A Rheological Analysis of Biomaterial Behaviour as a Tool to Detect the Dilution of Heather Honey

Heather honey is a valuable and rheologically special type of honey. Its above-average selling price may motivate its intentional violation with a mixture of honey from another botanical origin, the price of which is lower on the market. This work deals with the rheological properties of such devalued heather honey in order to determine the changes in the individual rheological parameters depending on the degree of dilution of the heather honey. For this purpose, a differently diluted heather honey sample series was created and the following rheological parameters were determined: hysteresis area, n-value, yield stress (τ0), parameter B (Weltman model), parameter ϕ, or parameter C (model describing the logarithmic dependence of the complex viscosity on the angular frequency). Part of the work was research into whether the set parameters can be used as comparative parameters. It was found that the hysteresis area does not appear to be a suitable relative comparison parameter due to the high variability. The parameters that appear to be suitable are the relative parameters n-value and the parameter ϕ, which showed the greatest stability. The change in the determined rheological parameters is, depending on the degree of dilution, non-linear with a step change between the samples containing 40% (w/w) and 60% (w/w) of a heather honey.

Nonequilibrium Fluctuations of a Brownian Particle in a Medium with Production of Entropy

The study statistically describes Brownian motion in a locally nonequilibrium medium, taking into account the production of entropy, and proposes to describe the nonequilibrium fluctuations of the velocity of a Brownian particle using a linear integro-differential equation. The characteristic functions of fluctuations of the Brownian particle velocity are obtained, which make it possible to carry out a complete statistical description of Brownian motion in a medium with the production of entropy. Findings of research show that the variance of these fluctuations increases with time according to the logarithmic law. The correlation function of fluctuations of the Brownian particle velocity is calculated and it is shown that it consists of two terms. The first term, which has a power-law dependence, describes equilibrium fluctuations, and the second, which has a logarithmic dependence, describes nonequilibrium fluctuations

Language recognition methods and Voynich Manuscript analysis

The statistical properties of letters frequencies in European literature texts are investigated. The determination of logarithmic dependence of letters sequence for one-languge and two-language texts are examined. The pare of languages are suggested for Voynich Manuscript. The internal structure of Manuscript is considered. The spectral portraits of two-letters distribution are constructed.

A Graphene/Polycrystalline Silicon Photodiode and Its Integration in a Photodiode–Oxide–Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor

In recent years, the characteristics of the graphene/crystalline silicon junction have been frequently discussed in the literature, but study of the graphene/polycrystalline silicon junction and its potential applications is hardly found. The present work reports the observation of the electrical and optoelectronic characteristics of a graphene/polycrystalline silicon junction and explores one possible usage of the junction. The current–voltage curve of the junction was measured to show the typical exponential behavior that can be seen in a forward biased diode, and the photovoltage of the junction showed a logarithmic dependence on light intensity. A new phototransistor named the “photodiode–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (PDOSFET)” was further proposed and verified in this work. In the PDOSFET, a graphene/polycrystalline silicon photodiode was directly merged on top of the gate oxide of a conventional metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). The magnitude of the channel current of this phototransistor showed a logarithmic dependence on the illumination level. It is shown in this work that the PDOSFET facilitates a better pixel design in a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, especially beneficial for high dynamic range (HDR) image detection.

A quantum algorithm for simulating non-sparse Hamiltonians

We present a quantum algorithm for simulating the dynamics of Hamiltonians that are not necessarily sparse. Our algorithm is based on the input model where the entries of the Hamiltonian are stored in a data structure in a quantum random access memory (qRAM) which allows for the efficient preparation of states that encode the rows of the Hamiltonian. We use a linear combination of quantum walks to achieve poly-logarithmic dependence on precision. The time complexity of our algorithm, measured in terms of the circuit depth, is O(t\sqrt{N}\norm{H}\,\polylog(N, t\norm{H}, 1/\epsilon)), where t is the evolution time, $N$ is the dimension of the system, and $\epsilon$ is the error in the final state, which we call precision. Our algorithm can be directly applied as a subroutine for unitary implementation and quantum linear systems solvers, achieving \widetilde{O}(\sqrt{N}) dependence for both applications.

