RESEARCH OF DEFORMATIONS AND OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF DEGASATION WELLS

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Artem Merzlikin ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Yaytsov ◽  
Olga Pidgurnaya ◽  
Victor Nazimko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Normal Law ◽  
Concentrated Deformation ◽  
Roof Rocks ◽  
Preparatory Work ◽  
Logarithmic Dependence ◽  
Roof Deformation

Purpose. Investigation of deformation of the mouth of the degassing well depending on the deformation of the rocks around the preparatory work Methodology. The deformation of the mouth of the degassing well as a function of deformations of the roof rocks of the preparatory workings from which the well was drilled is considered. The dependence of the required depth of well sealing on the level of methane leakage and roof deformation is established. Results. It is experimentally proved that in the zone of active shifts behind the operating lava, where the main amount of explosive methane is released from the massif, the mouths of degassing wells change and the main types of irreversible deformations take place. With the distance from the contour of the preparatory production, the distance between adjacent concentrated deformations of the wellbore increases according to the logarithmic dependence, and these deformations are distributed according to the normal law. The average value of the concentrated deformation of the degassing well is in logarithmic dependence on the displacements on the contour of the preparatory work. The tensile deformation of the degassing well axis decreases with distance from the production contour into the array. Stratification of rocks leads to gas leakage and air suction, which reduces the efficiency of degassing. Permissible concentrated deformations of the degassing wellbore should not exceed its radius. Originality. The empirical power dependence of the required length of sealing of the degassing well on the allowable leaks and displacements of the roof of the preparatory workings from which the well was drilled is established. Practical value. Methods for calculating the required sealing depth of the degassing well have been developed and measures have been proposed to increase its stability, which increase the reliability of the degassing system as a whole and help increase the safety of underground coal mining.

scholarly journals Method for constructing estimates of accuracy of measuring equipment based on Bayesian scientific approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01070
Author(s):  
Rustam Khayrullin
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Distribution Laws ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Normal Law ◽  
Self Learning

Before putting new unique samples of technical systems into commercial operation, as well as before introducing new technologies into production, as a rule, all kinds of tests are carried out. Small and very small volume of statistical data during testing is a characteristic feature of unique and small-scale products and technical systems. Therefore, the problem of constructing effective statistical estimates with a limited amount of statistical information is an important practical problem. The article proposes the development of the Bayesian approach to the construction of point and interval estimates of the parameters of the known distribution laws. The joint use of a priori and posterior information in the processing of statistical data of a limited volume can significantly increase the reliability of the result. As an example, we consider two most typical distribution laws that arise when testing new unique samples of measuring devices and equipment: normal distribution with an unknown average value and a known dispersion, as well as with an unknown average value and an unknown dispersion. It is shown that for these cases, the parameters of the distribution laws themselves are random variables and obey the normal law and gamma normal law. Recalculation formulas are obtained to refine the parameters of these laws, taking into account a posteriori information. If these formulas are applied several times successively, the process of self-learning of the system or self-tuning of the system occurs. Thus, the proposed scientific approach can find application in the development of intelligent self-learning and self-turning systems.

scholarly journals Some Stochastic Specific Features of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Carbonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
S. N. Osipov ◽  
A. V. Zakharenko ◽  
V. M. Chik
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Variation Coefficient ◽  
Stochastic Estimation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Residual Thickness ◽  
Multiple Measurements ◽  
Normal Law ◽  
Corrosion Of Steel

Reliable calculation of concrete carbonization development is considered as a basis of forecasting corrosion of steel reinforcement and longevity of reinforced construction structures. Investigation results for stochastic specific features of carbonization in a protective concrete layer or its residual thickness in reinforced structures operating in airspace have been obtained for the last 20 years. In this case it is recommended for simulation of a protective concrete layer to use a normal law of distribution and a histogram which looks like distribution of extreme values is recommended for its residual thickness. Stochastic estimation for multiple measurements (1211 results excluding obviously unsuccessful ones) has made it possible to determine rather large values of variation coefficient (maximum values up to 0.34 with average index about 0.19) for indices of initial carbonization for С12/15−С20/25 concrete grades. At the same time these variation coefficients for С25/30 and С30/37 concrete grades have decreased up to 0.15 and 0.11, respectively. It has been established that density of distribution for random carbonization values of С12/15−С18/22.5 concrete grades being operated under conditions of agricultural premises with high aggressive environment corresponds, as a rule, to a normal law after excluding evidently unwanted values. In this connection use of maximum and minimum values of concrete carbonization in selections for estimation of variation coefficients differs from determination for the whole selection and it requires a corresponding correction. While operating С12/15−С18/22.5 concrete grades under conditions of agricultural premises in the period of 10−40 years average values of variation coefficients remain approximately constant with fluctuation up to ±0.01 with average value of 0.11−0.12. Spread in some variation coefficient values for concrete carbonization is decreasing from two to 1.25-fold within this period of time and later on it likely becomes stabilized. As a whole while determining duration of concrete protective layer carbonization it is necessary to take into account not only stochasticity of concrete protective layer and carbonization rate but also random values of concrete carbonization at specific carbonization rate and depth.

