Determination of organic impurities in cobalt production solutions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used for the analysis of cobalt production solutions by JSC “Kola MMC”. The presence of some new organic impurities in the circulating extractant was established and their influence on the physicochemical properties of the extractant has been determined. The paper considers reasons for the appearance of esters and chlorine derivatives impurities in solutions.

Innovative Solutions to Decarbonize Hydrogen Production

The Energy Transition mandates durable long-term solutions for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by addressing future energy needs in terms of generation, storage and utilization. Hydrogen is essential to low-carbon energy solutions, particularly in the "difficult-to-decarbonize" segment of energy markets. Deeply decarbonized, cost-effective hydrogen production solutions are already accessible at industrial scale, for both new plants and for retrofits. For newly built plants we easily arrive at deeply reduced carbon footprints, and KPI's comparable to the most competitive green solutions. Retrofitting existing hydrogen plants to "blue plants" is not only feasible, but is a particularly cost-effective carbon reduction measure. This paper addresses carbon intensity of various hydrogen production routes: ranging from traditional grey hydrogen (itself with proven options for carbon mitigation) through blue hydrogen with various schemes and capture depths, as well as green hydrogen (generally by electrolysis).

ARCHITECTURAL SPACE IN DANCE AS AN ARTISTIC AND FIGURATIVE SYSTEM

The study examines the expressive means of dance and architecture, establishes common and specific areas in the nature of their artistic language, identifies the extent of interaction between architectural principles with dance dramaturgy and choreographic composition, and analyzes examples of interpretation of dance production solutions in the architectural space. Through a simultaneous review, the author examines the expressive means of dance and architecture, establishing the common and the specific in the expressive and pictorial nature of their artistic language. The focus is on identifying the degree of influence of architectural principles on the dance drama, choreographic composition, and the reverse impact. The analysis provides examples of the interpretation of dance staging solutions in the architectural space, including innovative modern practices of the 20th‑21st centuries. The artistic and imaginative metamorphoses of staged choreographic solutions occurring in different kinds of architectural spaces are considered. Starting with the perspectivism of the scenery on the stage and the light architecture of the 18th century, the author moves on to the monumental construction of the large stage performance of the 19th century and concludes with the choreographic experiments of the early 20th century. The article points out that modern times offer the most curious design solutions. There are examples of bold, original methods of interaction between choreography and architecture: dances are staged directly in the interiors of buildings, bypassing the traditional stage platform. The implied idea of human movement in space, encompassing the viewer, appears here because of successively changing impressions. Finally, the author explores the directorial approach, where the choreography itself masters and constructs the architecture, helping the viewer to perceive themselves as if within its own spatial structure. This peculiar artistic and visual synthesis appears in the dynamics of genre and style of the author’s stage context. The study of the specifics of ballet as a dramatic phenomenon seems to be a fundamental research task, because, more than any other theatrics genre, it is the ballet that provided extremely diversified artistic samples of space and stage creativity in the heritage of the 20th century, and probably, will continue to do so in the 21st. The question of dance interpretation in the architectural space is a significant independent subject of research in connection with the structure and evolution of the artistic image in contemporary choreographic art. Against the background of postmodernist modern style trends as a global creative principle of post-culture, this topic includes broad general aesthetic associations. It is vital to the understanding of the artistic process in contemporary art in general.

Adsorptive extraction of chromium (VI) ions from corrosive aqueous solutions

Chromium is one of the most effective metals used for protection and decorative coating of various products. However, chrome plating typically occurs in a strongly acid medium, thus involving the formation of dangerous and corrosive solutions. In this article, we investigate the possibility of removing chromium from such solutions using carbon adsorbents, which allow for almost complete extraction of the metal from production solutions up to a residual content of no more than 0.05 mg/dm3. A significant advantage of carbon adsorbents is their ability to extract chromium (VI) ions without chromium reduction to the trivalent state. It was established that the sorbent under study exhibits the maximum sorption capacity in a strongly acidic medium at pH = 1.2–2.5. This medium causes the formation of a Cr2O7 2- dimer in the solution, which is an adsorbed ion. A scheme of a production unit for chromium adsorption from solutions of electrochemical production was proposed. The choice of an adsorber with a fluidized bed was determined by the maximal interaction of the flow with the adsorbent in such reactors. The adsorber design in the form of a cylindrical column with tapered upper and lower parts assumes installation of distribution grids inside the apparatus. It is proposed to forward the chromium-containing solution of electrochemical production remained after the averaging tank directly to the adsorber with the loading of the carbon adsorbent. In order to ensure the continuity of the extraction mode, it is necessary to apply two parallel working adsorbers, whose technical parameters were calculated to be as follows: the diameter of 1.2 m; the height of 7.5 m; the loading volume of 5.9 m3; and the loading height of 6 m. The calculated process parameters were determined: the linear flow rate along the walls of the adsorber – 12.75 m/h; the duration of the apparatus operation before coal regeneration – 21 days. The proposed scheme can be recommended for recycling water supply.