On Boundary Layer Expansions for a Singularly Perturbed Problem with Confluent Fuchsian Singularities

We consider a family of nonlinear singularly perturbed PDEs whose coefficients involve a logarithmic dependence in time with confluent Fuchsian singularities that unfold an irregular singularity at the origin and rely on a single perturbation parameter. We exhibit two distinguished finite sets of holomorphic solutions, so-called outer and inner solutions, by means of a Laplace transform with special kernel and Fourier integral. We analyze the asymptotic expansions of these solutions relatively to the perturbation parameter and show that they are (at most) of Gevrey order 1 for the first set of solutions and of some Gevrey order that hinges on the unfolding of the irregular singularity for the second.

RESEARCH OF DEFORMATIONS AND OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF DEGASATION WELLS

Purpose. Investigation of deformation of the mouth of the degassing well depending on the deformation of the rocks around the preparatory work Methodology. The deformation of the mouth of the degassing well as a function of deformations of the roof rocks of the preparatory workings from which the well was drilled is considered. The dependence of the required depth of well sealing on the level of methane leakage and roof deformation is established. Results. It is experimentally proved that in the zone of active shifts behind the operating lava, where the main amount of explosive methane is released from the massif, the mouths of degassing wells change and the main types of irreversible deformations take place. With the distance from the contour of the preparatory production, the distance between adjacent concentrated deformations of the wellbore increases according to the logarithmic dependence, and these deformations are distributed according to the normal law. The average value of the concentrated deformation of the degassing well is in logarithmic dependence on the displacements on the contour of the preparatory work. The tensile deformation of the degassing well axis decreases with distance from the production contour into the array. Stratification of rocks leads to gas leakage and air suction, which reduces the efficiency of degassing. Permissible concentrated deformations of the degassing wellbore should not exceed its radius. Originality. The empirical power dependence of the required length of sealing of the degassing well on the allowable leaks and displacements of the roof of the preparatory workings from which the well was drilled is established. Practical value. Methods for calculating the required sealing depth of the degassing well have been developed and measures have been proposed to increase its stability, which increase the reliability of the degassing system as a whole and help increase the safety of underground coal mining.

Human factor parameters influence scaling on professional risk level at engineering facilities

The article deals with the workplace safety issues in the machine-building industry taking into account the human factor influence. The significance and quantitative assessment of the human factor influence on the occupational risk level is shown. An integral criterion for assessing the human factor influence on the occupational risk level is proposed, which can be used by specialists in their work. Rating scales «Perception of information», «Decision-making» and «Actions performing» are developed for practical calculations. The empirical and weighted coefficients of the integral criterion parameters reflecting the dependence of the human factor influence on the occupational risk level are determined. A logarithmic dependence between the human factor and the occupational risk level is established

Effect of sampling conditions on the results of the Radon-222 specific activity analysis in drinking water with Gamma/spectrometry

The article deals with researches of the different factors’ impact upon the result of gamma/spectrometric determination of 222Rn specific activity in drinking water during sampling. We determined the impact of the air presence in a sampler, pH of water and temperature regime of the sample storage. We have shown that occasional ingress of air in a sampler considerably (two and more times) decreases the analysis results. The observed dependence of the resu lt decrease (in comparison with the reference sample) on the air volume to water volume relation in the sample is close to the logarithmic dependence. Thus, the 40 ml volume of air in a two-liter sampler gave approximately 10 % lower result of the radon determination in comparison with that in the reference sample. At the same time, the sample acidulation with nitric acid to pH = 1,2–2,5 and a sample single frosting/defrosting cycle did not result in statistically reliable distinction of the result from that of the reference sample.

Burn Time of Metal Nanoparticles

This article will discuss the combustion of metal nanoparticles and explain the burn time dependence on particle size. In contrary to common belief in the power law (tb~d0.3), which, in our knowledge, is simply an experimental fit to data, we propose the logarithmic law (tb~ln(d)) that describes well the known results on nano-aluminum combustion. We derived the logarithmic dependence from a simple model taking into account the energy balance on the surface of a burning metal nanoparticle. The model in question is based on the small energy accommodation coefficient (EAC), which was recently utilized to solve experimental puzzles such as the significant temperature gap between the burning nanoparticle and the environment. A discussion on EAC, which value is important for the correct modeling of nanoparticle combustion, is also included. A way to generalize the considered combustion model is suggested.