Weekly Crime Concentration

Objectives Examine and visualise the temporal concentration of different crime types and detect if their intensity varies through distinct moments of the week. Methods The “heartbeat of the crime signal” is constructed by overlapping the weekly time they were suffered. This study is based on more than 220,000 crimes reported to the Mexico City Police Department between January 2016 and March 2020 to capture the day and time of crimes and detect moments of the week in which the intensity exceeds the average frequency. A new metric for the temporal concentration of crime is constructed for different types of crime and regions of the city based on the corresponding heartbeats. Results The temporal concentration of crime is a stable signature of different types of crime. The intensity of robberies and theft is more homogeneous from Monday to Sunday, but robberies of a bank user are highly concentrated in a week, meaning that few hours of the week capture most of the burning moments. The concentration is not homogeneously distributed in the city, with some regions experiencing a much higher temporal concentration of crime. Conclusions Crime is highly concentrated when observed in its weekly patterns, but different types of crime and regions exhibit substantially distinct concentration levels. The temporal trace indicates specific moments for the burning times of different types of crime, which is a critical element of a policing strategy.

Reform the Police and End the Violence

Policing in Nigeria has never been this challenging. Aside from accusations of violence and brutality, the police are widely regarded as ineffective and inefficient. While insecurity surges across the country, regional security networks are springing up in an uncoordinated manner, raising questions about ownership and control. This further gave rise to agitations for either community policing and state police from the political class, civil societies, and traditional institutions. This chapter situates police violence in the context of the popular #EndSARS# protest and reviews issues surrounding police reforms in Nigeria. Within the context of the challenging insecurity in the north central region, the chapter looks at the merits and demerits of community police and state police to determine what works and makes recommendations on the appropriate policing strategy in the region.

Ranking policing strategies as a function of criminal complaints: application of the PROMETHEE II method in the Brazilian context

Purpose The purpose of this study is modelling of a problem of policing strategy order using a multicriteria method. Design/methodology/approach For the construction of the impact matrix strategies under the reduction of crime rates, considering a portfolio of crimes, a questionnaire applied to specialists was used. In a second moment, defined the criteria and strategies to be ordered, the multicriteria PROMETHEE II method was used, which with the help of the Visual PROMETHEE software, emulated the systematised data in the impact matrix and produced the final ordering of the most efficient strategies, in the fight against crime, in the perception of decision makers. Findings As a result, this research revealed that radio patrol, when used in a non-randomised manner, is the most effective policing strategy in reducing the 18 criminal demands studied in the perception of decision makers after data emulation with the PROMETHEE II method. Research limitations/implications As research implications, it can be inferred that the use of multicriteria methods in the modelling of problems in public security area can contribute to the rationalisation of use of the available means in the fight against crime in large cities. This research showed that it is possible to use customised policing strategies to absolute reality. Practical implications The practical impact of this research lies in optimising the resources available to law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime in general. Social implications It can be inferred that by choosing appropriate strategies to combat local crime, there is a direct implication in optimising the resources that the government makes available to police agencies. This optimisation allows pressure reduction under the public budget for more features. The model for choosing more effective strategies contributes to local crimes decrease, increasing the sense of the population security. Originality/value The originality lies in filling a gap in the literature with the elaboration of the impact matrix of policing strategies in reducing criminal indices and in their associated use in ordering strategies through a multicriteria method. This study contributed to applied police intelligence.

Community Policing Strategy (Polmas) In The Implementation Of Bhabinkamtibmas Tasks As A Radical Detection Basis

The implementation of the Community Policing Strategy (POLMAS) in the implementation of BhabinKamtibmas duties as the basis for the detection of radical understanding, is very important in creating social security. This study aims to analyze the Polmas Strategy in the implementation of BhabinKamtibmas duties as the basis for the detection of radical understanding, potential constraints and problems related to the implementation of the Polmas Strategy in implementing the duties of BhabinKamtibmas as the basis for the detection of radical understanding. The method used in this research is normative legal research. Sources and data types use primary data and secondary data. The data collection method was done through literature study, while the data analysis method used qualitative analysis. The results showed that the implementation of the Community Police Strategy in the implementation of BhabinKamtibmas duties as the basis for the detection of radical ideology, namely BhabinKamtibmas carrying out door-to-door visits to all areas of its assignment, carrying out and assisting problem solving, organizing and securing activities the public, receive information about the occurrence of non-crime, provide guidance and guidance to the public or the community regarding issues of social security and police services. The obstacles faced are the developing police culture, young police officers, the idiom that police officers on the streets are better than police officers who work behind the desk, the accountability of the police in response to complaints and the dynamics that occur in society, limited human resources, welfare of police officers, 2 police car patrols, accountability command, structural rewards, community satisfaction with police performance, failure to integrate Police work with criminal detection. The problems faced are the public's negative perception of the police, low public awareness of environmental security, sociological diversity of society, ambiguity in people's attitudes, facilities and infrastructure.Keywords: Community Policing; Community Security; Radical Understanding.