The Effect of Strain Rate Upon the Bending Behavior of Materials

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Davies ◽  
C. L. Magee
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Dynamic Stress ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
Logarithmic Dependence

The maximum loads sustainable in both four-point bending and prebent hinge collapse tests of several materials have been determined at crosshead rates from 4.2 × 10−3 mm/s to 4.2 m/s (10−2–104 in./min). All the materials exhibit a logarithmic dependence of flow stress on crosshead rate; this dependence is consistent with that previously reported for tensile deformation. Although there are some minor differences in the dynamic stress factors obtained by the bending and tensile methods, all the methods rank the materials in the same order. Thus, for materials evaluation the most convenient test method, which is usually the tensile test, can be chosen. For more complex loading geometries than considered here, scale model testing would yield the most reliable results.

TEM examination of 2014-SiC metal matrix composite

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 726-727
Author(s):  
M. G. Burke ◽  
M. N. Gungor ◽  
P. K. Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Ion Milling

Aluminum-based metal matrix composites offer unique combinations of high specific strength and high stiffness. The improvement in strength and stiffness is related to the particulate reinforcement and the particular matrix alloy chosen. In this way, the metal matrix composite can be tailored for specific materials applications. The microstructural characterization of metal matrix composites is thus important in the development of these materials. In this study, the structure of a p/m 2014-SiC particulate metal matrix composite has been examined after extrusion and tensile deformation.Thin-foil specimens of the 2014-20 vol.% SiCp metal matrix composite were prepared by dimpling to approximately 35 μm prior to ion-milling using a Gatan Dual Ion Mill equipped with a cold stage. These samples were then examined in a Philips 400T TEM/STEM operated at 120 kV. Two material conditions were evaluated: after extrusion (80:1); and after tensile deformation at 250°C.

Texture and crystallite microstrain development during tensile deformation of copper - simulation and comparison to experimental results

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR4) ◽  
pp. Pr4-61-Pr4-68
Author(s):  
S. Aris ◽  
R. V. Martins ◽  
J. Wegener ◽  
V. Honkimäki ◽  
A. Pyzalla
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Experimental Results

Implementasi Pembelajaran Kontekstual berpendekatan Learning Community pada Bidang Studi Fiqh dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Prestasi Belajar Siswa MI Mambaul Hidayah Mengelo Sooko Mojokerto

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Masadah Masadah
Keyword(s):  
Learning Community ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Contextual Learning ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Action Execution ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Community Approach ◽  
Motivation And Achievement

Education is a conscious and systematic effort not only to humanize human beings but also for human beings to realize their position as khalifatullah fil ardhi, which in turn will increasingly increase itself to be a pious, faithful, knowledgeable and virtuous man. In general the problems formulated in this research is whether Implementation of Contextual Learning with Learning Community approach can improve student's motivation and achievement in FIQH study field? How Implementation of Contextual Learning has a Learning Community approach that can improve students' motivation and achievement in FIQH? Field. This research was conducted in Mojokerto Regency, precisely at MI Mambaul Hidayah Mengelo Sooko Mojokerto. This research is a classroom action research with collaborative type. This research phase follows a model developed by Kemmis and Taggart, which is a spiral cycle that includes planning activities, action execution, observation, and reflection. The data collection techniques used are: (1) observation; (2) measurement of learning result test; and (3) documentation. Data obtained from the action are then analyzed. Qualitative data consisting of observation and documentation are analyzed qualitatively, while data collected in the form of numbers or quantitative data, simply by using descriptive analysis and visual presentation. Based on the results of research that has been implemented can be concluded that the Implementation of Contextual Learning with Learning Community approach can improve student's motivation and achievement in the field of FIQH study. From the data in the field shows that there is an increase in student learning motivation that the initial average value of pre-test of 20 increased to 24 or about 20% in cycle I, in cycle II more increased to 31 or about 55%, and in cycle III the more increased to 45 or about 125%. Level of increase between cycle I with cycle II about 29%, between cycle II with cycle III about 45%, between cycle III with cycle I about 87%. With the increase of students' learning motivation, their learning achievement also increased, whereas the average value of pre test of 6.60 increased to 6.84 or about 4% in cycle I, in cycle II more increased again to 7.75 or about 17 %, and in cycle III it increases to 8.80 or about 35%. The level of improvement between cycle I with cycle II is about 13%, between cycle II with cycle III about 15%, between cycle III with cycle I about 30%.

KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Habibullah
Keyword(s):  
Civil Servant ◽  
Lesson Plans ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Weak Point ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Material Organization

AbstractPedagogical competence is one of important competencies to the teachers. Therefore, this study aims to determine how the pedagogical competence of teachers is, viewed from the aspects of learning know­ledge skills, preparation of lesson plans, and learning in the classroom. This study used the quantitative method with 631 respondents of civil servant teachers of Islamic Education at school and teachers of ge­neral subjects at madrasah (Islamic school) recruited from non-permanent teachers in 20 districts/cities in Central Java province, selected at random. The findings show that teachers’ pedagogical competence knowledge on the aspect of learning knowledge skills is in the “poor” category, the aspect of students’ potential development knowledge and reflective efforts to improve the learning quality becomes a very weak point at an average value with the “very poor” category. In addition, the aspect of ability to prepare lesson plans is in the “sufficient” category, the teaching material organization and the evaluation aspect are very weak competence aspects, which get “poor”. Meanwhile, the competence of learning implemen­tation aspect is in the “sufficient” category. AbstrakKompetensi pedagogik merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang penting bagi guru. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kompetensi pedagogik guru, dilihat dari aspek kemampuan pengetahuan pembelajaran, menyusun rancangan pembelajaran (RPP), dan pembelajaran di kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan responden 631 guru PNS Pendidikan Agama Islam pada sekolah dan guru mata pelajaran umum pada madrasah yang direkrut dari guru honorer di 20 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang dipilih secara random. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik guru pada aspek kemampuan pengetahuan pembelajaran dalam kategori “kurang”, aspek pengetahuan pengembangan potensi peserta didik dan upaya reflektif untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran menjadi titik yang sangat lemah dengan mendapat nilai rata-rata dengan kategori “sangat kurang”. Selain itu, aspek kemampuan menyusun RPP dalam kategori “cukup”, aspek pengorganisasian materi ajar dan aspek evaluasi merupakan aspek kemampuan yang sangat lemah dengan mendapatkan nilai “kurang”. Sedangkan, aspek kemampuan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran dalam kategori “cukup”.

Managing total reduced sulfur emissions at a Canadian kraft pulp mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROHAN BANDEKAR ◽  
JIM FREDERICK ◽  
JAROSLAV STAVIK
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Emission Limit ◽  
Total Reduced Sulfur ◽  
Reduced Sulfur ◽  
Air Ingress ◽  
Solids Content

This study addresses the challenges a dissolving-grade pulp mill in Canada faced in 2014 in meeting its total reduced sulfur (TRS) gas emission limit. These emissions from the recovery boiler exit are controlled by passing the boiler exit gas through a TRS scrubber system. The mill employs a cyclonic direct contact evaporator to concentrate black liquor to firing solids content. The off-gases from the direct contact evaporator flow to the effluent gas control system that consists of a venturi scrubber, a packed bed scrubber, and a heat recovery unit. Emissions of TRS greater than the regulated limit of 15 ppm were observed for a 4-month period in 2014. The level of emissions measured during this period was significantly higher than about 12 ppm, the expected average value based on historic experience. The problem persisted from mid-June 2014 until the annual mill shutdown in October 2014. The main TRS components detected and the performance of the Teller scrubber in capturing them are examined. Other potential causes for these emissions are identified, including mechanical problems such as broken packing in the TRS packed bed scrubber, broken baffle plates in the scrubber, and cyclone evaporator leaks causing air ingress. Repairs were carried out during the mill shutdown, which eliminated the TRS emissions problem.

