Reflexões Sobre o Papel da Educação Estatística na Formação de Professores no Contexto da Pandemia da Covid-19

ResumoA Pandemia da Covid-19 tem gerado dados que a todo momento são divulgados pelas mídias. Este cenário impõe aos professores o desafio de estimular o desenvolvimento de uma atitude crítica do estudante em relação às informações difundidas. Ao trabalhar os conceitos matemáticos e estatísticos envolvidos nesta situação pandêmica, o professor pode instituir novos modos de promover a aprendizagem, a interação e o compartilhamento de significados entre os estudantes. Desse modo, este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre como os professores podem trabalhar conceitos matemáticos e estatísticos com os estudantes da Educação Básica no contexto da pandemia. Como suporte teórico, nos ancoramos na Base do Conhecimento proposta por Shulman, focando o conhecimento específico de Estatística, o conhecimento pedagógico e o conhecimento curricular. Apresentamos seis Casos de Ensino construídos a partir dos dados e informações estatísticas disponíveis em sites oficiais, visando dar sentido e significado às informações. Para tal, seguimos as premissas do Letramento Estatístico, dos níveis de leitura e interpretação de gráficos e do senso crítico. Por meio destes casos apresentamos ao professor diferentes recursos, como materiais concretos, simulação por meio de applets do Geogebra, indicadores como letalidade, taxa de mortalidade e prevalência a partir do contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Salientamos, nesta perspectiva, a importância do conhecimento do contexto e do desenvolvimento da capacidade de formular questões críticas para, assim, contribuir com a formação de professores de forma que estes auxiliem os estudantes a entender a pandemia da Covid-19 e tomar decisões que preservem suas vidas e das pessoas de sua comunidade. Palavras-chave: Educação Estatística. Formação de Professores. Base do Conhecimento. Casos de Ensino. Pandemia da Covid-19. AbstractThe Covid-19 Pandemic has generated data that is currently disseminated by the media. This scenario imposes on teachers the challenge of stimulating the students’ development for a critical attitude in relation to the information disseminated. By working on the mathematical and statistical concepts involved in this pandemic situation, the teacher can institute new ways of promoting learning, interaction and sharing of meanings among students. Thus, this paper aims to reflect on how teachers can work mathematical and statistical concepts with Elementary School students in the context of the pandemic. We anchored, as technical support, in the Knowledge Base proposed by Shulman, focusing on the specific knowledge of Statistics, pedagogical knowledge and curricular knowledge. We present six Teaching Cases constructed from the data and statistical information available on official websites, aiming to give sense and meaning to the information. For this purpose, we follow the premises of Statistical Literacy, the levels of reading and interpretation of graphs and critical sense. Through these cases, we presented to the teacher different resources, such as concrete materials, simulation through Geogebra applets, indicators, such as, lethality, mortality rate and prevalence from the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. In this perspective, we emphasize the importance of knowing the context and also the development of the capacity of formulating critical questions, in order to contribute to the teacher training, so they can help the students understand the COVID-19 pandemic and take their own decisions. Decisions that will preserve their lives and the lives of the people of their community. Keywords: Statistical Education,. Teacher Training. Knowledge Base. Teaching Case. Covid-19.

First-Principles Materials Simulation and Design for Alkali and Alkaline Metal Ion Battery Accelerated by Machine Learning

The challenge of re-electrification urges the performance improvement in alkali/alkaline metal ion batteries (AMIBs) materials while the traditional research paradigm fully based on experiments and theoretical simulations need massive research...

CL-20-Based Cocrystal Energetic Materials: Simulation, Preparation and Performance

The cocrystallization of high-energy explosives has attracted great interests since it can alleviate to a certain extent the power-safety contradiction. 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaaza-isowurtzitane (CL-20), one of the most powerful explosives, has attracted much attention for researchers worldwide. However, the disadvantage of CL-20 has increased sensitivity to mechanical stimuli and cocrystallization of CL-20 with other compounds may provide a way to decrease its sensitivity. The intermolecular interaction of five types of CL-20-based cocrystal (CL-20/TNT, CL-20/HMX, CL-20/FOX-7, CL-20/TKX-50 and CL-20/DNB) by using molecular dynamic simulation was reviewed. The preparation methods and thermal decomposition properties of CL-20-based cocrystal are emphatically analyzed. Special emphasis is focused on the improved mechanical performances of CL-20-based cocrystal, which are compared with those of CL-20. The existing problems and challenges for the future work on CL-20-based cocrystal are discussed.

Pengembangan e-learning berbasis chamilo pada pembelajaran simulasi dan komunikasi digital

E-learning berbasis Chamilo telah berhasil dikembangkan pada pembelajaran simulasi dan komunikasi digital di SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan efektifitas e-learning terhadap mata pelajaran fitur kolaboratif daring. Tahapan Penelitian pengembangan ini terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, desain, dan pengembangan. E-learning yang telah dikembangkan kemudian diuji kevalidan oleh ahli, diuji kepraktisan oleh peserta didik, dan diuji efektifitas dengan mengimplementasikan e-learning di SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. Pengembangan e-learning menggunakan model Alessi dan Trollip. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa 1.) E-learning teruji kevalidan dengan penilaian oleh ahli media terhadap e-learning sebesar 89,47%, penilaian oleh ahli materi sebesar 84,62%, dan penilaian ahli desain pembelajaran sebesar 81,82%; 2.) E-learning teruji kepraktisannya dengan penilaian dari 3 peserta didik tingkat rendah, sedang, dan atas dengan rata-rata sebesar 86,10%; dan 3.) E-learning teruji efektifitas meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dilihat dari adanya gain sebesar 0,70 yang termasuk kedalam kategori tinggi.AbstractE-Learning of Chamilo based has been developed for materials simulation and communication digital in SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. The research aims to know validity, practicality, and effectiveness e-learning features on the subject matter of online collaboration features. This research development stage consists of the plan, design, and development phase. E-learning features that have been developed and then tested validity by experts, tested practicality by students, and tested for effectiveness by implementation e-learning in SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. The development of e-learning used the Alessi and Trollip model. From this study, it was found that 1.) The assessment e-learning features have been validity tested by media experts at 89.47%, by subject matter experts of 84,62%, and by learning design experts of 81,82%; 2.) The assessment of e-learning features has been practicality tested by three students’ low level, medium, and high an average by 86,10%; and 3.) E-learning features have been effectively tested to improving students learning outcomes seen from a gain of 0.70 included in the high category.