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Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Lv ◽  
Wei-Hong Xing ◽  
Xi Ma ◽  
Li-Hong Xing ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  

Purpose: To investigate the Computed Tomography (CT) imaging characteristics and dynamic changes of COVID-19 pneumonia at different stages. Methods: Forty-six patients infected with COVID-19 who had chest CT scans were enrolled, and CT scans were performed 4-6 times with an interval of 2-5 days. Results: At the early stage (n=25), ground glass opacity was presented in 11 patients (11/25 or 44.0%) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 13 (13/25 or 52.0%) in the lung CT images. At the progressive stage (n=38), ground glass opacity was presented in only one patient (1/38 or 2.6%) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 33 (33/38 or 86.8%). In the early improvement stage (n=38), the imaging presentation was ground glass opacity alone in three patients (3/38 or 7.9%) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 34 (34/38 or 89.5%). In the late improvement (absorption) stage (n=33), the primary imaging presentation was ground glass presentation in eight patients (8/33 or 24.2%) and ground glass opacity mixed with consolidation in 23 (23/33 or 69.7%). The lesion reached the peak at 4-16 days after disease onset, and 26 (26/38 or 68.4%) patients reached the disease peak within ten days. Starting from 6 to 20 days after onset, the disease began to be improved, with 30 (30/38 or 78.9%) patients being improved within 15 days. Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia will progress to the peak stage at a mediate time of seven days and enter the improvement stage at twelve days. Computed tomography imaging of the pulmonary lesion has a common pattern from disease onset to improvement and recovery and provides important information for evaluation of the disease course and treatment effect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. S826-S826
Author(s):  
Brittney Shupp ◽  
Mina Aiad ◽  
Hammad Liaquat ◽  
Janak Bahirwani ◽  
Lisa Stoll ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 743-750
Author(s):  
Amisha Gupta ◽  

Dementia word represents sequence of medical problems which causes damage the brain and gradually it develops time to time. As Stated By medical research, its more than 200 subtypes and provokes to dementia with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which occurs in most of the old age people.AD is unchangeable growing autoimmune problem which affects Daily life cognitive process activities like thinking skills are disrupted In Advanced progressive stage thought process falls down and easy task makes them critical and unworkable. AD Patients and families life quality transfers drastically and it effects very bad on caretakers bodied &psychiatric conditions. This survey explains the writings of research in order to disclose the advantage of appealing non-developmental interference like canonic music therapy to upgrade the AD Patients life of the quality. The report purpose is to focus on the footprint of this AD on the caretakers life.AD patients finding better by Symphonic music therapy which showing sound results in the treatment and improved acculturation and the keeping there dignity & reputation of the life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7319
Author(s):  
Maria Podbielska ◽  
Joan O’Keeffe ◽  
Anna Pokryszko-Dragan

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease with complex pathogenesis, including two main processes: immune-mediated inflammatory demyelination and progressive degeneration with axonal loss. Despite recent progress in our understanding and management of MS, availability of sensitive and specific biomarkers for these both processes, as well as neuroprotective therapeutic options targeted at progressive phase of disease, are still being sought. Given their abundance in the myelin sheath, lipids are believed to play a central role in underlying immunopathogenesis in MS and seem to be a promising subject of investigation in this field. On the basis of our previous research and a review of the literature, we discuss the current understanding of lipid-related mechanisms involved in active relapse, remission, and progression of MS. These insights highlight potential usefulness of lipid markers in prediction or monitoring the course of MS, particularly in its progressive stage, still insufficiently addressed. Furthermore, they raise hope for new, effective, and stage-specific treatment options, involving lipids as targets or carriers of therapeutic agents.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorush Niknamian

Introduction: Due to lack of unique method with high accurate and repeatable, assessment and even treatment of HBV infection and it,s complications such as cirrhosis and HCC has been with limitations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 19-24 nucleotide-long molecules with up-regulated and down-regulated Expression.The present research provides a narrative review expression profiling biomarkers miRNAs in diagnosis, treatment and differnciated CHB from cirrhosis or HCC. Methods: We search database google scholar, pubmed, scopus, SID on English Languish article and also assess EASL and AASLD (2002-2016). Results: Some of miRNAs are specifically more abundant in specific tissues, such as miR-122 in the liver. MiRNAs such as miRNA125a, miRNA141, miRNA1, miRNA197, miRNA122 and miRNA372, 373 have a major role in CBH and miRNA29a/b/c, miRNA200, miRNA199, miRNA133a, miRNA214 andmiRNA181b have a major role in fibrosis/cirrhosis. miR-106b and miR-181b, have a significant clinical diagnostic value in liver cirrhosis, especially at its early stages. miR-122, miR-192, miR-92, miR-223, miR-26a, miR-27a and miR-801, has a highly accurate diagnostic power that can differentiate HCC from CHB and cirrhosis and from healthy people as well as. Conclusion: In the future, the miRNAs biomarkers provide researchers with a golden opportunity and can be used as early diagnostic and miRNAs based-therapeutic panels and current knowledge between miRNAs profiling biomarkers and progressive stage of HBV related diseases. Panels of miRNAs will play a significant role in decision-making about their proper course in both of treatment and diagnosis of diseases such as hepatitis B virus infection. Abrrevation: hepatitis B virus (HBV(,MicroRNAs (miRNAs), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) and American Association for Study of Liver (AASLD)


Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Л.П. Мамедова ◽  
А.К. Беисбекова

