Concerning the closeness of the form of Sufi Kashkul and the Slavic boats

The article deals with investigating the resemblance between the kashkul shape from the collection of the Istanbul Museum of Islamic and Turkish Art and the Slavic type of longship. The specified item is now being kept in the exposition of the specified collection as an item of the Sefevidian era period of the early 17th century under the inventory number 2960. The typological analysis of its shape, peculiarities of the use of similar items in the Orthodox tradition of the Old Rus, Byzantium, separate countries of the Christian world and Scandinavia prove the closeness of this item to the shapes that were common in the Orthodox society. Analysis of the item decoration, the method of its manufacture allows us to assume the contribution of Islamic craftsmen, possibly Persian, to casting of this artefact. The study results are reduced to the basic hypothesis that the object designated in the exposition of the Istanbul Museum of Islamic and Turkish Art called kashkul (a bowl for the poor or a container for alms) has a shape of a golden longship that was in common use between the 10th and 14th centuries in the Kyivan Rus-Byzantine tradition.

Romanian-Greek manuscript inventory number 27 Anthology – An Account of the activity of the copyist Chiril Monahul from Bisericani Monastery (Neamt County)

This paper is a fraction of an ampler project aimed at classifying and studying the entire collection of musical manuscripts from the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldavia and Bukovina of Iasi. This documentary collection consists of a number of 32 musical manuscripts, in Chrysantine notation mainly originating from the 19th century. Manuscript 27 was created in 1846 by Cyril the Monk from the Bisericani Monastery (Neamt county) – he was a psalter, composer and copyist of great talent. He wrote other two manuscripts, ms. inventory numbers 23 and 31/49, which are in the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldavia and Bukovina of Iasi. His own creation (with the mention “by the writer”) in Ms. 27 contains the first psalm, Blessed is the man in the plagal of the 4th mode, the troparia God is with us in the plagal of the 4th mode, the polyeleos Good word in the 4th mode legetos, the doxastikon of the Easter, The day of Ressurection, the plagal of the 1st mode and two heirmoi of the Holy Week. These are chants that are remarkable through their fluidity and expressiveness, as they retain the specific psaltic melodic formulas and reveal a balanced analytical musical writing. The liturgical music in Manuscript 27 consists of various chants, from those performed during the Vespers to the Matin and the Liturgy. Following analysis of the manuscript’s repertoire, I discovered that the main source of Ms. 27 is the first three volumes of the Anthology by Nektarios Frimu, published in Neamț (3rd volume, 1840) and Iași (1st and 2nd volume, 1846). Cyril the Monk, the copyist of Ms. 27, selected works from these sources, and introduced along the self-authored chants mentioned earlier, chants by other lesser-known authors, such as Nechifor (The Blessings of the Ressurection, the plagal of 1st mode in Greek) and Calinic (troparia from the chant Lord is with us, the plagal of the 4th mode in Romanian and the polyeleos The Lord’s servants, the plagal of the 2nd mode, in Greek). Besides, among the chants in Romanian, the manuscript records chants in Greek (by established Greek authors), which are proof of the continuous practice of the Greek chanting in Moldavia, long with that in Romanian, in the period before the Reforms (1863-1864) introduced by Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the ruler of the Romanian Principalities.

THE EVALUATION OF THE QURAN WITH INVENTORY NUMBER 000598 IN THE MANUSCRIPT LIBRARY OF DIB IN TERM OF ART OF ILLUMINATION

Manuscripts are the most important parts of the cultural heritage. Manuscripts are kept in various libraries and museums in Turkey. The study aimed to evaluate the art of illumination of the Quran with inventory number 000598 in the Manuscript Library of the Directorate of Religious Affairs. The visual materials obtained as a result of the research conducted in the library. The study was conducted according to the descriptive research method. The line type used in manuscript is the Reyhani line, one of the Hüsnü Hat types. During the examination of color and motif features was determined that it reflects the characteristics of the Seljuk period. The colors used in illuminated pages generally preserve their liveliness, although a little wear on the manuscript the general condition is good. Key Words: Quran, illumination, manuscript

