Thermoeconomic Simulation of Cascaded and Integrated Vapor Compression-Absorption Refrigeration Systems

The present work is composed by a comparative thermoeconomic analysisbetween two refrigeration systems: Vapor Compression CascadeRefrigeration System (VCCRS) and Integrated Refrigeration System byAbsorption and Vapor Compression (VCACRS). The thermoeconomicanalysis compares the systems under energy, exergy, economic andenvironmental aspects. The development of mathematical models for each ofthe systems is performed through the EES (Engineering Equation Solver)program. The optimized functions are exergy destruction and total cost rate(sum of cost rates of investment, operation, maintenance and enviromental)by minimizing these functions. The optimization method used is theweighted sum of the objectives, this can be achieved by assigning differentweights for each goal, then a new function that represents the linearrelationship between all the objectives is found. In present case the twoobjective functions are exergy destruction and total cost rate. Inmultiobjective optimization, the process of choosing among optimizedsolutions involves the definition of an equilibrium point, also called theideal point. In order to achieve a real solution of the minimum values ofthe described functions simultaneously one must determine which is thesmallest distance from the ideal point to the curve that defines theoptimized solutions. In the study the economical advantage of VCCRS inrelation to VCACRS was demonstrated. VCACRS has a cost 10.26% lowerthan VCCRS while VCCRS has a better exergetic efficiency, with itsdestruction of exergy 38.46% lower than VCACRS.

Environmentally Friendly Route for Fabricating Conductive Agent for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Carbon Nanoparticles Derived from Polyethylene

Here, we introduce an environmentally friendly way of fabricating carbon nanoparticles which can be utilized as conductive agent for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Polyethylene (PE), which comprises the largest portion of plastic waste, was used as a source for carbon nanoparticle synthesis. Sulfonation allowed chemical structural transformation of innately non-carbonizable PE into a carbonizable conformation, and carbon nanoparticles could be successfully derived from sulfonated PE. Then, PE-derived carbon nanoparticles were used as conductive agents for LIBs, and assembled cells exhibited stable performance. Even though the performance is not as good as Super-P, utilization of PE as a source of conductive agent for LIBs might provide an economical advantage to upcycle PE.

Water regeneration as an economical advantage of contemporary pasteurizing machines

The problem of preserving food and increasing their biological stability is one of the important problems of modern food production. The pasteurization process, due to the transition to a temperature of up to 60-70 degrees, remains unchanged preservation of liquid products. The considered system of the tunnel pasteurization process, which is used in the production of beer and other fermentation beverages, makes it possible to increase the energy efficiency of the pasteurization process due to the reuse of heated water and temperature exchange between the chambers of the system and product cooling. Reducing energy consumption for heating by using such an automated system can be up to five times. In addition, the use of this system leads to significant savings in water consumption.

The Application of a Proactive Control Method to Evade the Larger Wave Impacts on Fast Ships

A high speed performance at sea can give an operator a tactical or economical advantage. The success rate of some missions, like Search And Rescue (SAR) operations or patrol duties, is even largely dependent on a quick arrival time of the ship and, thus, demand a high operational speed during daily operations, irrespective of the particular ambient wave conditions. However, a high speed performance in a seaway is often associated with a rather violent motion behaviour in which the resulting large wave impacts, or vertical peak accelerations pose a rather important limiting factor for the vessel’s operability. These impacts not only endanger the safety of the people on board but may also compromise the structural integrity of the ship. Over the past decades, several innovative fast hull forms have been developed in order to reduce these larger wave impacts. One of these designs is called the Enlarged Ship Concept (ESC), in which the length of the hull is increased to enable an optimization of the bow sections from a hydrodynamic point of view (Keuning and Pinkster 1995). This design evolved later into the Axe Bow Concept (ABC), which has an even more radical bow shape to further improve the ship’s behaviour in waves (Keuning 2006).