US protests will see some police reform locally

Significance The killing of African Americans by police is a major political issue; the death rate is three times higher for blacks than whites. Yet this masks huge geographic variation: killings are concentrated in Southern, Western and Midwestern states, and determined more by policing strategy and neighbourhood demographics than overall crime levels. Impacts Any police reforms made will vary across municipalities, cities and states. Police unions will push back against police reform attempts they consider unjustified or excessive. In some areas, money will be diverted from police funding to other priorities, such as social work and education. Other areas may decide to increase police funding to support law and order. Trump will offer further federal support to states seeing rioting, and money to support damaged businesses.

Racial Displacement in Action?

With the help of Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy, Chicago’s community policing program, safety activists in Rogers Park and Uptown employed a set of powerful strategies for fighting crime—“problem building” and “problem business” interventions, increasing and directing police services by strategically calling 911, attending court hearings as “court advocates,” and reclaiming public space through “positive loitering,” a type of public neighborhood watch. All of these practices were ostensibly race-neutral, but critics could and sometimes did challenge them as tools of racial marginalization. In addition to describing grassroots public safety work, the chapter analyzes how antigentrification activists contested these practices. Furthermore, it shows how safety activists tried to inoculate their efforts against racial contestation by recruiting minority residents, deploying racially benign narratives, and carefully managing situations of conflict.

A model of policing strategy choice

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for the discovery of knowledge in emergency response databases based on police incident reports, generating information that identifies local criminal demands that allow the selection of the appropriate policing strategies portfolio to solve the problem. Design/methodology/approach The developed model uses a methodology for the discovery of knowledge involving text mining techniques using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) integrated with the ELECTRE I multicriteria method. Findings The developed method allowed the identification of the most common criminal demands that occurred from January 1 to December 31, 2016, in the policing areas studied. One of the crimes does not occur homogeneously in a particular locality. In this study, it was initially observed that 40 per cent of the crimes identified in the Integrated Public Safety Area 5, or AISP-5, (historical city center of RJ) had no correlation with AISP-19 (Copacabana - RJ), and 33 per cent of crimes crimes in AISP-19 were not identified in AISP-5. This finding guided the second part of the method that sought to identify which portfolio of policing strategies would be most appropriate for the identified demands. In this sense, using the ELECTRE I method, eight different scenarios were constructed where it can be identified that for each specific criminal demand set there is a set of policing strategies to be applied. Research limitations/implications The collected data represent the social dynamics of neighbourhoods in the central and southern zones of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the specific period from January 2013 to December 2016. This limitation implies that the results cannot be generalised to areas with different characteristics. Practical implications The developed methodology contributes in a complementary way to the identification of criminal practices and their characteristics based on reports of police occurrences stored in emergency response databases. The knowledge generated through the identification of criminal demands allows law enforcement decision makers to evaluate and choose among the available policing strategies, which best suit the reality they study, and produce the reduction of criminal indices. Social implications It is possible to infer that by choosing appropriate strategies to combat local crime, the proposed model will increase the population’s sense of safety through an effective reduction in crime. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the integration of text mining techniques, LDA and the ELECTRE I method for detecting crime in a given location based on crime reports stored in emergency response databases, enabling identification and choice, from customized policing strategies to particular criminal demands.

Strategi Bhabinkamtibmas dalam Upaya Optimalisasi Penerapan Program Door To Door System (Studi Kasus Polsek Menganti)

The situation of security and public order is highly expected by the entire community to be realized, thus giving rise to a sense of peace and peace for every community and can increase motivation and enthusiasm for work. Implementation of the Community Policing Program in the midst of the community was carried out by the Police in Gresik. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Bhabinkamtibmas strategy in an effort to optimize the application of door to door system programs. The research method used is a qualitative approach, which uses data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the community Policing strategy in an effort to optimize the implementation of the door-to-door system program is by rolling out personnel from one village to another; do various door to door system activities; attach police aid stickers to the homes of community leaders; empowerment of local wisdom, as well as the vigorous socialization of police of community partners to eliminate the image of the military police.