QPF model for Sabarmati basin based on Synoptic analogue method

The paper formulates a synoptic analogue model for issuing Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) for Sabarmati basin based on 10 years data (2000-2009) during southwest monsoon period. The model was verified with the actual Average Areal Precipitation (AAP) for the corresponding synoptic situations during 2010.The performance of the model were observed Percentage Correct (PC) up to 71%. The cases out by one or two stage were due to variation in the intensity of the system especially upper air circulation (S3) over the basin. The synoptic analogue model was able to generate accurate QPF 24 hrs in advance to facilitate flood forecasters of Central Water Commission.

958. A Required Infectious Diseases Rotation Improves Antimicrobial Stewardship Knowledge for Internal Medicine Interns

Background Exposure to Infectious Diseases (ID) education is highly variable in post-graduate medical training. We report our experience with a required one-week ID consult rotation for Internal Medicine (IM) interns with a focus on antimicrobial stewardship education. Methods Since 2018 all IM interns at our institution have participated in a required one-week ID consult rotation. Antimicrobial stewardship is a core feature of this rotation, with educational resources on antibiotic spectrum and decision-making, and interdisciplinary rounding with ID pharmacists. Between March 2020 and May 2021 we piloted an 11-item pre-rotation and post-rotation quiz with distinct but paired questions on key stewardship topics. The quiz was administered anonymously in SurveyMonkey. Mean pre/post rotation scores were compared using a paired T-test and the McNemar test of paired proportions was used to compare the pre/post change in percentage of correct responses for each topic. Results Among 47 interns who completed the rotation, 16 interns completed both pre- and post-rotation quizzes (response rate=34%). Mean scores on the pre-rotation quiz were 60%, compared to 77% on the post-rotation quiz (p=0.01), indicating significant improvement at the end of the rotation (Figure 1). Among 11 residents who scored below 65% on their pre-rotation quiz, all achieved an increased score on their post-rotation quiz (mean pre-test of 49% to mean post-test 79%). Table 1 displays the question topics and pre/post test change in percentage correct. The most difficult pre-test topics were ‘Recognition of AmpC-Expressing Organisms’ and ‘Antibiotics with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,’ which improved, from 31% to 81% correct (p=0.03) and 50% to 100% correct (p=0.01), respectively. Figure 1. Mean score of interns on pre-rotation vs post-rotation antimicrobial stewardship quiz from March 2020 to May 2021 (n=16; p=0.01). Table 1. Question topics and change in percentage correct on pre-rotation and post-rotation quizzes. Conclusion A required one-week ID consult rotation for IM interns improved antimicrobial stewardship knowledge. Our experience may serve as a model for other institutions interested in increasing IM housestaff exposure to ID and antimicrobial stewardship. Disclosures Kristen Marks, MD, Gilead Sciences (Grant/Research Support)

Speech Recognition Outcomes in Adults With Slim Straight and Slim Modiolar Cochlear Implant Electrode Arrays

Objective To compare differences in audiologic outcomes between slim modiolar electrode (SME) CI532 and slim lateral wall electrode (SLW) CI522 cochlear implant recipients. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary academic hospital. Methods Comparison of postoperative AzBio sentence scores in quiet (percentage correct) in adult cochlear implant recipients with SME or SLW matched for preoperative AzBio sentence scores in quiet and aided and unaided pure tone average. Results Patients with SLW (n = 52) and patients with SME (n = 37) had a similar mean (SD) age (62.0 [18.2] vs 62.6 [14.6] years, respectively), mean preoperative aided pure tone average (55.9 [20.4] vs 58.1 [16.4] dB; P = .59), and mean AzBio score (percentage correct, 11.1% [13.3%] vs 8.0% [11.5%]; P = .25). At last follow-up (SLW vs SME, 9.0 [2.9] vs 9.9 [2.6] months), postoperative mean AzBio scores in quiet were not significantly different (percentage correct, 70.8% [21.3%] vs 65.6% [24.5%]; P = .29), and data log usage was similar (12.9 [4.0] vs 11.3 [4.1] hours; P = .07). In patients with preoperative AzBio <10% correct, the 6-month mean AzBio scores were significantly better with SLW than SME (percentage correct, 70.6% [22.9%] vs 53.9% [30.3%]; P = .02). The intraoperative tip rollover rate was 8% for SME and 0% for SLW. Conclusions Cochlear implantation with SLW and SME provides comparable improvement in audiologic functioning. SME does not exhibit superior speech recognition outcomes when compared with SLW.

