Sustainable Urban Mobility Proposal for the Canton Sígsig Azuay Province

This research work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating and proposing a sustainable model of human mobilization for the urban center of Sígsig canton, Azuay province, Ecuador; attending to the displacements, means of transfer and reasons for travel. In the same way, the most frequent origin and destination were categorized, which later made it possible to directly conceive the circulation routes and their incidents with the central flow of circulation, both pedestrian and motorized. Based on the collection of information on the requirements that had to be obtained to shape a sustainable model, it was proposed as a starting point for the identification and study of human mobilization, the collection of primary information through direct interview with the analysis of transfer variants and reasons for circulation of a total of 792 people passing through the urban center; allowing to have an approach on the most used means of travel and percentages of circulation, as well as the reference to the reasons for the trips. In the same way, based on secondary information from the PDOT (Territorial Planning Plan) of the Sígsig canton, the connection of the road axes that unload in the urban center was evidenced. Later, in the tabulation and analysis stage, the problems and their possible solutions on mobility and transfer activities were determined, prioritizing the means of transport used. Finally, it was found that a large part of the population tends to move on foot, followed by the use of commercial and private public transport, with a maximum of five passengers. In addition, the most frequent reasons for transfer are for study and work activities; activities that fully influence mobility, therefore, a model based on public transport is recommended that provides service to the most demanding sectors, based on the existing road pattern without breaking into the urban center.

Analysis of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Canadian SCWR Fuel Assembly Concept

Canada is participating in the Generation IV (Gen IV) International Forum with a main focus on the pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) concept. The subchannel code ASSERT-PV modified for SCWR applications was used to design the SCWR fuel assembly, specifically the fuel bundle. Several assumptions were required to model the fuel assembly, including the perfect insulation of (i) the central flow tube (i.e., no heat transfer through the central tube) and (ii) the pressure tube (i.e., no heat loss to the moderator). These two assumptions were considered as conservative, but they were not analyzed or assessed for their validity or accuracy. ASSERT-PV was upgraded to model the heat loss to the moderator, and an external CATHENA system code model was coupled to ASSERT-PV to model the heat transfer to the central flow tube. This paper describes these additional heat transfer components, and presents an assessment of these two assumptions for their impact on the prediction of maximum fuel cladding temperature.

The Tasawuf Wasathiyah Concept in Central Flow of Industrial Revolution 4.0

The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the concepts and thoughts of Sufism wasathiyah Hamka and Nasaruddin Umar. Such as synergizing between the world-hereafter, outward-inward, sharia-nature, God-human, individual-social, and the task as servants of God on earth in a balanced and proportional manner, which in turn gave birth to moderate humans. This paper uses the literature method by exploring and collecting various books, articles, journals, and other documents related to the themes discussed. Findings: Hamka is an archipelago Muslim intellectual figure known for his scientific productivity, evidenced by various works produced in various disciplines, including modern Sufism. Nasaruddin Umar is also an intellectual figure in the Muslim archipelago known as a professor of interpretation of the Qur'an, who also has ideas in the world of Sufism, with his modern Sufism. Modern Sufism that they both thought of as a form of ideas and movements to integrate the interests of the world and the hereafter, the world is used as a medium to draw closer to God, not away from the world. This moderate concept (tawasuth) later gave birth to a paradigm of a balanced industrial era of industrial revolution (tawazun), proportional (i'tidal), tolerance (tasamuh) which eventually became socially and spiritually pious societies.

Study on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Supercritical Kerosene in a Round Tube

The finite volume discrete solution of the Navier-Stokes equation and the RNG model of the turbulence model are used to numerically simulate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical kerosene in a circular tube. The results show that as the inlet mass flow increases, the wall surface temperature and the central flow oil temperature gradually decrease, and the pressure loss becomes larger. As the inlet temperature increases, the wall surface temperature and the central flow oil temperature both increase. When the heat flux density is constant, as the pressure increases, the deterioration of heat transfer will be weakened, and increasing the pressure can improve the effect of convection heat transfer.

Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

Thirty years ago, Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex. Since then, optical vortices have been widely studied, inspired by the hydrodynamics sharing similar mathematics. Akin to a fluid vortex with a central flow singularity, an optical vortex beam has a phase singularity with a certain topological charge, giving rise to a hollow intensity distribution. Such a beam with helical phase fronts and orbital angular momentum reveals a subtle connection between macroscopic physical optics and microscopic quantum optics. These amazing properties provide a new understanding of a wide range of optical and physical phenomena, including twisting photons, spin–orbital interactions, Bose–Einstein condensates, etc., while the associated technologies for manipulating optical vortices have become increasingly tunable and flexible. Hitherto, owing to these salient properties and optical manipulation technologies, tunable vortex beams have engendered tremendous advanced applications such as optical tweezers, high-order quantum entanglement, and nonlinear optics. This article reviews the recent progress in tunable vortex technologies along with their advanced applications.

Discovery of the Fastest Ice Flow along the Central Flow Line of Austre Lovénbreen, a Poly-thermal Valley Glacier in Svalbard

Ice flow velocity is a sensitive indicator of glacier variations both controlling and representing the delivery of ice and affecting the future stability of ice masses in a warming climate. As one of the poly-thermal glaciers in the high Arctic, Austre Lovénbreen (AL) is on the northwestern coast of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The ice flow velocity of AL was investigated using in situ global positioning system (GPS) observations over 14 years and numerical modelling with Elmer/Ice. First, the ice flow velocity field of AL along central flow line was presented and the ice flow velocity is approximately 4 m/a. Obvious seasonal changes of ice flow velocity can be found in the middle of the glacier, where the velocity in spring-summer is 47% larger than in autumn–winter in 2016, and the mean annual velocity increased 14% from 2009 until 2016. Second, the numerical simulation was performed considering the poly-thermal character of the glacier, and indicated that there are two peak ice flow regions on the glacier, and not just one peak ice flow region as previously believed. The new peak ice flow zone found by simulation was verified by field work, which also demonstrated that the velocity of the newly identified zone is 8% faster than the previously identified zone. Third, although our field observations showed that the ice flow velocity is slowly increasing recently, the maximum ice flow velocity will soon begin to decrease gradually in the long term according to glacier evolution modelling of AL.