cyclobalanopsis glauca
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Forests ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
Lianqi Zhu ◽  
Yanhong Li ◽  
Wenbo Zhu ◽  
Yingyong Chen

Climate change has caused substantial shifts in the geographical distribution of many species. There is growing evidence that many species are migrating in response to climate change. Changes in the distribution of dominant tree species induced by climate change can have an impact not only on organisms such as epiphytes and understory vegetation, but also on the whole ecosystem. Cyclobalanopsis glauca is a dominant tree species in the mingled evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forests of China. Understanding their adaptive strategies against climate change is important for understanding the future community structure. We employed the Maxent framework to model current suitable habitats of C. glauca under current climate conditions and predicted it onto the climate scenarios for 2041–2060 and 2081–2100 using 315 occurrence data. Our results showed that annual precipitation was the most critical factor for the distribution of C. glauca. In the future, increasing precipitation would reduce the limitation of water on habitats, leading to an expansion of the distribution to a higher latitude and higher altitude. At the same time, there were habitat contractions at the junction of the Jiangxi and Fujian Provinces. This study can provide vital information for the management of C. glauca, and serve as a reminder for managers to protect C. glauca in the range contraction areas.


Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4995 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
QING WANG ◽  
XIU-DAN WANG ◽  
DAO-HONG ZHU

A new gall wasp species, Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n. is described from Hunan Province, China that forms integral galls on the central vein on the abaxial leaf blade surface of Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis) glauca (Fagaceae). The morphological characters of the new species are described and photographed and data on the diagnosis, distribution, and biology are given. Additionally, a specific region of the COI gene was amplified using the primers HCO-2198 and LCO-1490 and compared for both the new species and Plagiotrochus masudai Ide, Wachi & Abe.  


Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Yan-Jiao Zhang ◽  
Li Zhong Guo ◽  
Lili Xu

Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst. is one of the most widely distributed species of evergreen broad-leaved tree in subtropical areas of China. It is also grown in Korea, Japan, and India. Because of its beautiful shape, C. glauca is commonly used for greening gardens and walkways. In July 2018, leaf spots on C. glauca were observed in Zhejiang province (Lishui, N: 28°26’ 6.75”;E: 119°54’11.22), China. About 70% of the trees were found to be diseased, with approximately 50% of leaves showing symptoms. The symptoms on C. glauca leaves initially appeared as small brown-yellow spots which gradually expanded, developing a light brown central and dark brown to black margin. The spots ranged from 4 to 15 mm in diameter. Ten symptomatic fragments measuring approximately 5×5 mm from each leaf were surface disinfested with 70% ethanol for 30 s, and then they were rinsed in sterile distilled water and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium at 25 °C in the dark for five days. Segments of colony perimeters were then transferred to new plates. The colonies initially produced white mycelia that later turned gray-white with pink and occasionally black dots scattered on the surface of the mycelium. Spores were aseptate, cylindrical, 8 to 15 μm in length, and 3 to 5 μm wide, most with rounded ends, a few with one apex round and the other fusiform, as described for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. (Agostini et al. 1993). The internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS: MK758005) and two nuclear protein-coding genes (CHS: MK784770, ACT: MK784769) were amplified with ITS1/ITS4, CHS-79F/CHS-345, and ACT-512F/ACT-783R, respectively (Weir et al. 2012). The sequence had 99.61% identity to GQ485605 for ITS, 99.56% to GQ856782 for ACT, and 100% to GQ856733 for CHS of C. gloeosporioides CBS 953.97 in GenBank, respectively. To fulfill Koch’s postulates, spores (1×108) of the isolate were sprayed onto leaves of twelve 2-year-old C. glauca plants (at least six leaves per plant). The fungus was inoculated on one side of each leaf, and distilled water was used as a mock inoculated control on the other side. The plants were cultivated in the greenhouse to maintain high humidity and a temperature near 25 °C. After 9 days, 100% of the leaf halves that had been inoculated had symptoms identical to those observed on affected C. glauca leaves in the field, while no symptoms were observed on the mock inoculated half of each leaf. The fungus was reisolated from the symptoms and identified as C. gloeosporioides using techniques previously described. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. gloeosporioides infecting C. glauca in China. This study will establish a foundation for the further study of C. gloeosporioides to address the disease effectively. References: Agostini, J. P., et al. 1993. Phytopathology. 82:1177. Weir, B. S., et al. 2012. Stud. Mycol. 73:115. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (31800035).


2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 02044
Author(s):  
Qiugen Zhang ◽  
Hongli Wang ◽  
Yuan Ding ◽  
Jian Li

