On non-adjacent letter repetition and orthographic processing: Lexical decisions to nonwords created by repeating or inserting letters in words

Informal observation suggests that it is harder to notice the spelling mistake in “silencne” than “silencre.” This concurs with current evidence that non-adjacent letter repetition in correctly spelled words makes these words harder to recognize. One possible explanation is provided by open-bigram coding. Words containing repeated letters are harder to recognize because they are represented by fewer bigrams than words without repeated letters. Building on this particular explanation for letter-repetition effects in words, we predicted that nonwords in a lexical decision task should also be sensitive to letter repetitions. In particular, we examined two types of nonwords generated from the same baseword: (1) nonwords created by repeating one of the letters in the baseword (e.g., silence => silencne); and (2) nonwords created by inserting a letter that is not present in the baseword (e.g., silencre). According to open-bigram coding, nonwords created by repeating a letter are more similar to their baseword than nonwords created by inserting a letter, and this should make it harder to reject letter repetition nonwords than letter insertion nonwords. We put these predictions to test in one on-line pilot study (n=31), one laboratory experiment (n=36), and one follow-up on-line experiment (n=40) where we manipulated the distance between repetitions (one, two, three, or four letters). Participants found it harder to reject repetition nonwords than insertion nonwords, and this effect diminished with increasing distance.

Data-Driven Lexical Normalization for Medical Social Media

In the medical domain, user-generated social media text is increasingly used as a valuablecomplementary knowledge source to scientific medical literature. The extraction of this knowledge iscomplicated by colloquial language use and misspellings. However, lexical normalization of suchdata has not been addressed effectively. This paper presents a data-driven lexical normalizationpipeline with a novel spelling correction module for medical social media. Our method significantlyoutperforms state-of-the-art spelling correction methods and can detect mistakes with an F1 of 0.63despite extreme imbalance in the data. We also present the first corpus for spelling mistake detectionand correction in a medical patient forum.

Potentials of Chatbots for Spell Check among Youngsters

Chatbots are already being used successfully in many areas. This publication deals with the development and programming of a chatbot prototype to support learning processes. This Chatbot prototype is designed to help pupils in order to correct their spelling mistakes by providing correction proposals to them. Especially orthographic spelling mistake should be recognized by the chatbot and should be replaced by correction suggestions stored in test data.

High sedimentary oxygen consumption indicates that sewage input from small islands drives benthic community shifts on overfished reefs – ERRATUM

In the article above there is a spelling mistake in the Figure 3 legend. Largge should be Large. The correct Figure 3 legend is shown below:-Figure 3 Biomass values of herbivorous fish functional groups – browsers, grazers and detritivores, and scrapers and small excavators – for each island. Large excavators and bioeroders were not observed, and thus are not included in the graph.Page 5, right column in the ‘Ecological perspective and management implications section’, in the second paragraph the third sentence should read . . .One potential management tool that considers these needs and limitations is the installation of composting toilets, after due consideration of local cultural sensitivities. . .The publisher apologises for these errors.

Noni is Nervous by H. Hartt-Sussman (1st review)

Hartt-Sussman, Heather. Noni is Nervous. Illus. Geneviève Côté. Toronto: Tundra Books-Random House of Canada, 2013. Print.Noni is anxious about many things but most of all she is nervous about her first day of school. Among her school jitters are: what to wear, whether or not her teacher will be nice, and where to sit. To calm her nerves, Noni is constantly talking, biting her nails, and twirling her hair. After her first day her mother advises her to make a friend. Despite her nervousness, Noni introduces herself to an outgoing girl named Briar on the bus who then introduces Noni to many other children. Noni comes home feeling more confident and calm.Noni is Nervous is a cute book about adapting despite being nervous. Between Hartt-Sussman’s repetitive prose and Côté’s fitting illustrations the reader is always clear on how the characters are feeling. The story transitions well from depicting Noni’s nervousness to her confidence. I particularly liked how though Noni had befriended Briar she was still nervous about a few things en route to school as opposed to friendship being an instant cure. She does develop some confidence and is able to spunkily tell her family that there is nothing to be nervous about. Children will be able to see that though they may be nervous there isn’t always a need and things will be okay.I would have liked to see more of the story devoted to Noni overcoming her anxiety than is shown in the book. There was also a spelling mistake in the book, though I doubt children will catch it.Recommended: 3 out of 4 starsReviewer: Brittany GregsonBrittany Gregson is a graduate of MacEwan University’s Library and Information Technology program.She works at the Family and Community Resource Centre, Alberta Children’s Hospital as the Child Health Information Specialist. Other than reading she enjoys both baking and crafting.

“It depends on what spelling mistake it is” – adolescents’ attitudes towards misspellings in new media

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