INCREMENTEL OF RELIABILITY OF OIL PUMPS’S HYDRAULIC SECTIONS

Present days’ high market competitiveness requires wide range of design and production solutions to ensure reliable and efficient usage of various types of machines and equipment. From the different perspective provision of equipment with effective preservation and maintenance characteristics is a critical factor to be taken into an account. Arising from these factors, systematic approach for solution is require together with identification failure related to maintenance and operability of the equipment. Various pumps are used in oilfields and particularly their hydraulic parts are among the equipment sets, requires frequent execution of maintenance and modernization works. The article discusses the issue of increasing the reliability of the hydraulic part of oil field pumps. Keywords: oilfield pump, hydraulic part, reliability, modernization, parameters of statistical distribution.

Mit 3G-plus-Regelung und hochkarätigem Programm

Unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Corona-Verordnung der Bayerischen Landesregierung findet die SPS (Smart Production Solutions) – 31. Internationale Fachmesse der industriellen Automation – vom 23. bis 25. 11. 2021 in Nürnberg als sogenannte 3G-plus-Veranstaltung statt.

Early 20th Century Studio and Theatre Innovations of Vs. E. Meyerhold and S. E. Radlov

The experience of the pedagogical work of the Studio Vsevolod Meyerhold on Borodinskaya Street (1914–1917) to a large extent can be considered one of the important sources of the methodological and pedagogical model inherent in the modern Leningrad — Petersburg theatre school. The education principles of the synthetic actor and director, developed within the studio, combined innovations in the work of teachers and their students both at individual stages of the pedagogical process and on the path to creating a “new” theatre, in a broad understanding of this phenomenon of cultural life at the beginning of the XX century. The unique theatre school-studio became an autonomous art structure, independent of the staffing and financial demands of repertoire and private theatres that studios during this period experienced. For Meyerhold and other teachers of the Studio, particularly, Vladimir Solov’ev, a top priority was reviving the stage technique commedia dell’arte. The student plays of the studio fully reflected the undoubted successes and, naturally, the vulnerabilities inherent in such innovative searches. The article analyzes the detailed list of stylistic, mise-en-scenic and decoration production solutions proposed by Meyerhold and Yuri Bondi, the opportunity to improvise in a pre-prepared directorial plan. Sergei Radlov, a participant in the Studio at Borodinskaya, continued his creative search in the approach proposed by Meyerhold for the development of an improvisational synthetic theatre. Radlov’s directorial and pedagogical work in the studios of Kurmascep, “Popular comedy” (Narodnaya Comediya), etc., at the Institute (later Technical School) of stage arts deserves additional consideration in terms of the scientific analysis of the evolution of his innovative views at the beginning of the century and their interconnection with traditional approaches to theater education and stage practice of those years.

Determination of formaldehyde in production solutions using the piezoelectric sensors

In the current work, piezoelectric sensors based on a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) were obtained for determining the formaldehyde in the industrial solutions of a woodworking plant. The synthesis was carried out directly on the surface of the piezoelectric sensor. In the process of the two-stage thermoimidization of the obtained prepolymerization mixture, a molecular imprinted polyimide of formaldehyde was formed. For the analysis of the supra-resin part of the effluent of the Grafskaya kuhnya LLC (Voronezh) woodworking enterprise, which was obtained by the dry distillation of wood, the method of a calibration graph having a linear relationship was used; the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.97. The detection limit of the piezosensor was 0.6 ∙ 10–4 mol / dm3, the range of determined concentrations was 1.0 – 10–4 mol / dm3. The comparison of piezoelectric sensors based on the polymer without imprints and based on the polymer with imprints of formaldehyde showed high selectivity of the latter for the target molecule. The calculated imprinting factor was 28.3, the coefficient of selectivity with respect to phenol was 0.05, which indicated the selectivity of the modified sensor to formaldehyde. The verification of the correctness of the determination of formaldehyde in the model and production solutions was carried out using the "added-found" method. It was found that the MIP-based sensor was sensitive only to formaldehyde, the relative standard deviation did not exceed 2.0%. In order to assess the effect of the object matrix (formaldehyde) on the value of the resonant frequency, the standard addition method was used. It was determined that the matrix did not affect the value of the analytical signal, the relative standard deviation was 2.8%. For the re-analysis, the piezoelectric sensor was exposed to the regeneration in the oven at 50 ⁰С. The proposed method for determining the concentration of the formaldehyde using the MIP-sensor allowed controlling the content of the toxicant in the industrial solutions.

SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF GOLD (III) BY INERT ORGANIC SOLVENTS AND DETERMINATION OF ITS METHYLENE BLUE (MB) DIRECTLY IN THE ORGANIC PHASE

A new highly selective, accelerated and simple extraction photometric method for determining gold with MB directly in the organic phase has been elaborated. The developed method is tested on the analysis of production solutions of hydrometallurgical plants, concentrates and rocks without separation of accompanying elements. The developed method of extraction-photometric determination of gold with MB is recommended for the analysis of industrial solutions, waste water, ores, concentrates, rocks and other materials complex in terms of chemical composition without separation of the accompanying elements directly in the organic phase. Key words: photometric method, gold, complex compounds, chloroform, gold extraction.