Psychometric properties of the Wechsler-4 Scale for Deaf People with Moderate Intellectual Disability

This study aimed to identify the Wechsler-4 Intelligence Scale for Deaf people with Moderate Intellectual Disability. A descriptive survey method was used. The sample on deaf included (73) deaf students in Jordan and the WISC-IV standard was applied in the sign language on them. Validity indicators were content validity (80%), Construct Validity Internal (0.351 - 0.435) for each of the tests (Perceptual Reasoning Index, PRI), (Working Memory Index, WMI). And (Processing Speed Index, PSI), except for the Verbal (Comprehension Index, VCI) test, the value of the correlation coefficient with overall intelligence was (0.074), which are non-significant values at the significance level (0.01), and Concurrent Validity with the Goodenough-Harris Drawing scale (0.688) and achievement (0.887). Also, the Reliability scale was the Test Re-test method (0.866), the arbitrator's agreement (78.2%), the Split Half (0.901), and Cronbach Alpha (0.797). The results showed that the overall intelligence level (IQ=50.23).The results showed that there are differences in the level of the sub-tests and the value of the arithmetic mean (VCI) = (58.37), (PRI) = (52.73), (WMI) = (52.68), (PSI) = (64.14), and Full-Scale IQ = (50.23). The results showed that there were differences in the level of (PRI) attributable to gender in favor of males. And no differences in the level of intelligence attributed to the variable of hearing impairment. The study recommends related to the understanding of sign language of deaf Moderate Intellectual Disability, and studies related to the development of the perceptual intelligence of the deaf.

A-35 Relationship between Suicidality and Discrepancies in Verbal and Nonverbal Intelligence in Adolescents

Objective Many have examined the relationship between intellectual functioning (IQ) and suicidality in children and adolescents. However, no study to date has investigated how discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal IQ may influence suicide risk in adolescents. This study used a sample of patients hospitalized on an adolescent psychiatric unit to compare number of lifetime suicide attempts (SA) among those with a ≥ 22-point difference between verbal and nonverbal abilities. Method Data were retroactively collected from a convenience sample. Patients were grouped based on discrepancies between Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) and Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) scores (VCI > PRI & VCI). Results The number of lifetime ACEs or size of IQ discrepancy did not significantly differ between groups; however, those in the VCI < PRI (μ = 1.13 ± 0.98) group had a significant higher number of SAs than those in the VCI > PRI group (μ = 0.50 ± 0.86) (t(32) = 2.01, p = 0.05). Hedges’ g revealed large effect for IQ discrepancy type and number of SAs. Linear regression modeling revealed a positive association between number of ACEs and number of SAs (ß = 0.10, t(33) = 2.71, p = 0.01). Size of IQ discrepancy was not significantly contributory to total SAs. Conclusion VCI being considerably lower than PRI may increase risk of SA in adolescents. This risk may be further exacerbated by lifetime number of ACEs.

A-153 Neuropsychological Effects Assessed Using WISC-IV and WISC-V

Objective This review explores The Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition (WISC-V) administered to children with various medical histories including traumatic brain injury, vascular conditions, brain tumor, epilepsy, strokes, sickle cell disease, down syndrome, and neurotoxicity on neurodevelopment. This review aims to explore neuropsychological effects of these medical conditions derived from final scores and scale comparisons. Data Selection Peer-reviewed studies between 2000 and 2020 were gathered from EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Criteria was limited to neurological conditions present in children, who were required to be assessed using either WISC-IV or WISC-V. Children with other developmental or learning disabilities were excluded. Data on Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) were excluded along with any other assessment administered to children. Thirteen articles were included based on the criteria along with two articles that discuss the validity of WISC. Data Synthesis The components of the WISC-IV or WISC-V demonstrated low average or below average scores on many scales, especially overall FSIQ. The largest impairments were present in Processing Speed Index, Verbal Comprehension Index, Working Memory Index, Visual Spatial Index, and overall FSIQ. All children assessed with preexisting neurological conditions demonstrated deficits in neuropsychological domains. The severity of the neurological condition significantly impacted scores when compared to children with no conditions. Conclusions The administration of WISC-IV and WISC-V demonstrated neuropsychological and functioning impairments in children with preexisting neurological conditions. The assessment successfully identified deficit areas and earlier testing can encourage earlier treatments.