Three typical substropical evergreen broad-leaved forests (Castanopsis eyrei, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca) in Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province were selected to investigate its carbon sequestration capacity. The biomass and soil bulk density of sample investigation were get by setting sample investigation, field quadrat sampling, indoor sample making, experimental analysis testing, data statistics and analysis. The organic carbon content of vegetation layer (arbor layer, shrub layer and herbaceous layer, litter layer) and soil layer (0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm, 30-50cm and 50-100cm) were also get. The carbon density and carbon storage of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests vegetation and soil were estimated which including Castanopsis eyrei, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca. The investigation results had shown that: The average organic carbon content of each vegetation layer in the investigation plot (400 m2) of Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve was arbor layer (54.07%)> shrub layer (52.8%)> herbaceous layer (47.5%), in which the average organic carbon content of the three subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in the arbor layer was close 52.97% to 54.87% and the total average content was 54.07%. The average carbon density of the forest vegetation layer was 178.3587t/hm2, the average carbon density of the vegetation layer was arbor layer (176.0273t/hm2)> shrub layer (1.3043t/hm2)> litter layer (0.8144t/hm2)> herbaceous layer (0.2127t/hm2); the average carbon density of each forest species was Castanopsis eyrei (213.5141t/hm2)> Schima superba (168.9069t/hm2)> Cyclobalanopsis glauca (152.6551t/hm2). Investigation sample of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (400 m) in Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province2 The average soil bulk density of each soil layer cm 0-100 g/cm was 0.868-1.816 g/cm3 both soil organic carbon content and soil carbon density decreased with the increase of soil depth. The average organic carbon content of each soil layer was between 3.75% and 12.48%, and the average soil carbon density was between 62.85t/hm2 and 146.14t/hm2. The average total carbon density of the soil in the investigated sample plots was 754.77t/hm2, of which the average soil carbon density in investigation sample plots in Castanopsis eyrei, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca was 911.49t/hm2, 762.56t/hm2 and 543.22t/hm2 respectively. The average carbon storage of the investigation sample plot (400m2) in Jiangxi Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve were Castanopsis eyrei forest (45.0002t) >Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest (36.6087t) > Schima superba forest (28.4850t), the average soil carbon storage(30.1908t) was 4.23 times the average carbon storage(7.1314t).


Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqing Xiong ◽  
Yiting Niu ◽  
Yingying Yuan ◽  
Liangting Zhang

As an important industry of the national economy, the development of furniture manufacturing industry is very rapid. In particular, with the development of panel furniture industry, wood-based panels have become a necessary choice for furniture material for modern families in recent years. As a new particleboard material, in order to be more widely used in the furniture industry, it is not enough to have the characteristics of environmental protection. The material should also have excellent appearance and dimensional stability, so as to change people’s dependence on traditional wood-based panels. In this study, the rice straw particleboard (RSP) substrate was veneered by Betula sp. and Cyclobalanopsis glauca. In the process of veneering, different RSP specimens were treated by different sanding thicknesses and moisture contents of the RSP substrate, glue spread, species and thickness of veneer. The dimensional stability of different RSP specimens after veneering was analyzed. Based on the same variables, the change in the panel dimension and warp degree of the specimens of RSP which the sanding thickness was 0.2 mm were higher than the specimens with a sanding thickness of 0.6 mm. The dimensional stability of specimens of Cyclobalanopsis glauca veneer was better than that of Betula sp. veneer. A certain degree of change within the appropriate moisture content had a little effect on dimensional stability of veneered RSP. The greater of the amount of glue, the worse the dimensional stability of veneered RSP. The thinner the veneer, the worse was the dimensional stability of the veneered RSP.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194008292098027
Author(s):  
Shichu Liang ◽  
Hongling Lin ◽  
Han Bao ◽  
Yipeng Yao ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
...  

Cyclobalanopsis glauca is one of the most dominant species in the late succession stage of plant communities in the Guilin karst mountainous areas of China. In order to explore its role in community assembly and adaptation strategies, we quantified three continuous traits (LA, SLA and WD) for 52 woody species and documented community composition for 20 plots across different habitat conditions. We performed a trait-gradient analysis to partition species trait values between alpha and beta components within and between communities. Alpha trait components consistently varied more widely than beta components, which suggests that much of the trait variation between species was associated with different functional strategies within a shared environment. The different correlation structures for alpha and beta components reflects community assembly processes at different scales. The alpha components were largely uncorrelated with the exception of SLA and WD, while the beta components showed significant correlations along the environmental gradient. There is a significant positive correlation between LA and SLA and significant negative correlations between both LA and WD as well as between SLA and WD. These results demonstrate that slow-growing species with high resource-use efficiency gradually became the dominant species in the late successional stage for Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest and co-occurring species in the same community employ different trait assemblies.


Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shisheng Long ◽  
Siqi Zeng ◽  
Falin Liu ◽  
Guangxing Wang

Diameter at breast height (DBH) and height (H) of trees are two important variables used in forest management plans. However, collecting the measurements of H is time-consuming and costly. Instead, the H-DBH relationship is modeled and used to estimate H. But, ignoring the effects of slope, aspect and tree competition on the H-DBH relationship often impedes the improvement of H predictions. In this study, to improve predictions of (Thunb.) Oerst. tree H in mixed forests, we compared eleven H-DBH models and examined the influence of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship using 426 trees. We then improved Hegyi competition index and explored its effect on the H predictions by including it in the selected models. Results showed 1) There were statistically significant effects of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship; 2) The log transformation and exponential model performed best for sunny- and shady-steep, respectively, and the Gompertz’s model was optimal for both sunny- and shady-gentle; 3) Compared with the whole dataset, the division of the data into the slope and aspect sub-datasets significantly reduced the RMSE of H predictions; 4) Compared with the selected models without competition index, adding the original Hegyi and improved Hegyi_I into the models improved the H predictions but only the models containing the improved Hegyi_I significantly increased the prediction accuracy at the significant level of 0.1. This study implied that modeling the H-DBH relationship under different slopes and aspects and including the improved Hegyi_I provided the great potential to improve the H predictions.Cyclobalanopsis glauca


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