RESPONDENT ANALYSIS IN CONTEXT TO IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE REGULATING SERVICES OF MANGROVE VEGETATION

The mangrove ecosystem in the lower Gangetic delta is noted for providing several regulatory services. The major regulatory services include erosion, natural disaster, Phytoremediation, carbon sequestration, siltation, and sea-level rise. Here, we have attempted to develop a mechanism of assessing and ranking the magnitude of regulatory services offered by Sundarban mangroves based on stakeholder’s views on the subject. The respondents were categorized into five major classes namely policy level worker, researcher, fisherman, agriculturist, and local inhabitant. About 295 respondents belonging to these 5 categories were asked about the types of regulatory services and their respective magnitude by ranking the services between 1 and 6. Finally, based on data generated, three separate Combined Mangrove Regulating Service Scale (CMRSS) were assessed for three sectors (western, central, and eastern) of Indian Sundarbans. The basic root for such assessment is contrasting variations between these three sectors based on geographical features, salinity, and biodiversity. The present approach of analysis can be a road map to identify and empirically score the regulatory services of mangroves.

​Ethno-veterinary Treatment of Livestock and Poultry by Ethnic Community of Dhemaji District, Assam, India

Background: Livestock and poultry are considered as one of the source of income for the rural household which need proper care for their livelihood. To safeguard the livestock and poultry from various health related problems, ethno-veterinary practices, the indigenous healing system is the cheapest and easily available natural resources around them. Traditional animal health care practices are mostly from their experiences or passed on from one to another verbally. Methods: The present study was carried in randomly selected villages of Dhemaji district. Field study was conducted from September 2020 - April 2021, among the small household local inhabitant of the selected areas who mostly depend on the livestock and poultry farming for socio-economic development, by performing personal interview, semi-structured questionnaire, group discussion and free consultation was conducted with the local peoples. Result: The study recorded about 36 plant species having medicinal value belonging to 34 genus and 31 families, which are used for treating 22 ailments in livestock. Leaves, stems, fruits, bulb, roots, seeds, rhizomes, bark and peel of plant species are used in treating different ailments of livestock. Leaves (48%) are mostly used in preparing medicine among the other plant parts. Proper documentation of the old practice of ethno-veterinary provides information of the various medicinal plants available around us which are on the verge of extinction due to the negligence by the younger generation and emphasises sustainable use of these resources in our ecosystem. Ethno-Veterinary gives a scope for the pharmaceutical field to discover the bioactive compound present in the plant species for future scientific medical treatment.

A critical analysis of French flood risk governance

<p>France experiences catastrophic floods on a yearly basis, with significant societal impacts. In this paper, we critically evaluate the French Flood Risk Governance (FRG) system with the aim of identifying any shortcoming and, thereby, to suggest improvements. To do so, we employ a historical assessment of catastrophic past flood events in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA) region and perform Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT)-analysis. Our evaluation shows that despite persistent government efforts, the impacts of flood events in the region do not appear to have lessened over time. Identical losses in the same locations (e.g. Riou de l’Argentière watershed) can be observed after repetitive catastrophic events (e.g. 2015, 2019) triggering local inhabitant protests. We argue that the French FRG system can benefit from the following improvements: a) regular updates of the risk prevention plans and tools; b) the adoption of a Build Back Better logic instead of promoting the reconstruction of damaged elements in the same locations; c) taking into account undeclared damages into flood risk models (and not only those declared to flood insurance); d) increased communication between the actors of the different steps of each cycle (prepare, control, organise etc.); e) increased communication between three main elements of the cycle (risk prevention, emergency management and disaster recovery); f) an approach that extends the risk analysis outside the borders of the drainage basin (to be used in combination with the current basin risk models); and g) increased participation in FRG from local population. We also briefly discuss the use operational research methods for the optimisation of the French FRG.</p>

Floods in Provence-Alpes-Côte D'azur and Lessons for French Flood Risk Governance

France experiences catastrophic floods on a yearly basis, with significant societal impacts. In this paper, we employ a historical assessment of catastrophic past flood events in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA) region and perform Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT)-analysis to evaluate some aspects of the French Flood Risk Governance (FRG) system and suggest improvements. Our evaluation shows that despite persistent government efforts, the impacts of flood events in the region do not appear to have lessened over time. Identical losses in the same locations (e.g. Riou de l’Argentière watershed) can be observed after repetitive catastrophic events (e.g. 2015, 2019) triggering local inhabitant protests. To avoid future disasters, we suggest that the French FRG should benefit from the following improvements: a) regular updates of the risk prevention plans and tools; b) the adoption of a Build Back Better logic instead of promoting the reconstruction of damaged elements in the same locations; c) taking into account undeclared damages into flood risk models (and not only those declared to flood insurance); d) increased communication between the actors of the different steps of each cycle (prepare, control, organise etc.); e) increased communication between three main elements of the cycle (risk prevention, emergency management and disaster recovery); f) an approach that extends the risk analysis outside the borders of the drainage basin (to be used in combination with the current basin risk models); and g) increased participation in FRG from local population. We also briefly discuss the use operational research methods for the optimisation of the French FRG.

Empat Naskah Surat Incung pada Tanduk Kerbau dari Mendapo Rawang, Kerinci: Suntingan Teks dan Terjemahan

Manuscript of Incung Letters founded in Kerinci, written on buffalo horn and bamboo generally. Four of all horn manuscripts is saved by Depati Sungai Lago from Koto Beringin, Mendapo Rawang as heirlooms of his clan. This manuscripts have trasliterated by Voorhoeve in 1941 and have re-digitalization by Uli Kozok between 2012-2013. However, Voorhoeve’s transliteration is imperfect and not satisfactory. The purpose of this research is to obtain text edition and translation that easier to understand by reader. The stage of this research is inventaring, describing, editing and translating. The method utilized in the text edition is standard edition method. As result of this research, is known that this manuscripts narrated the six episodes about ancestors history from local inhabitant in the indigenous territory of Tanah Rawang.

Une ville vue par des étudiants en mobilité. Etude discursive de l’appropriation cognitive d’un nouvel espace urbain

The article explores how foreign students discover and experience the space of their hosting city, as reflected by their discourse about the common landmarks and places of the urban space. Our study concerns a specific social group that is in-between a local inhabitant and a tourist staying only a short time in a city – students in the situation of mobility. To study in what ways these students talk about the city, how they position themselves in respect of its space, adopting different viewpoints, we analyze, by a series of interviews conducted with them, how their discourse reveals the process of the appropriation of the hosting space. We examine first how the cognitive appropriation process of a city space is reflected in students’ discourse in general, in what elements it appears and also how it is constructed and developed during the interview. We focus then on the answers to the question concerning a postcard representing Tartu where the discourse of students reveals the best the in-between status of the foreign students, standing between an exterior observer and an “expert” of the city. The most explicit fluctuation between the viewpoints is reflected in personal pronouns use, the more implicit ways are observed in the ways of describing the places, and in the argumentations about the discussed postcard. Furthermore, we also point out the impact of the interview as a disposal for interviewed persons to think about these spatial relations for themselves and for their perception of space in general.

Rediscovery of Vanzolini’s Bald-Faced Saki, Pithecia vanzolinii Hershkovitz, 1987 (Primates, Pitheciidae): first record since 1956

We report the rediscovery of Pithecia vanzolinii in the upper Juruá River Basin, in the State of Acre, Brazil. An individual was collected after being hunted by a local inhabitant of an extractive community in the Riozinho da Liberdade Extractive Reserve. This is the first record of this species in the last 60 years and highlights the importance of intensifying studies of this almost unknown species.