A-195 Reliability of Scores Obtained on the WAIS-IV and WISC-V in a Largely Pacific Islander Sample

Objective With the emergence of Covid-19, the field of assessment had to adapt immediately to telehealth administration without the typical rigorous standardization procedures neuropsychologists are accustomed to. This study will provide some support for reliability of scores obtained on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V) utilizing telehealth in a largely Pacific Islander sample. Method Participants were all individuals who had completed a psychological evaluation with the principal author in either a community health care clinic or a nearby independent assessment practice. Testing had to have taken place a minimum to one year prior and participant’s had to be within the age range to repeat the same test that was previously administered. Thus far, there are 16 total participants. Results Paired samples t-tests indicated that there were no significant differences between the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), Fluid Reasoning Index (FRI), and Working Memory Index (WMI) on the WISC-V for those administered in person and through telehealth VCI (t(4) = 2.08, p = 0.106) FRI (t(4) = −0.86, p = 0.439); and WMI (t(3) = −0.104, p = 0.924). Findings were similar for the WAIS-IV with non-significant scores on the VCI (t(5) = −0.1.3, p = 0.903) or WMI (t(5) = −0.1.3, p = 0.903). Conclusion Although telehealth is not the gold-standard for psychological assessment, telehealth administration can provide reliable scores and important information for diagnostic clarity. As such, telehealth administration remains a valuable tool for psychologists to generate diagnoses and provide recommendations for treatment.

Testing Children’s Mentalizing in Middle Childhood: Adopting the Child and Adolescent Reflective Functioning Scale with Clinical and Community Children

Beginning with Ensink’s seminal study (2015), the field entered a new era in which we were able to measure mentalizing in school-aged children. The goal of this work is to continue developing the state of the research within this tradition by exploring the psychometric properties of the Child Reflective Functioning Scale (CRFS) - a measure applied to the Child Attachment Interview and designed to assess RF during middle childhood - within both clinical and normative groups, and to examine if it differentiates between both groups. Participants were 159 Italian children (age range 8–12 years, Mage = 10.66, SD =1.83; 57% males) divided into two groups: 71 children with emotional-behavioral problems (‘clinical group’) and 88 children without emotional-behavioral problems (‘community group’). Demographic data and Verbal Comprehension Index were collected. A two-factor model of CRFS (self- and other-focused RF) was confirmed in both groups, revealing that these intrapersonal and interpersonal indicators of children’s RF are important domains of mentalizing abilities in middle childhood. The results revealed adequate inter-rater reliability of the CRFS. Controlling for the effect of potentially confounding demographic variables, significant differences on CRFS scales between clinical and community groups were found. The clinical group showed lower levels of CRFS scores than normative group, but importantly, the self-focused RF score uniquely predicted clinical/community status. Taken together, the findings showed that the CRFS is a reliable and validity measure for assessing RF in middle childhood with clinical and normative groups, contributing important information to the scientific literature on mentalizing in middle childhood.

RARE-04. INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH PEDIATRIC CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA AFTER TUMOR REMOVAL

