Function and Meaning of Kalosara Tradition on Tolaki Ethnic People (A Study of Cultural Socialin Konawe Regency, Southeast Province, Indonesia)

This article discusses the function and meaning of kalosara tradition on Tolaki ethnic people in Konawe regency, Southeast Province based on the cultural social aspect. The objective of this research is to describe and to analyze the functions and menaings of kalosara tradition on Tolaki ethnic people in Konawe regency of Southeast province. The data of the research were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. The data then, were analyzed by descriptive qualitative method by using three steps of analyzing; they are reduction, presentation, and taking conclusion. The result of the research showed that Kalosara tradition has some functions and used in various rituals or ceremonies. The functions of kalosara tradition are: as a tool of peace to solve dispute, to keep solidarity, to keep consistency and polite attitudes, and to improve the social control on Tolaki ethnic people tradition. The equipment of Kalosara traditionis called kalo. Kalo has several kinds and each kind has certain meaning. Kalo is made from rattan in circle form to reflect and to give high respectful to the unity and solidarity on Tolaki ethnic group in Konawe regency. Kalo is put in a white cloth which is called siwole. The white cloth is interpreted as purity and sincerity. Purity and sincerity are two of main principles of Tolaki ethnic people.

Science, As a Universal Tale

In This thesis I will account from inductivism and its problem and its successors like falsificationism, structures ofscience and against method, at first; and then, I will prove that “science is a tale.”

New Administrative Practice: The Organizational Identity Operation of Teacher Departments

This study evaluated the organizational identity perceptions of teachers in teacher departments. Based on a literaturereview, this research regards organizational identity as being composed of mind identity, behavior identity, and visualidentity. Fieldwork was conducted, and 180 students in teacher departments were asked to participate in the study.After valid questionnaires were received, SPSS 22.0 was used for analysis. Importance and performance analysis(IPA) is a strategic tool that was used in this study to capture staff requirements for achieving high satisfaction andallocating resources in teacher departments. There were eight, eight, two, and two attributes in Quadrants I, II, III,and IV, respectively. The results of this study could be useful for policymakers and scholars. Policymakers couldlearn from the IPA results and the prioritized variables, and researchers could gain a better understanding of theorganizational identity of universities.

Social Change and Development: A Critical Comparison of Classical with Contemporary Sociological Theory

This study re-examines the prevalent view of classical social theorist, Auguste Comte and contemporary social theorist,Gerhard Lenski. Both social theorists are important figures in terms of social change and social development.Therefore, within context, the notion of social change theories, its relations and cause of social change are discussed,followed by an outline of the concepts of both theorists. Next, it deals with what the two perspectives share in commonand compares the differences between them. The study revealed that the two perspectives are fundamentally differentbecause Comte focused on the development of human thought while Lenski focused on social change and developmentas a result of technology. In this respect, the determinants of social change and development emerge from withinsociety itself; the deepest and the most important disagreement lies between those who see the mental or spiritualevolution of society as the main driving force of history and those who see the role of technology as its root cause.

Responsible Innovation: Moving Towards a Culturally Sensitive Approach

Responsible Innovation (RI) recently emerged as an approach that addresses issues related to major social andenvironmental risks and uncertainties in complex innovations. At this stage, more inquiry is still needed to make theWestern-rooted RI approach more contextual and to facilitate its applicability in practice, especially in other culturalsettings. To address this issue, we propose a conceptual framework based on Hofstede’s dimensions of nationalculture and core processes of RI. We argue that the cultural dimensions are likely to play distinct roles in influencinghow these RI processes would be interpreted and operationalised in different societies with different cultures,illustrating this with some examples from Asian countries. Ultimately, the paper emphasises the importance ofevolving a broader, more comprehensive and mature approach to RI that takes cultural aspects explicitly intoaccount.

Socio-political Violence in Cambodia Between 1990 and 2008: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study of Social Coherence

The relationship between individual and group practice of the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program andreductions in social stress, tension, and violence has been the topic of systematic exploration since the 1970s in Canada,India, Israel, Lebanon, New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, United Kingdom, and United States.Findings from these quantitative studies have been published in leading international conflict resolution and peacestudies journals. However, research in Cambodia has to date only been of a descriptive and qualitative nature with afocus on economic and social variables not violence or crime.The purpose of the present study is therefore to examine socio-political violence in Cambodia between January 1990and December 1992 (the baseline period) and the possible influence of group practice of the Transcendental Meditationand TM-Sidhi program at Maharishi Vedic University (MVU) by 550 undergraduate students beginning in January1993 through December 2008 (the impact-assessment period). This study uses an explanatory mixed methods designto examine socio-political violence using time series analysis of machine-coded news reports (quantitative data) anddocument analysis of national and international media reports, personal statements, and public documents (qualitativedata).Results indicate that beginning in January 1993, when meditating students at MVU began their group practice, amarked downward shift occurred in the trends of socio-political violence and other forms of violent crime in Cambodia,contrary to predicted baseline trends and contrary to widespread community and media expectations. Such aconclusion can be drawn from both the quantitative and qualitative evidence when comparing baseline andimpact-assessment periods, suggesting that the observed decline in socio-political violence during this time wasassociated with an increase in peace, order, and harmony—that is, a rise of social coherence—in the collectiveconsciousness of Cambodia generated by the group of meditating students at MVU.