Identification of Formal-Post Formal Reasoning Prospective Biology Teachers on Three Aspects of Courses

This descriptive study aims to determine the reasoning of the formal-post formal operations of biology teacher candidates in three aspects of lectures. The research sample consisted of 76 students who took part in the 2019/2020 academic year lectures which were taken using the purposive technique. The sample consisted of 29 students in the General Biology practicum subject, 24 students in the invertebrates practicum subject, and 23 students in the vertebrate zoology practicum subject. The data was collected through a test technique using formal-post-formal operational reasoning questions that were developed by themselves and had met the constructive and empirical valid criteria. Data analysis regarding the level of formal-post formal operational reasoning was carried out using the percentage correct score technique obtained for each item so that the correct score was obtained from all students. The results showed that there was a difference in the percentage level of formal-post formal operational reasoning for each level of student lectures. The highest to the lowest level of reasoning was obtained by students who took the vertebrates zoology practicum course by 67%, invertebrates zoology practicum by 67%, and general biology practicum by 17%. Also, students' formal operational reasoning in each subject tends to be lower when compared to their post-formal operational reasoning. The most common indicators of formal reasoning among the three aspects of the lecture are proportional reasoning, and indicators that are lacking are probabilistic and correlational.

Internationally Adopted Children With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate—Consonant Proficiency and Perceived Velopharyngeal Competence at the Age of 5

Objective: To compare consonant proficiency, consonant errors, and the perceived velopharyngeal (VP) competence in internationally adopted (IA) children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and nonadopted (NA) children with the same cleft–palate type at age 5. Design: Case–control study based on phonetic transcriptions of standardized speech recordings of 5-year-olds at a tertiary hospital. Participants: Twenty-five IA children were compared to 20 NA children. All consecutive patients at a cleft lip and palate center participated. Main Outcome Measure(s): Consonant proficiency was measured using percentage consonants correct, percentage consonants correct–adjusted for age, percentage correct place, percentage correct manner, and consonant inventory. Cleft speech characteristics (CSCs), developmental speech characteristics (DSCs), and the perceived VP competence were also measured. Results: The IA children had significantly lower values for all consonant proficiency variables ( p < .05) and a smaller consonant inventory ( p = .001) compared to the NA children. The IA children had a higher frequency of CSCs (IA = 84%, NA = 50%, p < .05) and DSCs (IA = 92%, NA = 65%, p = .057), and twice as many IA children as NA children had perceived VP incompetence (IA = 52%, NA = 25%, p = .17). Conclusions: Severe speech disorder was more common in IA children than in NA children at age 5. Most importantly, the speech disorders seem to be not only cleft-related. More detailed speech assessments with a broader focus are needed for IA children with UCLP. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further investigate the impact of speech difficulties in IA children’s daily lives.

Assessment of knowledge, perception regarding biostatistics and interpretation of research among Moroccan Dental professionals

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate dental professionals’ perception of biostatistics and interpretation of research results. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among dental professionals of Casablanca Dental School, Morocco. 81 participants completed the questionnaire (rate of response 90%). The responses were assessed on 5-point Likert scale. With regards to biostatistics knowledge, one major result that stood out was the proportion of correct items in the questionnaire. Results: 60% of participants had a graduation duration ranging from 1 to 10 years. About two-thirds (62%) were professors and about 1 third (31%) were residents. 90% of the respondents wanted to learn more biostatistics. The overall mean percentage correct on statistical knowledge and interpretation of results was 19.4%. The most important response percentage was recorded for the knowledge of case-control studies (38.3%). The least important response percentage was 2.5% for Cox’s regression identification. Length of time after graduation and the participants’ grade were significantly associated with biostatistics knowledge. Discussion: The study concluded that dental professionals showed a low perceived knowledge of biostatistics concepts; thus, there is a need to implement biostatistics into dental programmes to meet dental professionals’ use in research and clinical practice.

