Effect of straw biochar amendment on tobacco growth, soil properties, and rhizosphere bacterial communities

Biochar is an effective soil conditioner. However, we have limited understanding of biochar effects on the tobacco growth and bacterial communities in rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different straw biochar amendment (0, 2, 10, and 50 g/kg dry soil) on tobacco growth, soil properties, and bacterial communities in rhizosphere by pot trials. Most of tobacco agronomic traits increased when the application rate varied from 0 to 10 g/kg, but were inhibited by 50 g/kg of biochar application. Soil pH, SOC, available nutrients and soil urease, invertase, and acid phosphatase activities were all increased with the biochar application, whereas catalase activity decreased or remained unchanged. The OTUs and bacterial community diversity indices differed with the biochar application doses in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. And significant differences in bacterial communities were found between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils despite the biochar addition. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in all soil samples, but they had different abundances in different treatment influenced by the rhizosphere and biochar effect. The high dose of biochar (50 g/kg) decreased the similarity of soil bacterial community structure in rhizosphere compared with those in non-rhizosphere soil. These results provide a better understanding of the microecological benefits of straw biochar in tobacco ecosystem.

Tobacco Stalk Biochar Application Improves Soil Fertility and Flue-Cured Tobacco Growth

Tobacco stalks the main agricultural waste after tobacco harvest, are generally discarded directly or returned to the field after burning. They are rarely processed into biochar, a product that could benefit soil properties. To explore the effects of applying tobacco stalk biochar on soil fertility and tobacco production, tobacco was grown at six biochar application levels (0, 3,000, 4,500, 6,000, 9,000 and 12,000 kg ha-1) in three different sites (Jianchuan, Midu and Eryuan) in Dali County, Yunnan Province. Biochar decreased soil bulk density, increased large and small soil aggregate proportion, and increased soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks. Biochar also improved the yield and quality of tobacco leaves at all sites. Biochar rates of 3,000, 4,500 and 6,000 kg ha-1 linearly improved soil fertility and agronomic traits while application rate of biochar exceeding 9,000 kg ha-1reduced plant growth. Moreover, the optimum biochar application rates for better plant height, stem diameter, maximum leaf length and leaf width, yield, and average price differed by site. These rates were: 6,000 kg ha-1(Midu), 3,000 kg ha-1(Eryuan) and4,500 kg ha-1(Jianchuan), respectively. In conclusion, appropriate application of biochar could improve soil nutrients and contribute to tobacco growth in different soil nutrient conditions.© 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Tobacco Farming Mapping To Determine The Number Of Plants Using Contour Detection Method

Indonesia’s climate has suitable for tobacco growth. tobacco plants can live in drylands. Tobacco is planted optimum with a size of 100cm x 70cm. The right size is used to count the amount of tobacco that will be planted according to the area of the land. Technology developed to help the farmer to monitor their crops and yields, by using image processing. Farmers can count easily without having to go to the field to calculate manually. In our research, image processing is used combined with knowledge base data. Images taken using drones, then be processed using image processing using the contour detection method to count the number of a tobacco plant. The results of 80 times system testing, which is using 4 parameters, 20 samples for each parameter. The success rate of the first test was 86.597% with a 13.402% error rate. The second test’s success rate is 87.63% with a 12.306% error rate. of the third test obtained an 87.033% success rate and an error rate of 12.966%. The fourth test results from an 85.431% success rate and 14.56% error rate.

A Novel Growth Evaluation System for Tobacco Planting Based on Image Classification

A novel growth evaluation system for tobacco planting (GESTP) based on a B/S architecture is introduced in this paper. It mainly consists of three parts: a mobile application (mobile app), a browser terminal and a server terminal. The GESTP system is used to evaluate the growth of tobacco and give farmers planting guidance instead them having to rely on personal judgment. Once the photos of the tobacco leaf and plant are uploaded to the web server via the mobile app or the browser terminal, the application program of the server terminal is called to process the tobacco images with image processing algorithms. The results including the grade of the tobacco growth and planting guidance will be provided to the client within a 2-second timeframe, which greatly help farmers understand the growth of tobacco and take planting measures. The running result indicates that the GESTP system provides an effective and straightforward way to evaluate the growth of tobacco and provides cultivation guidance to tobacco farmers.