Translation as Facilitator of Social Movements in Late Qing China: A Skopos Theory Perspective

Unlike the previous two translation waves in the history of China, the third translation wave beginning from LateQing period can be seen as a cross-cultural communication under confrontation and conflict between China andwestern powers. Missionaries and government officials from western powers, institutions affiliated to government,and social activists were actively engaged in various translation activities for their respective purposes by means ofcooperation, which had not only promoted western learning in China and facilitated Chinese social movements andreform, but finally brought the Qing Dynasty to an end in the Chinese Revolution of 1911. This paper aims toexplore the facilitating role of translation in social movements and reforms in China during the time of the Late QingDynasty from Skopos Theory Perspective, in order to show that translators as social activists can not only promoteintercultural communication, but also push forward social changes and help nation building. This translation wave ischaracterized by urgency, purposefulness and practicality, and played the role of enlightening people, spreadingwestern learning and facilitating revolution.

A Look at Retirement Funds in the Iranian Legal System

Pension funds are an important pillar of the social security system of the country. Historically, retirement funds in the Iranian legal system have been a source of many problems, most notably financial deficits. The lack of prospects for the future and the uncertain program and unprofessional management, as a result of the lack of transparency and ineffective and sometimes contradictory laws, have all worked together to make retirement funds a problem in the country; this turmoil and turmoil situation And the inadequacies of funds in all respects have caused worries about the future. Reasons for the aging of the population and the decline in employment and ... have increased the seriousness of the crisis. The implementation of early-retirement laws in different periods, macroeconomic fluctuations, and neglect of misguided and non-normative outlooks and government roles, and largely one-way interactions with funds, are one of the most important reasons for the existence of a crisis in retirement funds In recent years. In Iran, the increase in the number of retirement funds has been caused by various programs and systems (various regulations); in the absence of comprehensive welfare and social security systems in the country, the stratification and distribution of decay and support Boxes will also be added. In this context, it is necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of the status and legal system of the pension funds, with the study of how the administration and the status of the cost are spent, the inputs of these funds and the amount and group covered. In other words, the multiplicity of pension funds and the lack of coordination between these institutions and the lack of a single standard in them and the lack of respect for the fairness of the income received by retirees has caused dissatisfaction with this important group of society, because the type of services and range of support, also from the fund to the fund The difference is different, and this creates discrimination and increases the gap between the strata; it should be noted that the function and function of pension funds is international and the lack of attention to these funds can have serious consequences in the community. Currently, reforms to the rules and regulations of the pension funds and the management and management of these funds are important and important priorities, and the planned measures should be directed towards changing the situation and improving the efficiency and funds and optimal and wise use. Resources are maintained, with no loss or damage to retirement benefits.

Influential Factors on Customers' Satisfaction of Rural ICT Offices: A Case Study of Lordegan Township in Iran

Rural ICT offices (Centers) are one of the initiatives of ICT department in Iran for fulfillment of the rural development process via ICT. Success and effectiveness of these offices depend on the customers' satisfaction regarding the received services. This paper as the one of the first studies in the field of "customers' satisfaction of rural ICT offices" in Iran and the first one in Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province attempts to identify the factors affecting customer satisfaction of ICT offices services in Lordegan Township as a part of Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province. The sample included 39 rural ICT offices (As sample unit) and 272 individuals (As observational unit), who were selected by proportional cluster random sampling method. Survey method was used, and the data was analyzed by correlation and multiple regression techniques. Based on the regression models related to the young and middle-aged groups, 3 variables showed to have significant impact on customers' satisfaction of rural ICT offices in Lordegan Township (Complexity, relative advantage, and educational level) and about the old group, it is deduced that the variable of compatibility has a significant impact on the dependent variable. According to the results, through removing the weaknesses of ICT offices the rural satisfaction of ICT offices can be reinforced.

Comparison of Temporal Conception between Chinese and English

Chinese and English are of variant language systems, which account for some differences in their temporal concepts.In terms of the temporal concepts EARLIER and LATER between Chinese and English, Vyvyan Evans and MelanieGreen came to a conclusion that English tend to view time on a horizontal axis while Chinese on a vertical axis. Thepresent research intends to obtain a more general and objective view of temporal difference across Chinese andEnglish, by referring to definitions and examples in Chinese and English dictionaries and doing a survey amongsenior English majors in Wenzhou University.