Management of Big Data Projects

Big data is an emerging area of research that is of interest to various fields; however, studies in the literature and various sources claim that failure rates for big data projects are considerably high. There are different reasons for failure; varying from management processes to the use of wrong technologies. This study investigates how the project management framework proposed by Project Management Institute (PMI) can be effectively adapted to big data projects to reduce failure rates. The application of processes as mentioned in this study can help to eliminate the causes of failure in the early stages of the project; thus, increasing the successful completion rate of such projects.

Analysis of causes of failure of medical treatment in patients undergoing surgery for benign prostate enlargement

Background: To analyse causes of failure of medical management in benign prostate enlargement (BPE) in patients who undergo surgery following medical treatment and to elucidate parameters which warrant for early surgical treatment. Methods: Records of 747 patients who underwent surgery for BPE were reviewed for prostate volume, median lobe enlargement, post void residual urine, duration and type of medical treatment given for BPE. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to find out significant parameters for medical treatment failure. Results: A total of 601 patients (80.45%) received medical treatment for their lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), for a duration ranging between 3 months and 2 years. Statistically significant difference was found between age, prostate volume, intravesical projection, PSA and acute urinary retention with failure of medical treatment. Conclusions: BPE patients with failure to respond with medical management within 3–6 months and/or associated with large size prostate, intravesical projection and raised serum PSA should better be offered surgical treatment.

Statistical Inferences of Burr XII Lifetime Models under Joint Type-1 Competing Risks Samples

The problem of statistical inference under joint censoring samples has received considerable attention in the past few years. In this paper, we adopted this problem when units under the test fail with different causes of failure which is known by the competing risks model. The model is formulated under consideration that only two independent causes of failure and the unit are collected from two lines of production and its life distributed with Burr XII lifetime distribution. So, under Type-I joint competing risks samples, we obtained the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayes estimators. Interval estimation is discussed through asymptotic confidence interval, bootstrap confidence intervals, and Bayes credible interval. The numerical computations which described the quality of theoretical results are discussed in the forms of real data analyzed and Monte Carlo simulation study. Finally, numerical results are discussed and listed through some points as a brief comment.

Failure in building and remedies

ABSTRACT The research investigates the causes of failure in buildings (failure on floors, walls or block works and roofing) for the purpose of this research, the surveying of the various sites of the areas under study was undertaken from the sites surveying, it was found that the common factors that are causing these failures in the area under study are environmental factors, poor drainage system and poor execution method. Thus, the study recommends the possible solutions to the identified problems on the study area.

Estudo in vitro das alterações morfológicas da superfície de raízes submetidas à apicectomia e írradiadas com laser de Nd:YAG

Introduction: success rates of apical surgery are variable, and there are several causes of failure related in the literature. Among them, permeability of exposed dentin at the apical surface after apicoectomies has been receiving much attention, Nd: YAG laser irradiation can decrease this permeability, but its effects on root surface are not completely known. Objectives: evaluate morphological alterations of apical surface, specially surface smoothness, after Nd: YAG non contact laser irradiation, in different powers, in vitro. Material and Methods: thirty extracted human cuspids, maintained in distilled water had its crowns removed, and were endodontically treated in standard technique. Apicoectomy performed, removing 4 mm most apical of roots, using handpiece. Teeth were divided in three groups of 10 each. Half of the area of each apical surface was irradiated with Nd:YAG laser in non contact mode, for 30 seconds. Three different powers were used- three groups of 10 each. Half of the area of each apical surface was irradiated.

