Onshore Site Restoration; Overview and Lesson Learned

Ministerial Regulation of Energy and Mineral Resources (PerMen ESDM) No. 15/2018 and PTK-040 (PTK–040 /SKKMA0000/2018/S0) rev-1, which serve as the recent abandonment and site restoration (ASR) legal basis, mandated Oil and Gas upstream activity to perform EBA (Environmental Based Assessment) prior to or at the contract expiration date, or end-of-contract (EOC). The result of EBA which leads to ASR planning and activities, includes well plug & abandonment (P&A), facility decommissioning, and site restoration activities. The purpose of site restoration is to eliminate environmental risks by performing clean-up of the identified impacted sites from upstream exploitation and production operation activities. Onshore site restoration activities, as part of ASR, refers to several technical regulatory references. They include Ministerial Regulation of Environment (PerMenLH) No. 33/2009 concerning step-by-step Site Restoration Activity (site clearing, delineation, excavation, sampling, segregation, treatment), Governmental Regulation (PP) No. 101/2014 Attachment V. concerning reference of target analyte parameter and criteria, and Ministerial Decree of Environment (KepMenLH) No. 128/2003 on treatment method. This paper intends to provide information, which include overview, and lessons learned from onshore site restoration, as part of ASR activities, to stakeholders who may be subject to ASR implementation.

Government choice between contract termination and contract expiration in re-municipalization: a case of historical recurrence?

Since the early 2000s, the terms ‘re-municipalization’ and ‘reverse privatization’ entered the lexicon as several examples emerged of governments taking ownership of assets and services that had previously been privatized or outsourced. Various methods are used to implement re-municipalization decisions and differences are observed across countries and sectors. The approaches most frequently adopted are re-municipalization through contract termination and contract expiration. We utilize a wide database of re-municipalizations worldwide to analyse the factors that influence governments’ choice between these two approaches. The results from our multivariate analysis find a pattern of historical recurrence in the characteristics of the current re-municipalization process. Points for practitioners Most governments wait for contracts to expire but the number of contract terminations is sizeable. Re-municipalization in larger cities, network sectors (particularly water) and implemented by municipal governments have a positive association with termination. Re-municipalization of energy utilities and conducted in countries of French legal origin is positively associated with contract expiration. Patterns of contemporary re-municipalization closely resemble those witnessed in the ‘Progressive Era’.

SIMULATION OF OBJECT INSURANCE PROCESS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

The article examines the current topic of protection of intellectual property rights with the use of insurance. The advantages of insurance over compensation on the basis of judicial protection are substantiated. Analysis of scientific research has shown that the practice of law enforcement has a number of problems, so insurance creates an opportunity to compensate for losses much faster and more efficiently. The risks associated with the disposal of rights to intellectual property rights have been studied. To model the insurance process, the life cycle of the object of intellectual property rights is built. It is studied that it consists of the creation of an object of intellectual property rights; acquisition of rights to the object of intellectual property rights; disposal of intellectual property rights; protection of rights to intellectual property rights; disposal of the object of intellectual property rights. A model of the process of insurance of intellectual property rights has been developed, the factors influencing this process have been analyzed. It is determined that the process of insurance of the object of intellectual property rights has the following stages: determining the possibility of insurance of rights to the object of intellectual property; concluding an insurance contract; entry into force of the insurance contract; fulfillment of the terms of the insurance contract; expiration of the insurance contract. It is emphasized that the value of the intellectual property affects the determination of the sum insured, within which the insurance company pays the insurance indemnity in the event of an insured event. Approaches to determining the value of an intellectual property object are considered. The calculation is considered on the basis of the profitable (income) approach, which should be used in the process of insuring the object of intellectual property rights. Other factors influencing the possibility of insuring the rights to the object of intellectual property rights and the conclusion of the insurance contract, namely: possible losses from violations and the cost of protection of infringed rights, the term of use of the object of intellectual property rights as such which affects the determination of the term of the insurance contract, aspects of the entry into force of the insurance contract.

Design of Reminder Information Last Contract (RILC) Applications Using Web-Based Sms Gateway

Currently informarsi system is needed by several large companies. To support some data processing, one of them is employee data processing and employee contract data. Given the existing problems in contract data pengelohan often occurs that the check is not maximal so some data left behind and even neglected impact on the increase in salaries of employees who are late due to contracts that are not handled according to schedule. This study aims to create a web-based RIL application using sms gateway for delivery of contract data reminder information. This research uses SDLC method with Extreme Programming model with stages of planning, designing, coding, testing, implementation and evaluation. SMS gateway is a gateway for information dissemination using SMS. With SMS gateway can spread the message of the serial number automatically and quickly which is directly connected with the database of mobile numbers that have been stored. This can be done by RIL applications in sending reminder information messages to the HRD division as well as employees receiving their contract expiration date information. The result of the research is the user can maximize the checking of contract data so that nothing is left behind and give the report that arranged well and clear

