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2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. A. Bacelar ◽  
L. L. Feitoza ◽  
S. E. S. Valente ◽  
R. L. F. Gomes ◽  
L. V. Martins ◽  
...  

Abstract Allium sativum L. is an herb of the Alliaceae family with a specific taste and aroma and medicinal and nutraceutical properties that are widely marketed in several countries. Brazil is one of the largest importers of garlic in the world, despite of its production is restricted and limited to internal consumption. Thus, explore the genetic diversity of commercial garlic conserved at germplasm banks is essential to generate additional genetic information about its economically important crop. A suitable tool for this purpose is the cytogenetic characterisation of these accessions. This study aimed to characterise the cytogenetic diversity among seven accessions of garlic from a Germplasm Bank in Brazil. The karyotypes were obtained by conventional staining and with chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorochromes. All accessions analysed showed chromosome number 2n = 16, karyotype formula 6M+2SM, symmetrical karyotypes, reticulate interphase nuclei, and chromosomes with uniform chromatin condensation from prophase to metaphase. The fluorochromes staining showed differences in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along the chromosomes and between accessions studied. Based on the distribution pattern of these small polymorphisms, it was possible to separate the seven accessions into three groups. It was also possible to differentiate some of the accessions individually. One of the results obtained showed a heteromorphic distension of the nucleolar organiser region observed on the chromosome pairs 6 or 7 with peculiar characteristics. It was suggested for example, that the heteromorphic block of heterochromatin (CMA+++/DAPI-) on chromosome 6 of the “Branco Mineiro Piauí” accession can be used as a marker to identify this genotype or may be associated with some character of economic interest.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Victor Manuel Gelvez Ordóñez ◽  
Ivan Daniel López Castilla ◽  
Luis Eduardo Ordoñez-Santos

Soursop is an exotic tropical fruit, highly perishable, presents losses around 30% in postharvest, has marked commercial importance especially for internal consumption and a maximum shelf life. The objective of the present work was to study the effect of thermosonication (TS) on some physicochemical properties and the enzymatic oxidation of soursop pulp. The thermosonication treatments used on the samples were at 40 kHz, in a temperature range between 20-60 ºC, for 25 minutes. The soluble solids, pH, vitamin C concentration, inactivation of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) in the soursop pulp were evaluated before and after the treatments. The results indicate a loss of vitamin C was observed in a 2.63; 13.16 and 28.95% for temperatures at 20, 40 and 60 ºC, respectively. On the other hand, a partial inactivation of the enzymes, POD, in 48.41; 69.83 and 74.24% and for PPO in 56.38; 74.47 and 81.91% was achieved at temperatures at 20, 40 and 60 ºC respectively. Finally, it was demonstrated that the US combined with heat (TS) inactivates in a large percentage the POD and PPO enzymes in the soursop pulp needing less heat, which could make it more efficient in comparison with the thermal treatments. Highlights Ultrasound combined with heat (TS) can inactivate POD and PPO enzymes in the soursop pulp, achieving considerable retention of vitamin C. Peroxidase (POD) and Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) trigger enzymatic processes affecting product natural color. Soursop is an exotic fruit with high levels of bioactive compounds, and great agro-industrial potential given its high recovery yields and excellent sensory characteristics. A vitamin C retention level of 71.05- to 86.84% was achieved in soursop pulps that have undergone thermosonification.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1--7
Author(s):  
Liana Chernobay ◽  
◽  
Altyn Yessirkepova ◽  
Sviatoslav Malibroda ◽  
◽  
...  

This paper provides a theoretical framework for estimating the labor migration impact on the economy of sending country. The overall emigration impact includes two effects, which can be calculated separately, i.e., a departure effect and a remittances effect. The departure effect causes a negative impact on the economy by decreasing autonomous consumption. The remittances effect causes a positive impact by increasing disposable income and thus internal consumption and savings and imports. Calculations include the multiplier effect. The labor emigration impact on GDP is calculated as a difference between a positive remittances effect and a negative departure effect. The analysis is conducted for countries that are not at full employment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 02026
Author(s):  
Song HaiYan ◽  
Zhang Huan

For some companies, sales means arranging goods and selling them on the shelves. This kind of arrangement of goods regardless of priority brings a lot of internal consumption to the enterprise. With the rapid development of the Internet and industry, many large companies have gradually established and improved their production and sales processes. The traditional ABC classification method can no longer meet this demand. The new method that can compensate for the traditional ABC classification method is particularly important. This article uses association rules to use the ABC classification method to study the expected budget of commodities, uses the Apriori and FP-Growth algorithms in the association rules to collect frequent itemsets of the acquired data, calculates the corresponding association rules, and then classifies the commodities with ABC.