Can even experienced orthopaedic surgeons predict who will benefit from surgery when patients present with degenerative meniscal tears? A survey of 194 orthopaedic surgeons who made 3880 predictions

ObjectivesTo examine the ability of surgeons to predict the outcome of treatment for meniscal tears by arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) and exercise therapy in middle-aged patients.Design and settingElectronic survey. Orthopaedic surgeon survey participants were presented 20 patient profiles. These profiles were derived from a randomised clinical trial comparing APM with exercise therapy in middle-aged patients with symptomatic non-obstructive meniscal tears. From each treatment group (APM and exercise therapy), we selected five patients with the best (responders) and five patients with the worst (non-responders) knee function after treatment. 1111 orthopaedic surgeons and residents in the Netherlands and Australia were invited to participate in the survey.InterventionsFor each of the 20 patient profiles, surgeons (unaware of treatment allocation) had to choose between APM and exercise therapy as preferred treatment and subsequently had to estimate the expected change in knee function for both treatments on a 5-point Likert Scale. Finally, surgeons were asked which patient characteristics affected their treatment choice.Main outcomesThe primary outcome was the surgeons’ percentage correct predictions. We also compared this percentage between experienced knee surgeons and other orthopaedic surgeons, and between treatment responders and non-responders.ResultsWe received 194 (17%) complete responses for all 20 patient profiles, resulting in 3880 predictions. Overall, 50.0% (95% CI 39.6% to 60.4%) of the predictions were correct, which equals the proportion expected by chance. Experienced knee surgeons were not better in predicting outcome than other orthopaedic surgeons (50.4% vs 49.5%, respectively; p=0.29). The percentage correct predictions was lower for patient profiles of non-responders (34%; 95% CI 21.3% to 46.6%) compared with responders (66.0%; 95% CI 57.0% to 75.0%; p=0.01).In general, bucket handle tears, knee locking and failed non-operative treatment directed the surgeons’ choice towards APM, while higher level of osteoarthritis, degenerative aetiology and the absence of locking complaints directed the surgeons’ choice towards exercise therapy.ConclusionsSurgeons’ criteria for deciding that surgery was indicated did not pass statistical examination. This was true regardless of a surgeon’s experience. These results suggest that non-surgical management is appropriate as first-line therapy in middle-aged patients with symptomatic non-obstructive meniscal tears.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03462134.

Identifying Students' Learning Styles on Reading Comprehension Achievement

This study aims to identify the effect of type of students’learning styles in reading comprehension achievement. The design of the research was a descriptive quantitative research that used a case study design. A total of 20 students of reading class on the second semester of IAIN Metro was sample of this research. In collecting the data, the researcher used questionnaire of learning style and reading comprehension test. In the analysis of data, the writer classified the categorization of learning style from the questionnaire and the scores of reading comprehension tests. Then, the result was analyzed by comparing the mean score in test manually using by percentage correct. The finding of the research the students have three types of learning style, they are visual (45%), auditory (30%), and kinesthetic (25%), in which visual is the most dominant. whereas the result of reading comprehension test, the mean score of visual is 79.2, auditory is 70.8, and kinesthetic is 65. In conclusion, It showed that the students of reading class on second semester of IAIN Metro used three types of learning style, but visual learning style is the most dominant learning style the students have.

An Architectural Framework for Facebook Messenger Chatbot Enabled Home Appliance Control System

The need to remotely control home appliances is an important aspect of home automation and is now receiving lot of attentions in the literature. The works so far are still at a development level making further research necessary. This article presents a framework for chatbot-controlled home appliance control system and was implemented by programming a Raspberry Pi using the Python language while the chatbot server was also implemented using a Node.js on JavaScript. The Raspberry Pi was connected to the chatbot server via Wi-Fi using a websockets protocol. The chatbot server is linked to Facebook Messenger using the Messenger Application Protocol Interface. Messages received at the chatbot server are analyzed with RasaNLU to classify the user's intention and extract necessary information which are sent over websocket to the connected Raspberry pi. The system was evaluated using control precision and percentage correct classification with both producing a significant level of acceptance. This work produced a Facebook Messenger chatbot-based framework capable of controlling Home Appliances remotely.