Histological Appearance Of The Liver In Experimental Injury

In this work, the morphofunctional state has been studied at various times after the simulation of experimental syphilis. It is noted that discirculatory and dystrophic changes develop in the early stages of the study. The appearance of focal and massive necrosis of hepatocytes is accompanied by the development of an inflammatory process in the form of lymphoid infiltration around necrosis and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells. Subsequently, lymphohistiocytic infiltration spreads along the portal tracts, in which plasma cells and eosinophils appear, which are characteristic of syphilitic inflammation.

Influence of the Neural Crest Derived Stem Cells to Optic Nerve Regeneration After Its Experimental Injury

Purpose: Orbital trauma is a challenging problem due to such severe sequel as diplopia, decrease of vision or eye motility disorder. However, the conditions of orbital soft tissue content still become underestimated. The aim of this study was to investigate structural changes in the rat optic nerve after experimental injury followed by treatment with stem cells. Materials and Ьethods: An experimental model of injury to the orbital soft tissue content in the rat was developed. Forty Wistar rats maintained under daylight were divided into two equal experimental groups. Unlike the rats of Group I, in rats of Group II, the site of injury to the orbital soft tissue mass received postnatal multipotent stem cells, epidermal neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) derived from the bulge of hair follicles. Results: Comparing the number of glial cells per certain area of the slice (NC) between group І and site without injury (control) after 3 week of observation, it was higher in group I more than 258.8% (p < 0.0001) and on 272.4% in group II (p < 0.0001). After 6 weeks NC in group I was higher than at previous terms: more then 128.9% (р < 0.0001). At the same, NC in group II was higher comparing with previous terms only on 17.1% (р = 0.0212). Between the animals of group I at terms of 12 and 24 weeks NC high and wasn’t significantly differ between this terms of observation (ANOVA p = 0.4379). In contrast, NC in group II stopped rising between 6 and 12 weeks demonstrating statistical equality (p = 0.4563). Conclusions: It can be assumed that the application of mesenchymal stem cells, derivates of the neural crest, after the experimental orbital trauma, stimulates a recovery of the optic nerve. Further studies should be performed to more deeply discover the neural crest derived stem cell populations, ivoleved into recovery of damaged optic nerves.

R-spondin 2 mediates neutrophil egress into the alveolar space through increased lung permeability.

Objective: R-spondin 2 (RSPO2) is required for proper lung morphogenesis. Our objective was to investigate whether RSPO2 is similarly important in homeostasis of the adult lung. Unexpectedly, we observed changes in neutrophil migration and lung vascular permeability in RSPO2-deficient (RSPO2-/-) mice compared to RSPO2 control (RSPO2+/+) mice, independent of experimental injury/challenge. Here we use multiple methods to quantify these observations to further understand how tonic RSPO2 expression regulates lung homeostasis. Results: Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated significantly higher myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell content from RSPO2-/- mice compared to RSPO2+/+ mice. Immunocytochemical (ICC) analysis likewise demonstrated significantly more MPO+ cells in BALF from RSPO2-/- mice compared to RSPO2+/+ mice, confirming the increase of infiltrated neutrophils. We then assessed lung permeability/barrier disruption via Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran instillation and found a significantly higher dextran concentration in the plasma of RSPO2-/- mice compared to identically treated RSPO2+/+ mice. These data demonstrate that RSPO2 may be crucial for lung barrier integrity and can facilitate an increase in neutrophil migration from circulation into alveolar spaces due to increased lung permeability/barrier disruption. Our studies suggest additional research is needed to evaluate RSPO2 in scenarios exhibiting either pulmonary edema or neutrophilia.