Author(s):  
E.R. Yumagulova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Norekyan ◽  
E.V. Yumadilova

The paper describes problem features of deforestation and solutions in the EU countries and Russian Federation. The effectiveness of the EU policy and law in the field of forestry is supported by the steady growth of forest area for more than 60 years. Forest complex of Russia is in a major crisis now. Wood recourses insecurity of planned export performance of the timber industry complex and internal consumption is the main mistake of the Development Strategy for the Forestry Complex of the Russian Federation until 2030.


Every year, in Bangladesh the production has increased by 1.84 % and contributes 1.37 in export in the word tea trade and earns nearing 1775 million Taka. The internal consumers of the country are presently consuming about 98% of its produce. The consumption is increasing day by day mainly due to the rapid increase in population. This study considered the published secondary data of yearly tea production in Bangladesh over the period 1990 to 2015 by the Bangladesh Tea Board. We are forecasting the production of tea and internal consumption of tea by using Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) for the next 5 years. Run test, Jarque and Bera test criteria are used for the adequacy of the fitted model which followed by the residual analysis. The comparison between the original series and forecasted series are showing the same trends which indicate the fitted model is statistically well and appropriate for the forecast the productions of tea in Bangladesh.


Author(s):  
N. G. Zinov’eva

Russia is a big producer and exporter of ferrous metals. Countries of CIS, Europe, Middle East, North Africa and North America are the main markets of Russian ferrous metallurgy products sale. Main indices of Russian steel industry operation quoted. Tendencies in external trade by steel products considered. Dynamics of steel products export and import in 2017–2018 shown. Average prices of export and import operations quoted, as well as data on consumption, the structure of Russian steel products export and import presented by main regions and kinds of rolled products. It was shown, that the structure of the Russian steel products export remains the same within a series of years and is characterized by a high share of semi-products. In the first half of 2018 the steel rolled products export growth was about 4%. Intensive development of steel industry in many countries of the world, particularly in those being net importers of steel products, as well as sanctions against steel products of Russian origin from EC and USA countries will impact on the volume of steel products export from Russia. Internal consumption of steel rolled products has grown in Russia. The increased demand is satisfied by an increase of domestic production, some decrease of export and growth of import. To maintain the competiveness of Russian steel industry at both domestic and international markets it is necessary to continue the modernization of plants, to provide the domestic demand from the steel-consuming industries side.


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-79
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ziębik ◽  
Paweł Gładysz

AbstractThe paper is devoted to explication of one of the advantages of heat and electricity cogeneration, rarely considered in technical literature. Usually attention is paid to the fact that heat losses of the heat distribution network are less severe in the case of cogeneration of heat in comparison with its separate production. But this conclusion is also true in other cases when the internal consumption of heat is significant. In this paper it has been proved in the case of two examples concerning trigeneration technology with an absorption chiller cooperating with a combined heat and power (CHP) plant and CHP plant integrated with amine post-combustion CO2processing unit. In both considered cases it might be said that thanks to cogeneration we have to do with less severe consequences of significant demand of heat for internal purposes.


2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (03) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
M. Rösch ◽  
C. Schultz ◽  
S. Braunreuther ◽  
G. Prof. Reinhart

Mit der Umstrukturierung des Stromnetzes im Zuge der Energiewende sind die Strompreise für Industriekunden zuletzt deutlich gestiegen. Gleichzeitig ist eine Kostendegression für Kleinkraftwerke sowie Stromspeicher zu beobachten, die zu einer wachsenden Attraktivität von Stromeigenversorgungen führt. Der Fachbeitrag beleuchtet das Umdenken, das dabei für Produktionsstandorte bei der Energieversorgung und der informationstechnischen Vernetzung aller Erzeuger und Verbraucher erforderlich ist.   Due to the steady increase of renewable and volatile energy sources, industrial customers are faced with rising prices for electricity. At the same time, falling costs for energy storage systems and small power stations, especially photovoltaic, make customer generation and internal consumption more attractive. This paper highlights the changes thus necessary for manufacturing companies with regard to the energy supply and the integration of generators and consumers.


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