The First Publisher, Deacon Ivan Fedorov’s Books in the Collection of the Moscow Theological Academy

Средневековая культура Древней Руси сохранилась до нашего времени в немногих предметах церковного искусства, которые, как драгоценные жемчужины, рассеяны по всему миру, напоминая современным людям о том, что когда-то этот многоценный бисер пронизывал не только богослужебную жизнь, но и быт, и все сферы жизни человека. Такая «воцерковленная» культура непрестанно напоминала средневековым людям о предназначении жизни человека, о спасительном пути духовной жизни, ограждала от ошибок и в каком-то смысле направляла к святости. Рукописная книга, а затем и печатная, в большинстве своем религиозная, была неотъемлемой частью этой культуры. Немного таких книг дошло до наших дней. В наше время они являются не только благочестивым чтением, дающим возможность прикоснуться к Божественным истинам и к православной культуре Святой Руси, но прежде всего являются предметом исследования. В статье представлено научное описание трех книг: Псалтири с Новым Заветом 1580 г. и двух экземпляров Библии 1581 г., напечатанных в Остроге первопечатником диаконом Иваном Федоровым, из собрания библиотеки Московской Духовной Академии. Библия (инв. № 4026) и Псалтирь с Новым Заветом (инв. № 188177), не являясь изначально предназначенными для литургического применения, имеют читательские заметки богослужебного характера, свидетельствующие об использовании этих книг во времена гонений ХХ в. из-за недостатка богослужебных изданий. При сравнении двух экземпляров Острожской Библии (инв. № 4026 и № 209563) с 29 вариантами набора данного издания, выявленных А. С. Зерновой, было установлено, что они не соответствуют ни одному из этих типов и могут быть рассмотрены как еще два варианта набора. Все три книги имеют записи или читательские заметки. The medieval culture of Ancient Rus has survived up to these days only in a few grains such as church art objects which like precious pearls are scattered across the globe reminding us, modern people, that once these spiritual beads ran not only though the liturgical life but also through an everyday life and area of human life. Such clirical culture incessantly reminded medieval people of the purpose of a human life, salvific way of spiritual life and protected them from making mistakes, so called led them to holiness. Handwritten books and later printed ones, being mostly religious, were an integral part of that culture. Few of these books have survived. Nowadays they are not just objects for pious reading, which give readers an opportunity to gat an accsess to the divine truths and the Orthodox culture. First of all, they became a subject of research. The article presents a scientific description of three books of Psalms and New Testament (1580) as wells as two Bible copies (1581) printed in Ostrog by a pioneer publisher, Deacon Ivan Fedorov, from the collection of the Moscow Theological Academy Library. The Bible (the inventory number 4026) and the book of New Testament and Psalms (the inventory number 188177) were not originally ment for the liturgical use, howerer, some readers’ liturgical notes testify that these books were used in churches during the 20th century repressions due to a lack of liturgical literature. While comparing two copies of the Ostrog Bible (the inventory number 4026 and the inventory number 209563) with 29 typing variants of the same edition identified by Zernova it was concluded that they do not correspond to any of these types and could be identified as two extra typing variants. All three books have readers’ notes.

THE DIGITIZATION OF THE DEPOSITORY OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPOSITIONAL FUNDS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF THE VNIIP – FSC VIEV: MODERN BASIS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF THE ERGONOMICS OF WORK WITH A PREPARATION COLLECTION