ANALISA KESEHATAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN PERUSAHAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ALTMAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR KOMPONEN OTOMOTIF YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2011 – 2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Indar Khaerunnisa ◽  
Edy Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Financial Ratio ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Grey Area ◽  
Financial Ratio Analysis ◽  
Year 2013

The Indonesian government has set the motor vehicle industry as one of the priority industries of the national interest, economic growth, and increased productivity. In order for the survival of a company is maintained, then the management should be able to maintain or even more spur increased performance. Various analyzes were developed to predict the beginning of the bankruptcy of the company. One analysis is widely used today is the analysis of Altman Z-Score, which this analysis refers to the financial ratios of the company. The purpose of this study was to analyze the bankruptcy of the automotive components companies that go public in Indonesia Stock Exchange year period 2011–2015. This study used a sample of four companies from the automotive components sector. Source of data is done by using secondary data. The data is processed by the method of the Z-score formula Z = 1,2X1 + 1,4X2 + 3,3X3 + 0,6X4 + 0,999X5. With the description of Z < 1,8 the company categorized into unhealthy/will be bankrupt, the value Z 1,8 < 2,99 the company is considered to be in the uncertain/grey area and the value of Z > 2,99 then the company is in a very healthy. In general, the results of these studies indicate that the four automtive components companies namely PT Astra Otoparts year 2011 value of Z = 14,67 year 2012 value of Z = 10,88 year 2013 value of Z = 13,90 year 2014 value of Z = 10,54 year 2015 value of Z = 4,94, PT Gajah Tunggal year 2011 value of Z = 5,72 year 2012 value of Z = 4,75 year 2013 value of Z = 3,10 year 2014 value of Z = 2,79 year 2015 value of Z = 1,58 and the average value of 2011-2015 periode Z = 3,59, PT Goodyear Indonesia year 2011 value of Z = 2,07 year 2012 value of Z = 2,44 year 2013 value of Z = 2,57 year 2014 value of Z = 2,02 year 2015 value of Z = 2,76, PT Indomobil Sukses Internasional year 2011 value of Z = 6,19 year 2012 value of Z = 3,99 year 2013 value of Z = 3,17 year 2014 value of Z = 2,59 year 2015 value of Z = 1,74. The average value 2011-2015 period showed 3 companies are in very healthy state and 1 company is in the uncertain/grey area. Keywords: Financial Ratio Analysis, Analysis of bankruptcy, Altman Z-Score Analysis, Automotive Components Company, Go Public.

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA KOPERASI KARYAWAN SUCOFINDO (KOPERASI SUCOFINDO JAYA) TAHUN 2009 – 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sri Marti Pramudena
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to determine the financial position and financial performance Cooperative Sucofindo Jaya (KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA) from fiscal year 2009-2011 through a comparative analysis / comparisons and ratio analysis. From the research, the authors obtained a picture that results of the financial position and financial performance of KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA as follows: (1) To Horizontal Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows the overall unfavorable developments as the rise of short-term debt experienced a greater percentage increase than the increase in current assets (2) For Horizontal Analysis of the SHU, SHU in 2010 an increase of 125.38% compared to 2009 and in 2011 increased by 282.47% compared to 2009, but this increase was not followed by a reduction in the burden of cost of goods, especially business and this increase was obtained from the contribution percentage increase in other income. (3) For Vertical Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows that in terms of assets, current assets are assets that make up the largest component but also cause considerable investment value embedded in current assets and also showed asset turnover, receivables turnover and working capital is very low under 1 times. (4) For the SHU Vertical analysis shows that income JAYA KOPSUCOFINDO more than 85% absorbed in the Cost of Goods. (5) For liquidity analysis showed that highly liquid KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA obtain an average value above 400%. (6) For solvency analysis shows that the performance is not good / not solvable because the results of the analysis LITA average of above 95%, Total Debt to Equity Ratio in the top 2.000%, and Net Worth Debt Ratio to average below 4%. (7) For activity ratios indicate that the performance is not good for Turnover of Assets value of 1 times. (8) For the rentability analysis KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA show results for ROA of 0.86% (2009), 1.31% (2010), 1.18% (2011), ROE in 2009 is 14.81%, 26.43% in 2010 and 2011 amounted to 31.11%, for the ROI of 0.56% in 2009, in 2010 was 0.96% and by 0.93% in 2011. (9) For the analysis of profitability, for the analysis of GPM in 2009 amounted to 1.49%, in 2010 of 2.31% and 3.92% in 2011. As for the analysis of NPM in 2009 amounted to 0.97%, in 2010 by 1.70% and by 3.10% in 2011. Keywords:  Cooperative Financial Performance, horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, Analysis of Liquidity, Solvency Analysis, Activity Analysis, Profitability Analysis, profitability analysis

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