The Advantage Analysis of Applying Steel Tube Tower in Large Span Engineering

With the operation of the power engineering, such as west-east electricity transmission, the outside sending of the three gorges, areas network and so on, many large span engineering emerged in different part of China. And among it, the key point of the whole subject is the design of the structure. This essay aims mainly at introducing the history and modern application of steel tube tower. Meanwhile do the analysis comparison for the modeling of the transmission tower according to angle steel tower and steel tube tower under the working condition of high winds. Steel tube tower is better because it is smaller in shape factor of wind load than angle steel tower, so it can reduce the tower weight and fundamental effort, the economical advantage is great.

conservation and nutritional quality of blueberry treated with eatable covering

Lengthening the post-harvest life of fruits from temperate climates is one of the greatest challenges of modern agriculture, which aims at diminishing the losses and increasing the offer period of the product in national and international market. The use of eatable pellicles has been explored to cover fruits, since its usage represents an economical advantage, due to its low price and reduction of post-harvest losses. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of blueberry, cultivar Florida M, produced in an organic production system and covered with eatable covering based on kefir grains associated with different storage temperatures. Thus, it was observed that the most efficient treatment to reduce blueberry post-harvest loss was the combination of kefir grains in association with storage cooled at 5 ºC, not changing the chemical composition and nutritional of blueberry.

The Mitsubishi Small Module High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor “MHR-50/100is” — Present Design Status and Its Prospect for Commercialization

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) has been carrying on development of a SMR for global strategic business and a conceptual design study of HTGR, namely MHR-50/100is having a high inherent safety and a high economical advantage for commercialization with supporting by Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). To begin with, a design philosophy of the MHR-50/100is had been set and the next phase, a conceptual design including plant dynamics analysis to investigate operational function and plant controllable performance had been carried out. It has been improved to establish higher safety level to meet the safety requirements after TEPCO’s Fukushima Daiichi Accident on March 11, 2011 in Japan. A market research and a financial analysis to review a feasibility of nuclear business have been studied. Consequently, it has concluded that the large market and the business potential will be prospected. We envisioned that it is effective for acceleration of MHR-50/100is utilization to show wider application of the nuclear energy in general industry as well as electricity generation. In the study cooperative with these users, we have studied on a practical applicability of MHR-50/100is in a typical general industry. A concept of the heat utilization plant consisting of the MHR-50/100is and hydrogen production plant has been developed; a safety concern has been evaluated. This paper reports a summary of a series of the conceptual design studies, and the various evaluation analyses in which we investigated a technical feasibility and a business potential of MHR-50/100is.

High Bs FeSiBPCu Nanocrystalline Wide Ribbons Using Industrial Raw Materials

Nanocrystalline Fe-Si-B-P-Cu wide ribbons, with 15-30mm width, using industrial raw materials have been investigated. A homogeneous nanocrystalline structure composed of α-Fe grains with around 10 nm in diameter was realized after crystallization and the nanocrystalline alloys exhibit the high Bs of 1.74-1.82 T, the low Hc of 6.5-7.2 A/m and the low W at 50Hz-1.7T of 0.42-0.60W/kg. Therefore, the nanocrystalline Fe-Si-B-P-Cu soft magnetic alloy has a large economical advantage of low material cost by using industrial raw materials.

A Feminist Critique of the Role of Medical Discourse in the Introduction of the Breastfeeding Amendment in the Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 NSW

Although breastfeeding in public space is protected under anti-discrimination laws throughout Australia, public breastfeeding remains an ambiguous and controversial issue. The NSW anti-discrimination amendment that expressly permits women to breastfeed in public was introduced using a decidedly medical discourse. Public breastfeeding was legitimised by recourse to the nutritional and economical advantage of breastfeeding. This rationale effectively disengages breastfeeding from the paradigm of women’s rights, and leaves the act of breastfeeding itself open to substitution. A feminist jurisprudential analysis of the legitimising arguments behind the amendment illustrates how the focus on medical and economical concerns obscures the role that nationhood, capital and cultural practice play in denigrating breastfeeding as a distinctly female practice.

System of Hobs Unification for Gear-Wheel Cutting of Worm-Type Gears

Unlike spur and helical gears, manufacturing of worm gears typically requires unique hob cutters for each design. The proposed method allows using the same hob cutter for different designs. The method is supported by tooth-cutting and tooth-contact simulation software. It has been applied to worm, worm face and high ratio hypoid gears. Using the method during design stage provides digital optimization of the tooth contact and prediction of allowable misalignments. The authors are presenting practical methodology and examples of using the software. In practice the proposed method can be described in simple words: Never buy a new worm hob cutter again if you already have a set of unified cutters and the software. Small and middle size companies will gain the most economical advantage if to use the proposed method and software. Larger companies can also benefit from the method by significant reduction of the product development time.