During more than a century of existence of the Skryabinsky Helminthological Museum, now The Helminthological Museum of VNIIP – FSC VIEV, there was a constant replenishment of its funds. Currently, scientific information on 24,129 helminthological preparations is deposited and systematized in the Museum's computer database. All types of work carried out with the helminthological preparation collection are related to the search for specific zoological species of parasites, inventory numbers of objects, and identification of their direct physical location in the depository. There is a need to record information about the date and time of removal of objects from the collection, their return to the place of withdrawal, and possible movements through the departments of the depository. In order to optimize the ergonomics of work with the preparation collection, it is for the first time that a system of structuring has been developed and the depository of scientific and expositional funds of the Helminthological Museum of the VNIIP – FSC VIEV has been digitized. In the department "preparations of the wet helminth collection", 48 sectors are structurally allocated and designated, where 576 locations were indexed. In the department of "microslides" (histological and total microslides), 800 locations were digitized. In the department "types of helminth species" – 40 locations. In the expositional department of the Helminthological Museum, 125 locations were indexed in 38 selected sectors. Each of the 1541 locations was assigned a digital index. The unique inventory number of each storage item was linked to a specific location in the depository of the Museum collection through digital indexing. Information on the actual placement of items in the collection was entered into the database of the currently operated version of the "Computer Handbook of preparations of the Helminthological Museum of the VNIIP – FSC VIEV. The principle of "on–line" access to the actual coordinates of the physical location of any deposited item located in the computer registry of the collection is implemented. Computerized control over the dynamics of movement of any inventory item over the locations of the Museum depository has been introduced. Digitization of the structure of the depository of the scientific and expositional funds significantly optimized the ergonomics of the Museum staff's work with the collection of helminthological preparations.

INVENTORY INFORMATION SYSTEM ON WELDING TECHNIQUES WORKSHOP

In managing laboratory equipment at SMK Negeri 1 Gunungputri, they still use manual methods and the toolman or head of the workshop does not collect data continuously, causing data and goods in the field to be incompatible, then there is no inventory number that causes lost items cannot be identified, therefore needed an Information System Inventory of Welding Engineering Workshop. This system uses the System Development Life Cycle method with Object Oriented Design modeling, with an Information System Inventory Workshop Welding Techniques can make it easier to identify every item in the field, reduce errors in terms of storage of goods, search for data and can facilitate the search for goods, especially in the Engineering workshop Welding.

Psaltic repertoire, authors and transcribers of Ms. Rom.- Greek 23 Anthologhion from the “Dumitru Stăniloae” Ecumenical Library of the Metropolitan Church of Moldova and Bukovina in Iasi

The present study concerns the musical repertoire in the Romanian-Greek manuscript inventory number 23 from the ‘Dumitru Stăniloae’ Ecumenical Library of of the Metropolitan Church of Moldavia and Bukovina in Iasi, its authors, and the musical sources these authors used. The musical content of the manuscript is comparatively rich; there are mainly chants from the Holy Liturgy, Vespers and Matins. From the service of the Holy Liturgy, it stands out the group of “extensive” style cherouvika composed by Konstantinos Potopsaltis, translated in Romanian version, less commonly found in the Moldavian manuscripts. Among the chants of the Vespers, the psalm Blessed be the man is noteworthy. The present version belongs to Chiril the Monk from the Bisericani Monastery (Neamt County), who was active in the first half of the nineteenth century. Also prominent in the manuscript is a type of chant belonging to the Matins, the polyeleos. A good word, one such polyeleos, devoted to the feast of the Theotokon, is found in three versions. One of them, authored by Chiril the Monk, is in the third mode, while the other two are in the fourth mode, legetos. The first fourth mode polyeleos can be traced back to a source by Greek composer Chourmouzios the Archivist, but the Romanian author of the musical adaptation is not specified. The second one, in the “abridged”, “syntoma” style, was composed by Dimitrie Suceveanu. The fourth polyeleos in the Ms. no. 23, By the River of Babylon is one specific of the Great Lent. This polyeleos is distinct from the pieces that was musically translated by the Romanian composer Nektarios Frimu in the first volume of his Antology (published in 1846). Ms. no. 23 is significant because of its repertoire, but also because it is part of a group of five manuscripts, belonging to different documentary funds, yet each was compiled by the same talented copyist and composer, the monk Chiril from the Bisericani Monastery of Neamt county, as Byzantinologist Alexie Buzera also notes in one of his studies (1998). It must also be mentioned that the musical variants authored by Chiril the Monk were published only fragmentarily.

