Land subsidence detection in Jakarta Province using Sentinel-1A Satellite Imagery

The land surface in Jakarta Province is thought to have experienced relatively continuous subsidence because of natural processes and artificial activities. This research was carried out to evaluate the rate of land subsidence in Jakarta Province. Based on this research, it can be shown from the Sentinel-1A satellite images that there has been landed subsidence. The data used are two pairs of Sentinel-1A Single Looking Complex (SLC) images acquired in 2019 and 2020. The data was processed using the DInSAR method to examine the rate of land subsidence. The results show that the land subsidence rate in Jakarta Province during the 2019-2020 period varies from 1.8 cm to -10.7 cm/year. The literature data results in 2016 experienced a decrease in land subsidence with a significant value of -12.6 cm/year. Land subsidence in 2017 averaged -1.8 cm/year. The land subsidence results from 2019 to 2020 have a value that tends to be lower than in 2016 of - 3.62 cm/year. Land subsidence occurs mostly in coastal areas and near estuaries caused by the nature of alluvial deposition materials. It has caused damages to road infrastructure in several regions of Jakarta Province, such as Mutiara Beach, West Cengkareng, and Pademangan.

Land Subsidence Detection in Jakarta Province Using Sentinel-1A Satellite Imagery

<p>The land surface in DKI Jakarta Province is thought to have experienced relatively continuous subsidence because of natural processes and man-made activities. This research was carried out to evaluate the rate of land subsidence in Jakarta Province. The data used in this study are two pairs of Sentinel-1A level 1 Single Looking Complex (SLC) images which were acquired in 2019 and 2020. The data was processed using the DInSAR method to examine the rate of land subsidence.  The results show that the land subsidence rate in Jakarta Province during the 2019-2020 period varies from 1.8 cm to -10.7 cm/year. From 2019 to 2020, the average land subsidence in the City of North Jakarta is around –4.9 cm/year, East Jakarta is around –2.5 cm/year, West Jakarta is around –4.8 cm/year, Central Jakarta is around –3.1 cm/year, and South Jakarta about –2.8 cm/year. Land subsidence occurs mostly in coastal areas and near estuaries caused by the nature of alluvial deposition materials. It has caused damages to road infrastructure in several regions of Jakarta Province, such as Mutiara Beach, West Cengkareng, and Pademangan.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: coastal areas, DInSAR, land subsidence, satellite imagery, Sentinel-1A</p>

LAND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING ON THE UNDERGROUND MRT CONSTRUCTION AREA IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA

Space utilization for measurement of the changes of Earth’s surface is an alternative monitoring technique. Covering a large area with better spatial resolution, comparable accuracy and costly low compared with conventional measurement have made SAR technology more popular in monitoring the subsidence. Land subsidence is the vertical movement of the land surface mainly triggered by fluid extraction, load of construction, geological condition, natural compaction or tectonic activity. Previous researchers have found that Jakarta has experienced land subsidence for decades. On the other hand, rapid urban growth and severe congestion problem in Jakarta are also crucial issues. By providing the first MRT subway, it is expected to be solved the congestion problem. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR) is one of method to identify the deformation with millimeter accuracy. It was perfectly useful for studied on the land subsidence in consequence of the first MRT subway project in Jakarta. The land displacement monitoring along MRT subway trajectory has been acquired by processing Sentinel 1 and ALOS PALSAR-2. This study was able to investigate the land subsidence by using SARPROZ. Finally, the results of this study indicated that land subsidence occurred in the construction area with the lowest land subsidence rate of -0.6 cm/year and the highest land subsidence rate was -7.3 cm/year. Keywords: PSInSAR; subway; land subsidence; MRT.

Land subsidence characteristics and disaster prevention in the Tongzhou area, Beijing

Accurately assessing the impact of groundwater exploitation on land subsidence can provide scientific support for decision-makers. This article establishes a groundwater–subsidence model in a typical area using the land subsidence characteristics of Tongzhou, China, and subsequently classifies a land subsidence early warning zone based on the land subsidence rate. Results show that land subsidence occurred throughout the whole Tongzhou District. The land subsidence that developed to the west of Liuzhuang, Tongzhou city and Taihu was the most serious The maximum annual subsidence rate reached 120 mm a−1 under the current groundwater extraction conditions, and the early warning level for land subsidence reached its highest level. If the pumping of groundwater was reduced by 50 % in the second and the fourth aquifers and by 60 % in the third aquifer, the land subsidence early warning level would be largely reduced and would meet the requirements for land subsidence control.