INTRODUCTION Intellectual assessment in children with craniopharyngioma after tumor removal is still unknown. We assessed intellectual development in children who underwent microsurgical resection in our institute over the last twelve years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten children among 41 patients with craniopharyngioma treated and followed at Kagoshima University Hospital between 2007 and 2019 were reviewed. We also assessed intellectual development in 10 years or younger children with craniopharyngioma one year after tumor removal. Intelligence was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-Ⅳ). RESULTS Ten children underwent microsurgical tumor removal. The mean age at surgery was 5.8 (range 1–10) years. Transcranial approach was performed in 8 children, transsphenoidal approach in two children. The mean follow up period was 110 months. Gamma knife surgery (GKS) was performed in 6 children less than 6 months after first surgery. Regional recurrences occurred in 5 children, and additional GKS was performed in four children, second microsurgical removal in one child. Severe obesity with a transient electrolyte imbalance occurred in one child. Eight children with GH deficiency underwent GH replacement therapy. Eight children were assessed working memory index (WMI), processing speed index (PSI), Perceptual reasoning index (PRI), and verbal comprehension index (VCI) using WISC 4. Each mean value of WMI, PSI, and PRI was lower than VCI, except for 2 children with normal full scale intelligence quotient. CONCLUSION WMI, PSI and PRI in children with intellectual disabilities were lower tendency than VCI after surgical removal of craniopharyngiomas in the present study.

INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS AMONG RURAL LEARNERS IN MOROCCO

The full scale intelligence quotient is a strong predictor of educational success. The aim of this study was to calculate the full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) of Moroccan rural students in the Safi region. the psychometric test Wechsler intelligence scale for childrenand adolescents -5th edition WISC V was used by administering the five indexes, namely the verbal comprehension index, visuospatial index, fluid reasoning index, working memory index and processing speed index, to compare them to the average ofthe Wechsler tests. The study carried on 104 students (46 girls and 58 boys) between the ages of 12 and 15 years old, 67% of the students were boarders and 33% were external students.We administered all the 15 subtests of WISC V on each participant.The results showed that the verbal comprehension index was higher than the other four indexes in WISC V. In terms of correlations among the five indexes, the results show different types of relationships among the test indexes.

EVALUATION OF INTELLIGENCE SCORES AMONG STUDENTS FROM MOROCCAN URBAN AREAS

Our study carried on Moroccan students from urban areas.Thebasis will be for calculating the full-scaleintelligence quotient FSIQ, which is positively, predicts school results, and determining the psychometric profiles of the samples participating in this study. By administering the fifteen subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -5th Edition WISC V and comparing the results to the average of the Wechsler tests. We have administered all subtests ofWISC V, an individual general intelligence test for children aged between 6 and 16 based on the g-factor since the inception of the first Wechsler test. We ensure that every student participating in this study from the city of Safi has passed all the subtests. The participants are 101 students (59 girls and42 boys) aged between 11and 15years old. The results of the samples who are urban public school students show a median of full-scale intelligence quotient, the average value of the verbal comprehension index is higher than the other four indexes of WISC V. In terms of correlations, the results show two types of relationships between the five indexes on the scale.

Intellectual changes after radiation for children with brain tumors: which brain structures are most important?

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of radiation dose to different intracranial structures on changes in intellectual function for children with brain tumors. Methods We evaluated children with brain tumors treated in 2005–2017 who had longitudinal neuropsychological assessments and available photon dosimetric data (if radiation therapy [RT] given). Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) and index scores were evaluated (perceptual reasoning index [PRI], processing speed index [PSI], verbal comprehension index [VCI], and working memory index [WMI]). Multivariable linear mixed effects models were used to model endpoints, with age at RT and dose to different brain regions as fixed effects and patient-specific random intercepts. P-values (P*) were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results Sixty-nine patients were included, 56 of whom received RT. Median neuropsychological follow-up was 3.2 years. Right temporal lobe mean dose was strongly associated with decline in FSIQ (P* = 0.005); with each gray increase in mean dose, there was a decrease of 0.052 FSIQ points per year. Dose to 50% (D50) of the supratentorial brain was associated with decline in PSI (P* = 0.006) and WMI (P* = 0.001). Right and left hippocampus D50 were individually strongly associated with declines in VCI (P* = 0.009 for each). Presence of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt decreased FSIQ by 10 points. Conclusions We reported associations between dosimetry to specific brain regions and intellectual outcomes, with suggested avoidance structures during RT planning. These models can help clinicians anticipate changes in neurocognition post-RT and guide selection of an optimal RT plan.