The Merezhkovskys’ Paris library: Description of printed materials in Russian

The material provides a detailed description of 14 files corresponding to 14 titles of the Russian-language prints from Zinaida Gippius and Dmitry Merezhkovsky Paris library sold to the National Library of France (BnF) by Vladimir Zlobin. The description is an annex to the article “Zinaida Gippius reading works from her Paris library” published in issue 14 of Literaturnyi Fakt (2019). All prints are presented in alphabetical order. Each entry contains detailed bibliographic data supplemented by the book or magazine issue code in the BnF catalog, as well as the inventory number and the price from the inventory, which records the act of acquiring the Merezhkovskys’ library by the BNF. In order to introduce Merezhkovskys' notes into scientific circulation as fully as possible, the description systematically gives the pages and lines marked by the spouses and all the textual and non-textual annotations of the owners. The graphic characteristics of the notes (color, means — ink, pencil, etc.) are also reproduced, making it possible to transmit Merezhkovskys’ multi-layer notes with great precision. The description is particularly useful for the study of Merezhkovskys' creative method and journalism, as well as for the biography reconstruction.

Das Uschebti H 219 im Badischen Landesmuseum und die Chronologie der memphitischen Bürgermeister der 19. Dynastie

Summary The inventory number H 219 of the Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe contains the faience shabti of a Memphitic mayor. These civil rulers, subordinate to the king, are mainly responsible for the administration and organisation of the city and its subordinate area, whereby they form the highest regional-administrative instance. Although the Karlsruhe shabti has already been published, its owner has not yet been brought into contact with the circle of Memphite mayors. The aim of this article is to rearrange the chronological order of the known Ramesside officials and to position the owner of the Karlsruhe shabti within this group.

Spearheads of Bear-Spears from the Collection of the Nizhny Novgorod State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve

Purpose. This article introduces three samples of spearheads of long-shafted weapons from the collection of the Nizhny Novgorod State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). Long-range weapons being of a certain scientific interest, the samples of spearheads considered are important as they have not been described yet. In the course of our research, we have analyzed the features of their design in order to clarify the origin and time of their creation. Results. Two spearheads from the collection of the Nizhny Novgorod State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve came from a private collection of A. O. Karelin (1837–1906), and the third one from the funds of the Museum of Lyskovo. Their origin in those collections is unknown; however, museum workers have managed to date them to the 17th century. All the spearheads considered are in a good condition, with barely noticeable spots of rust. Obviously, they have new shafts, two of which are broken. All spearheads were manufactured from iron; belong to the sleeved type according to the method of planting on the shaft and to the group of lenticular according to the cross-section of the pen. The pens of the spearheads are of two types – elongated rhombic and elongated triangular. The spearheads’ feathers are decorated with rows of holes along the edge and two curls (sprouts) below the shoulders. All the spearheads have another decorative element, a so called “apple” on the neck of the pen, which was not a mandatory element of this type of spearheads. The elongated rhombic pens belong to the spearheads from the collection of the museum in Lyskovo and Karelin’s collection (spearheads No. 1–2). The spearhead No. 1 (inventory number GOM 11943. IM 1512) has the total length of 28.4 cm; the blade is 11 cm long and 4.7 cm wide at most. The biggest diameter of the sleeves measures 3.8 cm with the length of 13.6 cm. The spearhead No. 2 (inventory number GOM 7274-13. OR 451) has the total length of 34 cm; the blade is 17 cm long and 5.4 cm wide at most. The biggest diameter of the sleeves measures 3.8 cm with the length of 12.4 cm. The elongated triangular pen is from Karelin’s collection. The spearhead No. 3 (inventory number GOM 7274-10.OR 382) has the total length of 37 cm; the blade is 28.5 cm long and 5.5 cm wide at most. The biggest diameter of the sleeves measures 3.8 cm with the length of 12.3 cm. Conclusion. Three previously unknown spearheads have been introduced into scientific circulation. The analysis of the design features of these weapons allowed us to date them to the 17th century. The spearheads are attributed to the type “rogatina”, which was widespread in the Russian state being massive and big. Such long-range weapons were known as “bear-spear” and initially were used for hunting large animals. Such items are widely found in the European part of Russia and in Siberia, where they were brought by Russian pioneers.