ANALISIS FORENSIK KEGAGALAN KONSTRUKSI STRUKTUR BANGUNAN 3 LANTAI DENGAN SAP (STRUCTURE ANALYSIS PROGRAM) 2000

A Building 3-storey construction project using reinforced concrete construction was failure and collapse in Johor Baru Central Jakarta. The impact of construction failure is work accidents (injury and death), damage to construction/infrastructure, and there are legal consequences for failures that occur and the causes of failure. The research method is to examine the condition of the installed structure, check the level of damage, test the quality of concrete, structural modeling with SAP (Structure Analysis Program) 2000, analyze and calculate the strength of the column cross section, analyze and conclude from the overall inspection results with implementing regulations and reinforcement in SNI 03 -2847-2002. The results of the study concluded that the initial failure was in the column with a size of 33 x 10 centimeters on the south side of the 1st floor with a buckling type failure that caused it to collapse due to pressure from above (floors 2 and 3). The results of the structural modeling of the SAP 2000 program and the calculation of the column cross-sectional strength obtained that the cross-sectional strength capacity of the column is 32.80 tons, this value is still able/safe to withstand the load of the structure above it. The failure and collapse of the column was caused by the implementation of the principles and details of the reinforcement that were not standardized and did not follow the rules of SNI 2847:2013 on the spacing of the stirrups and the details of bending of the iron.

Analysis of causes of failure of the electric centrifugal pump elements by the methods of automated diagnostics

The article discusses the issues of assessing the technical condition of electric centrifugal pumps (ECP) by the methods of automated diagnostics. The factors influencing the ECP and causes of failures of the electric centrifugal pump (ECP) and the submersible electric motor (SEM) are analyzed. The results of ECP failure identifiaton using the measuring systems are presented. Recommendations on the operation of electric centrifugal pumps are provided.

The Epidemiology of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty

With an expected increase in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures, revision TKA (rTKA) procedures continue to be a burden on the United States health care system. The evolution of surgical techniques and prosthetic designs has, however, provided a paradigm shift in the etiology of failure mechanisms of TKA. This review can shed light on the current reasons for revision, which may lead to insights on how to improve outcomes and lower future revision risks. We will primarily focus on the epidemiology of rTKA in the present time, but we will also review this in the context of various time periods to see how the field has evolved. We will review rTKAs: 1) prior to 1997; 2) between 1997 and 2000; 3) between 2000 and 2012; and 3) in the modern era since 2012. We will further subdivide each of the sections into reasons for early (first 2 years after index procedure) versus late revisions (greater than 2 years after index procedure). In doing so, it was determined that prior to 1997, the most prevalent causes of failure were infection, patella failure, polyethylene wear, and aseptic loosening. After a major shift of failure mechanisms was described by Sharkey et al, polyethylene wear and aseptic loosening became the leading causes for revision. However, with the improved manufacturing technology and implant design, polyethylene wear was replaced with aseptic loosening and infection as the leading causes of failure between 2000 and 2012. Since that time, in the modern era of TKA, mechanical loosening and infection have taken over the most prevalent causes for failure. Hopefully, with continued developments in component design and surgical techniques, as well as increased focus on infection reduction methods, the amount of rTKA procedures will decline.

Multiple imputation analysis for propensity score matching with missing causes of failure: An application to hepatocellular carcinoma data

Propensity score matching is widely used to determine the effects of treatments in observational studies. Competing risk survival data are common to medical research. However, there is a paucity of propensity score matching studies related to competing risk survival data with missing causes of failure. In this study, we provide guidelines for estimating the treatment effect on the cumulative incidence function when using propensity score matching on competing risk survival data with missing causes of failure. We examined the performances of different methods for imputing the data with missing causes. We then evaluated the gain from the missing cause imputation in an extensive simulation study and applied the proposed data imputation method to the data from a study on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C.

Failures Related to Castings

The information provided in this article is intended for those individuals who want to determine why a casting component failed to perform its intended purpose. It is also intended to provide insights for potential casting applications so that the likelihood of failure to perform the intended function is decreased. The article addresses factors that may cause failures in castings for each metal type, starting with gray iron and progressing to ductile iron, steel, aluminum, and copper-base alloys. It describes the general root causes of failure attributed to the casting material, production method, and/or design. The article also addresses conditions related to the casting process but not specific to any metal group, including misruns, pour shorts, broken cores, and foundry expertise. The discussion in each casting metal group includes factors concerning defects that can occur specific to the metal group and progress from melting to solidification, casting processing, and finally how the removal of the mold material can affect performance.