Мембранозная нефропатия является иммунологически обусловленной не воспалительной гломерулопатией, имеет прогрессирующее стадийное течение и характеризуется дистрофическими и склеротическими процессами. Мембранозная нефропатия - это поражение почечных клубочков (основные функциональные единицы почек), возникающее вследствие оседания на стенках почечных капилляров иммунных комплексов. Это приводит к утолщению и дальнейшему расслоению базальных мембран и стенок сосудов в клубочках. Основным клиническим проявлением МН является нефротический синдром (отеки по всему телу, наличие белка в моче и высокий холестерин в крови). Membranous nephropathy is an immunologically determined non-inflammatory glomerulopathy, has a progressive stage course and is characterized by dystrophic and sclerotic processes. Membranous nephropathy is a lesion of the renal glomeruli (the main functional units of the kidneys) that occurs due to the settling of immune complexes on the walls of the renal capillaries. This leads to thickening and further delamination of the basal membranes and vascular walls in the glomeruli. The main clinical manifestation of MN is nephrotic syndrome (edema throughout the body, the presence of protein in the urine and high cholesterol in the blood).


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nagina Malguria ◽  
Li-Hsiang Yen ◽  
Tony Lin ◽  
Amira Hussein ◽  
Elliot K. Fishman

In December 2019, a disease attributed to a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), broke out in Wuhan, China and has spread rapidly throughout the world. CT has been advocated in selected indications as a tool toward rapid and early diagnosis. The CT patterns of COVID-19 include ground glass opacities GGO, consolidation, and crazy paving. Additional signs include a “rounded morphology” of lesions, vascular enlargement sign, nodules, and fibrous stripe. Signs of healing and organization include subpleural bands, a reticular pattern, reversed halo sign and traction bronchiectasis. Cavitation and tree in bud signs are absent and pleural effusions are rare. There is a high incidence of pulmonary embolism associated with COVID-19. CT findings in COVID-19 appear to follow a predictable timeline with maximal involvement approximately 6–11 days after symptom onset. The stages of evolution include early stage (days 0–4) with GGO being the predominant abnormality, progressive stage (days 5–8) with increasing crazy paving; and peak stage (days 9–13) with predominance of consolidation and absorption phase (after day 14) with gradual absorption of consolidation with residual GGO and subpleural bands. CT findings in COVID-19 have a high sensitivity and low specificity, determined to be 98% and 25% in a retrospective study of 1014 patients. The low specificity of CT for the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia is due to the overlap of CT findings with other viral pneumonias and other infections, lung involvement in connective tissue disorders, drug reaction, pulmonary edema, and hemorrhage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed N.E. Kassem ◽  
Doaa T. Masallat

Purpose: To investigate how RT-PCR (real time–polymerase-chain-reaction) and chest High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) can detect COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) disease in the early, progressive and severe stages, as well as patient’s outcome. Method: We perform a prospective study with chest HRCT on 206 patients with positive RT-PCR test. The patients were divided into three groups; early stage (100 patients), progressive stage (70 patients) and severe stage (36 patients). Results: The early stage involved typical category (COVID-19 Reporting and Data System, CO-RADS 5, 34 cases - 34%), indeterminate category (CO-RADS 3, six cases - 6%), atypical category (CO-RADS 4, ten cases - 10%) and normal chest HRCT imaging (CO-RADS 1, 50 cases - 50%). The progressive stage involved typical category (CO-RADS 5, 70 cases, 100%), The severe stage involved typical category (CO-RADS 5, 36 cases, 100 %). Conclusion: RT-PCR is the gold standard and specific tool for confirming COVID-19 infection. Combination of RT-PCR and chest HRCT is used for early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest HRCT is positive in 50% of patients in the early stage of COVID-19. Chest HRCT is not only detecting pulmonary parenchymal changes but also determining patient’s outcome in the progressive and severe stages of COVID-19 (CO-RADS 5). Patients with progressive stage will not need ventilator and patients with severe stage should receive ventilator.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (50) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Meral Arifoğlu ◽  
Nuray Voyvoda ◽  
Günay Rona ◽  
Ayse Batirel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Bommarito ◽  
Anjali Tarun ◽  
Younes Farouj ◽  
Maria Giulia Preti ◽  
Maria Petracca ◽  
...  

AbstractFunctional reorganization at the progressive stage of multiple sclerosis has received limited attention, despite the fact that functional changes are known to occur. Characterizing large-scale network dynamics at rest has the potential to provide new insights into the complexity of such functional alterations. In this case-control study, we explored the dynamic properties of large-scale functional networks during rest in 25 healthy controls and 32 patients with progressive multiple sclerosis, using the innovation-driven co-activation patterns. Thirty-five subjects also underwent a one-year follow-up examination. Partial least squares correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationship between functional dynamics and clinical disability. We observed a reduced dynamic engagement of the anterior default mode network and its coupling with the executive-control network in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis compared to controls, at baseline and follow-up. The global and motor disabilities were related to functional dynamics of subcortical, sensory-motor and posterior default mode network, while the cognitive disability was associated to the altered dynamics of anterior default mode, visual and temporal networks. These findings reveal that the anterior default mode functional recruitment and its interaction with other networks play a major role in the functional reorganization occurring during the progressive stage of multiple sclerosis. Also, the dynamic properties of large-scale functional networks are steady over one year and unveil the intricate relationship between brain function and clinical disability.


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