Hydrologic control on natural land subsidence in the shallow coastal aquifer of the Ravenna coast, Italy

Multiple processes contributing to natural land subsidence in a shallow coastal aquifer near Ravenna (Italy) were identified by analysing the relationships among different data set time series (water table level, rainfall, land reclamation drainage, sea level, etc.) and establishing the correlations with vertical ground motion observed at a high-resolution settlement gauge. Our study highlights the presence of three deformation components related to different processes controlling land subsidence: elastic, delayed-elastic, and irreversible (plastic) components. The elastic and delayed-elastic components are closely related to water table fluctuations that change the effective stress in two portions of the coastal aquifer at a daily (in the sandy unconfined portion) and seasonal time scales (in the layered clay-rich semi-confined prodelta portion), respectively. The irreversible component represents the trend in the land subsidence time series and is due to primary consolidation (pore pressure dissipation) of the fine-grained prodelta levels above where the settlement gauge is located. The amplitudes of the elastic component can be up to 0.2–0.3 mm whereas the amplitude of the delayed-elastic component reaches 0.89 mm. The primary consolidation rate of deformation is 0.9 mm yr−1 and constrains the likely age of prodelta sediments deposition to 1300–2800 years before present. The delayed-elastic subsidence rate has similar magnitude to that due to primary consolidation and is connected to poroelastic effects in the prodelta sequence following seasonal variations in water table. Our findings are important for planning land subsidence management and monitoring strategies especially where the surface aquifer structure is heterogeneous due to different depositional settings. The natural land subsidence rate in the Holocene sediments of the shallow coastal aquifer of Ravenna (North eastern Italy) that we measured in this study accounts for 10 %–20 % of the total current land subsidence rate observed in this portion of Ravenna coastal area (10–20 mm yr−1).

Subsidence monitoring with TerraSAR-X data in Beijing Central Business District and subway tunnelings, China

Land subsidence caused by large-scale engineering construction may damage the surrounding infrastructures and cause huge economic losses in inner-city environments. In this study, we used PS-InSAR technology on 68 TerraSAR-X images to acquire deformation in the Beijing Plain between February 2010 and December 2018. Then, we calculated the additional stress derived from building loads using the method proposed by Boussinesq in the Central Business District (CBD). We found that the depth of influence of additional stresses induced by building loads was 80 m and that spatial distribution pattern of the land subsidence rate agreed well with the additional stress. We found that the influence range of ground subsidence caused by metro construction is 200 m at Ciqikou station by analyzing the subsidence rate profile perpendicular to subway line No. 7 and that the maximum land subsidence rate is 23.2 mm yr−1. Time series analysis of PS around Ciqikou station shows that land subsidence caused by excavation activities mainly occurs in the period of metro construction. Ground deformation rate decreases gradually after 372 d of subway operation. The results of both cases show that large-scale engineering construction will lead to significant land subsidence which should be considered in future urbanization.

Time Series of Land subsidence rate on Coastal Demak Using GNSS CORS UDIP and DINSAR

Most of the studies land subsidence and impact have been done on the north coastal area of Java, especially Semarang and Demak. This landsubsidence has a very serious impact both in the infra structure, the economy and the environment. Techniques of observing landsubsidence using geodetic methods have been widely practiced. Geodetic technology is undergoing rapid development, especially in GNSS navigation satellite technology as well as satellite radar interferometry. Both have advantages and disadvantages of each. In this study will examine the application of DinSAR interferometric techniques and GNSS technology to predict the rate of land subsidence coastal of Demak regency. This paper also emphasize the role of GNSS and DinSAR application in deformation especially for landsubsidence monitoring.

On the acceleration of land subsidence rate in Semarang City as detected from GPS surveys

Land subsidence is not a new phenomenon for Semarang the capital city of Central Java Province with recent population of about 1.5 million. Some report said the subsidence in Semarang probably is occurring for more than 100 years. Geodetic surveys such as GPS Surveys can detect land subsidence accurately. Land subsidence in Semarang exhibits spatial and temporal variations with the typical average rates of about 3 to 10 cm/year until recently it seem the acceleration existed in some region of the city. This acceleration will increase the risk of negative consequences from the land subsidence. This paper present and discuss the acceleration of land subsidence in Semarang as detected from GPS Surveys. The surveys have been conducted in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2016 and 2017. From 2008 to 2012 the subsidence generally follow linier rates while from 2012 to 2017 seem they are accelerating. The northern eastern region of Semarang along the coastal area still exhibits relatively higher rates of subsidence along with acceleration in rates compare to others region. Ground water exploitation is suspected to be the causes of that land subsidence phenomenon in Semarang city