Non-Obligate Pairwise Metabolite Cross-Feeding Suggests Ammensalic Interactions Between Bacillus and Aspergillus Species

Metabolite trade-offs at bacterial-fungal interfaces determine their ecological interactions. We designed a non-obligate pairwise metabolite cross-feeding (MCF) between Bacillus and Aspergillus. Cross-feeding Aspergillus metabolites (MCF-1) affected higher growth and biofilm formation in Bacillus. LC-MS-based multivariate analyses (MVA) showed marked variations in the endogenous metabolite profiles between the cross-fed and control Bacillus. We observed and validated that Aspergillus-derived oxylipins were rapidly depleted in Bacillus cultures concomitant with lowered secretion of cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs). Conversely, Bacillus extracts cross-fed to Aspergillus (MCF-2) diminished its mycelial growth and conidiation. Fungistatic effects of Bacillus-derived cyclic surfactins were temporally reduced following their hydrolytic linearization. MVA highlighted disparity between the cross-fed (MCF-2) and control Aspergillus cultures with marked variations in the oxylipin levels. We conclude that the pairwise MCF selectively benefitted Bacillus while suppressing Aspergillus, which suggests their ammensalic interaction. Widening this experimental pipeline across tailored communities may help model and simulate BFIs in more complex microbiomes.

Design of Canal by Closing out Debits of Current Canal System

Canals are natural streams channels, or manmade streams, for water movement, or to support water movement, or to support water transport vehicles. Fundamental capacity of waterway is to convey water from water assets for irrigation or domestic utilization of water. The whole water movement framework for water system, containing the fundamental channel, branch waterways, major and minor distributaries. Water is a valuable asset. It is needed by human in doing distinctive day by day exercises. This valuable asset while going through the canal is lost from the channels through leakage from the sides and lower part of the canals and by evaporation from the top water surface of the canals. This project aims at modelling a canal section using HEC-RAS conducting flow analysis such that there is no silting and scouring in the canal. HEC-RAS is a computer program that help model the hydraulics of water flow through natural rivers and artificial or natural channels. The objective is to estimate evaporation and seepage losses and suggest necessary remedies in order to avoid these water debits from the canals.

Lean, mean, fighting machine

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings The principle of Lean Thinking can boost the competitive advantage of an organization through removing waste that doesn’t benefit the customer. The Dynamic Value Stream Map can help model this process in order to implement Lean Thinking more efficiently and effectively. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Cybersecurity profiles based on human-centric IoT devices

This paper proposes a methodology based on the concept of Human Factors to obtain Cybersecurity profiles. The profiles are determined by a set of parameters that help model the skills of individuals (potential offenders, victims, etc.) during a digital investigation. The definition is flexible enough to allow the cybersecurity profiles to grow when more data is available. A critical part of the solution is the inclusion of personal devices as important elements of the profiles. This is highly relevant as paradigms such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are transforming society, bringing humans closer to their devices than ever before. IoT devices also produce a lot of data, which can be useful to complete cybersecurity profiles and therefore understand the whole context of a digital investigation. Thus, IoT devices are included in the proposed methodology to capitalise on the strong dependence between users and devices during the analysis.

Hydrological aspects of an industrial landfill

A water balance for a landfill in the South-West of Sweden has been performed. The waterbalance is based on measured values of leachate and calculated values of potentialevaporation using Penman's equation. The calculations include a period of 6 years (1995-200 I). During this period, the yearly precipitation was 6 I 0-1180 mm in the Halmstad area. Itwas concluded that the total storage of leachate in the landfill and in the ponds increased withtime. If increasing tendency will proceed then the amount of leachate generated might behigher during the next years and similar to results found in the literature. There is a need forthe more physical based model, the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP)model, for calculation in order to take into account the top cover soils and vegetationinfluence.

KAPITTEL 4 «Midt i smørøyet» – samarbeid og ambivalens i grenseflater mellom profesjons- og erfaringskunnskap

The chapter discusses collaborations and «borderwork» between self-help/mutual aid activists and professionals by the example of the project Utviklingsprosjekt LINK Vestfold. The project was initiated and run by three patient education resource centres (LMS) in Vestfold county in 2009–2010, financially supported by the Directorate of Health and in close collaboration with the National Competence Centre Self-Help Norway. Essentially, the project was very successful, resulting in a broad and active network of professionals and volunteers and the formation of new self-help groups. The project paved the way for a new district office of the National Competence Centre. At the same time, the collaboration revealed certain tensions and ambiguities on both sides, originating in close similarities as well as important differences regarding the use and practice of experiential knowledge – as opposed to professional knowledge – by actors operating in between and on the fringe of established fields. The project highlights how processes of standardization of the self-help model (by Self-Help Norway) is met by kind of resistance and how self-help as a «boundary object» needs to be kept flexible to adjust to different local contexts. This may be an act of balance in a context where the self-help movement is the weaker part regarding institutional strength, in need of guarding the autonomy of self-help groups.