Weed-sensing technology modifies fallow control of rush skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea)

Rush skeletonweed is an aggressive perennial weed that establishes itself on land in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), and persists during cropping following contract expiration. It depletes critical soil moisture required for yield potential of winter wheat. In a winter wheat/fallow cropping system, weed control is maintained with glyphosate and tillage during conventional fallow, and with herbicides only in no-till fallow. Research was conducted for control of rush skeletonweed at two sites in eastern Washington, Lacrosse and Hay, to compare the effectiveness of a weed-sensing sprayer and broadcast applications of four herbicides (aminopyralid, chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron, clopyralid, and glyphosate). Experimental design was a split-plot with herbicide and application type as main and subplot factors, respectively. Herbicides were applied in the fall at either broadcast or spot-spraying rates depending on sprayer type. Rush skeletonweed density in May was reduced with use of aminopyralid (1.1 plants m−2), glyphosate (1.4 plants m−2), clopyralid (1.7 plants m−2), and chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron (1.8 plants m−2) compared with the nontreated check (2.6 plants m−2). No treatment differences were observed after May 2019. There was no interaction between herbicide and application system. Area covered using the weed-sensing sprayer was, on average, 52% (P < 0.001) less than the broadcast application at the Lacrosse location but only 20% (P = 0.01) at the Hay location. Spray reduction is dependent on foliar cover in relation to weed density and size. At Lacrosse, the weed-sensing sprayer reduced costs for all herbicide treatments except aminopyralid, with savings up to US$6.80 per hectare. At Hay, the weed-sensing sprayer resulted in economic loss for all products because of higher rush skeletonweed density. The weed-sensing sprayer is a viable fallow weed control tool when weed densities are low or patchy.

SISTEM AKUNTANSI KLAIM HABIS KONTRAK PADA ASURANSI JIWA BERSAMA BUMIPUTERA 1912 CABANG UJUNG TANAH MAKASSAR

The purpose of this research was to know how accounting system for contract expired claims at AJB Bumiputera 1912 Branch Office of Ujung Tanah Makassar, contraints in the system of accounting for contract expired claims and efforts made to overcome the obstacles faced. The type and design in this study used a descritive qualitative type, namely knowing, explaining and describing the accounting system for contract expired claims in AJB Bumiputera 1912 Branch Office of Ujung Tanah Makassar. The program payment of claims through centralization. Finance Department pays immediately to the bank account of the policy holder or recipient of insurance benefit. Recording system payment of contract expiration claim using a computerized system The result showed that accounting system of contract expired claims already has accounting records accordance to their needs. It can be seen that the fractions has worked according to their duties. While the problems that are experienced in the accounting system for contract expired claims, are: lack of supervision on customer premium payments, where there are some customers who are negligent in carrying out their obligations in paying insurance premiums which result in the payment of contract expired claims not due. For this reason, it is necessary to review the system used so that the documents used are in accordance with the needs, and there is no abuse, fraud and the results can be more effective. The efforts to overcome the obstacles in the accounting system for contract expired claims are that the KUAK section (Head of Administrative and Finance Unit) conducts a routine check of premium payment receipts to avoid paying out-of-contract expired claims and sending an official notification letter from the company to the customer that the contract period will expire.

Opportunistic Proposals by Union Shareholders

This paper investigates whether labor unions use proposals opportunistically to influence contract negotiations. Our empirical strategy relies on the observation that proposals have higher bargaining-chip value in contract expiration years, when a new contract must be negotiated. We find that in contract expiration years compared with nonexpiration years, unions increase their proposal rate by one-fifth, particularly proposals concerning executive compensation. Union proposals made during expiration years are less likely to be supported by other shareholders or a leading proxy advisor; the market reacts negatively to union proposals in expiration years; and withdrawn union proposals are accompanied by higher wage settlements. Received March 14, 2017; editorial decision July 19, 2018 by Editor Wei Jiang. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online

Pricing of Futures Contracts

This chapter examines the relation between futures prices relative to the spot price of the underlying asset. Basic futures pricing is characterized by the convergence of futures and spot prices during the delivery period just before contract expiration. However, “no arbitrage” arguments that dictate the fair value of futures contracts largely determine pricing relations before expiration. Although the cost of carry model in its various forms largely determines futures prices before expiration, the chapter presents alternative explanations. Related commodity futures complexes exhibit mean-reverting behavior, as seen in commodity spread markets and other interrelated commodities. Energy commodity futures prices can be somewhat accurately modeled as a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) process, although whether these models provide economically significant excess returns is uncertain.