. It seems that, at the bottom, the host rock is undamaged.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Undergoing development are focused on refining the model by providing more effective and updated estimations of the soil and structure properties in order to validate or improve the first results together with an estimation of the time evolution of the damaged zone with the water saturation state. Afterward, we will be able to compare and validate these results to pictures and measurements performed during the digging that will start in the spring 2020.&lt;/p&gt;

Artifacts from Panticapaeum decorated in the Scythian animal style (on the problem of the Greek Scythian in teractions)

В последние годы впервые, благодаря исследованиям Боспорской (Пантикапейской) археологической экспедиции ГМИИ им. А. С. Пушкина, в исходной зоне акрополя Пантикапея были найдены предметы, оформленные в скифском зверином стиле (это преимущественно элементы конского снаряжения). В статье публикуются данные изделия, изображения на которых анализируются в контексте общей систематики и хронологии восточноевропейского скифского звериного стиля. Все они датируются в пределах конца VI перв. пол. V в. до н. э. Это время начала интенсивных скифо греческих контактов в Северном Причерноморье, однако конкретно для изначальной территории Пантикапея таких безусловных свидетельств взаимопроникновения древнегреческой и скифской культур ранее практически не наблюдалось. Характер и глубина данного взаимодействия должны стать предметом изучения в будущем. In recent years, for the first time, due to the researches of the Bosporus (Panticapean) archaeological expedition of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, in the initial zone of the Panticapaeum Acropolis some objects decorated in the Scythian animal style (mainly elements of horse equipment) were found. The article represents these products analyzed in the context of the general systematics and chronology of images of the Eastern European Scythian animal style. They all date to within the late 6th first half of 5th century BC. This is the starting period of intensive Scythian Greek contact in the Northern Pontic, but specifically for the original site of Panticapaeum such absolute evidence of the interpenetration of Greek and Scythian cultures had not been previously observed in practice. The essence and depth of this interaction should be studied in future.

PENGARUH RENOVASI TERHADAP MAKNA RUMAH TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT JAWA Kasus Studi: Kotagede Yogyakarta (The Effect of House Reconstruction on The Meaning of Javanese Traditional Houses)

The meaning of traditional Javanese house is as an expression of respect to creating harmonious relations with the numinous unity of supernatural environment, natural environment, and community. This is done in order to achieve safety in the life of Javanese people. To accommodate the demands of development needs, especially from the economic aspect, some houses experienced renovations in the form of adding commercial functions to their initial residential functions. As a case study, four houses which have been renovated were chosen. This study sought to reveal the effect of the renovation on the meaning of the house. The research begins by identifying the zones of each houses before renovation. Then the zones of each room were identified as a result of the renovation. The next step was to identify the suitability of the space zone due to renovation of the initial zone. Based on the suitability or incompatibility of the zone, the structuralism approach was used to interpret the effect of renovation on the meaning of the house. The results show that the renovation of the traditional house generally only affects the change on surface structure and not on the deep structure, thus, does not change its meaning. The wider the original house and the more residents living there, the higher the possibility of changing the meaning.

PENGARUH RENOVASI TERHADAP MAKNA RUMAH TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT JAWA Kasus Studi: Kotagede Yogyakarta (The Effect of House Reconstruction on The Meaning of Javanese Traditional Houses)

The meaning of traditional Javanese house is as an expression of respect to creating harmonious relations with the numinous unity of supernatural environment, natural environment, and community. This is done in order to achieve safety in the life of Javanese people. To accommodate the demands of development needs, especially from the economic aspect, some houses experienced renovations in the form of adding commercial functions to their initial residential functions. As a case study, four houses which have been renovated were chosen. This study sought to reveal the effect of the renovation on the meaning of the house. The research begins by identifying the zones of each houses before renovation. Then the zones of each room were identified as a result of the renovation. The next step was to identify the suitability of the space zone due to renovation of the initial zone. Based on the suitability or incompatibility of the zone, the structuralism approach was used to interpret the effect of renovation on the meaning of the house. The results show that the renovation of the traditional house generally only affects the change on surface structure and not on the deep structure, thus, does not change its meaning. The wider the original house and the more residents living there, the higher the possibility of changing the meaning.

The Effect of House Reconstruction on The Meaning of Javanese Traditional Houses

The meaning of traditional Javanese house is as an expression of respect to creating harmonious relations with the numinous unity of supernatural environment, natural environment, and community. This is done in order to achieve safety in the life of Javanese people. To accommodate the demands of development needs, especially from the economic aspect, some houses experienced renovations in the form of adding commercial functions to their initial residential functions. As a case study, four houses which have been renovated were chosen. This study sought to reveal the effect of the renovation on the meaning of the house. The research begins by identifying the zones of each houses before renovation. Then the zones of each room were identified as a result of the renovation. The next step was to identify the suitability of the space zone due to renovation of the initial zone. Based on the suitability or incompatibility of the zone, the structuralism approach was used to interpret the effect of renovation on the meaning of the house. The results show that the renovation of the traditional house generally only affects the change on surface structure and not on the deep structure, thus, does not change its meaning. The wider the original house and the more residents living there, the higher the possibility of changing the meaning.

The Treasures of Asia

This chapter chronicles Celso Cesare Moreno's exploits in Asia, beginning with his decision to take to the sea like other Italian missionaries, explorers, and traders before him, such as Marco Polo and Vasco da Gama. Moreno's initial zone of activity was the Mediterranean, but he later made his way to the Cape of Good Hope, the Horn of Africa, the Red Sea, and finally, India. Arriving in Calcutta in June 1859, Moreno became entangled in a bitter dispute with Giovanni Casella, a successful merchant, and Father Vincenzo Bruno, a missionary. The chapter also considers Moreno's role in the Sepoy Mutiny during his time in India; his “discovery” of Sumatra; his sojourn in China, where he became involved in the Taiping Rebellion; his failed attempt to convince the Italian government to establish a colony in Sumatra; his efforts to sell Sumatra to Napoleon III; and his travel to Indochina to explore scantly known regions, among other objectives.

Decrease of Harmful Atmospheric Emission at Oil and Gas Condensate Fields Owing to Application of Jet Devices

Actuality of atmosphere protection from pollution by low-pressure flare gas as well as possibility of solving of this problem owing to application of liquid-gas jet devices with two-phase active flow are shown. Results of experimental investigations of ejectors with active two-phase flow at mass fraction of gas in active flow more than 0.003 are presented. Significant error of calculation results using approach which does not take into consideration interaction of active gas and liquid at mixing chamber initial zone is observed. It is shown that use of momentum conservation equation for liquid and gas flows at mixing chamber initial zone enables to take into account influence of active gas energy and to obtain satisfactory agreement of calculation and experimental data at mass fraction of gas in active flow more than 0.003. The obtained results were used for designing of liquid-gas jet devices with active two-phase flow for low-pressure flare gas utilization at Kokdumalak oil and gas condensate field.