Activity of Albanian emigration in the West towards the issue of Kosovo and Metohija (1945-1969)

After the Second World War, a large number of members of the fascist regime of the Kingdom of Albania found refuge in Italy, Turkey and the countries of Western Europe, where they continued to politically act. The leading political options in exile - Balli Kombetar, Zogists and pro-Italian National Independent Bloc, decided to cooperate with each other, so they have formed the Albanian National Committee in 1946. The turning point for the Albanian extreme emigration in the West is Operation Valuable, by which the United States and Great Britain sought to overthrow the Communist regime of Enver Hoxha in Albania. Although the operation failed, strong ties were forged between US and British intelligence and Albanian nacionalist emigration, which were further intensified in the 1960s. Xhafer Deva, who was dedicated to act on the annexation of Kosovo and Metohija to Albania, immigrated to the United States in 1956 and established cooperation with the CIA. Albanian emigration in the West applied different methods in politics towards Kosovo and Metohija. Some organizations, such as Xhafer Deva's Third Prizren League, have focused on lobbying Western intelligence. The Bali Kombetar Independent, headquatered in Rome, paid particular attention to working with Albanian high school and student youth in Kosovo and Metohija. The Alliance of Kosovo, formed in 1949, was engaged in subtle methods of involving Albanian nationalists in Yugoslav state structures, the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav People's Army, and educational and health institutions in Kosovo and Metohija. Albanian emigration was also involved in violent demonstrations in Kosovo and Metohija in 1968, and cooperated on this issue with the Communist regime of Enver Hoxha in Albania.

To doubt in our hearts: The substance dualism in the light of Peirce's criticism of 'The spirit of Cartesianism'

In this article, the author addresses the problem of Cartesian dualism through the prism of Peirce's criticism of the 'spirit of Cartesianism'. The faith in the intuitive knowledge and the strong emphasis on individualism Peirce sees as its two main features, therefore, they are the focus of the paper. The underlying idea is to show that, in the light of the pragmatic critique, the Cartesian substance dualism appears to be foremost an epistemological and methodological problem, and not a metaphysical problem of disparate substances.

Basic personality traits in patients with myocardial infarction

On the topic of cardiovascular diseases, textbooks usually list a psychogenic factor as one of the last risk factors, and it is defined quite vaguely and differently as stress, trauma or personality traits. The five-factor model of personality that we used in our research belongs to the field of psychology that deals with the basic structure-basic personality traits. Basic personality traits are understood as non-cognitive, time-stable and, in relation to the characteristics of the sample, invariant dispositional constructs that can explain most of the variance of individual differences. The main goal of the study is to relate heart rate variability (HRV) parameters with comprehensively described personality functioning thru NEO-PI-R inventory. Sample consists of 95 persons (65 males and 32 females) with non-fatal cardiac arrest (age between 35 and 60). HRV and personality measurements were done during their hospital treatment. Personality dimensions were measured by NEO-PI-R inventory and HRV variables were measured by five tests for cardio-vascular reflexes by Ewing and Clark and by Holter monitoring. Our results indicate that there are statistically significant correlations between Openness as psychological variable on one side, and different parameters of functioning of autonomic nervous system, measured indirectly thru HRV variables, on the other side. In our study product-moment correlation analysis was employed between personality and HRV variables and canonical analysis of covariance between linear composites extracted in two sets of variables (HRV and personality) was employed. Three statistically significant correlations were obtained. The first correlation reveals that absence of Openness is related to parameters indicating good functioning of sympathetic function. The second correlation reflects the relationship between elevated Neuroticism with good functioning of vagal segment of autonomic nervous system which is followed by slight unitability of sympathetic function registered by EKG analysis. Third correlation indicated that Extrovert persons has tendency of good sympathetic functioning which is followed by slight vagal disfunction measured by short term analysis. There is not only one, but several mechanisms through which the connection between the functioning of the basic structure of personality and ANS is realized. This means that the influence of the basic structure on the ANS is not unambiguous, and that, as we have said, it is realized through different mechanisms. Overcoming opposite theoretical orientations through an integral and multidisciplinary approach to coronary heart disease is becoming topical. It is emphasized that research should include equally variables of biological, psychological, and sociological order. Also, in accordance with this type of research, it insists on a modern methodology that will include multivariate designs, adequate multidimensional techniques, controlled samples and variables and precise statistical methods. It is believed that in this way, some of the controversial issues in this area will be resolved, such as: the share and mechanisms of action of psychological factors in the chain in which emotions and physical illness intertwine and continue on each other. We hope that this paper is one in this direction.

The spread and importance of iatric cults in the antiquity with special reference to the cult of Asclepius and his veneration in Naissus

Iatric cults were spread in Hellas, and in the Hellenistic period were also venerated in Roman Empire. The most famous were Asclepius and his daughter Hygeia. Asclepius was famous Greek physician whose divine nature helped to heal the patients, which is why he was very popular among people. That's why he was popular among people. Asclepius was the only Greek deity to be accepted in the Temple of Westphalia in Rome, which means that the Romans thoroughly accepted him as very important deity in the Roman religion. He was considered to be the guardian of the individuals as well as the whole families, in addition, the protector of soldiers and even emperors. Sanctuaries were built in his honor, but he was also revered in sanctuaries of other gods. The healing power of Asclepius was associated with hot and cold water springs for use of water in the healing process which was very respected since the water was used in healing processes. It is assumed that one shrine was placed in imperial villa in Mediana, due to near hot water source in Niška banja. The veneration of cult of Asclepius in Mediana is traced back to the Roman emperor Julian and his restoration to paganism. Although Julian ruled for a short period of time, the statues of Asclepius and Hygeia remained in the villa in Mediana for decoration, only to be destroyed during the Hun devastation of Nais in 378. The need to prevent and cure people form deadly infectious diseases, which took many lives, had caused the respect of the cult of Asclepius in the territory of Hellas, Asia Minor and most part of Roman Empire in the period from the 16th century BC until the 6th century AD. From ancient time, people felt the need to take care of their own health, and when there was no other way to be cured, Asclepius helped with his supernatural power. His ability and readiness to provide help to everyone who needed it, made him the most widespread and respected cult of healing.

Educational activities in the period of Hitler's National Socialist Youth

This paper reviews the educational activity during Hitler's National Socialist Youth and its two branches: Hitlerjugend and The League of German Girls. Both of these branches were established during the Weimar Republic, but acquired extreme features after 1933. The Nazis realized early on the importance of educating German youth to achieve the party's strategic goals-creating the pure Aryan race, Germany as the world's leading power in political, military, economic and cultural terms, and the German people to rule the world as the most civilized people with their superior tradition and culture. Educational activities from this period were focused on eugenics, totalitarian, militaristic, racist, ideological, anti-Semitic, occult and other inhuman, anti-human and anti-pedagogical principles. In addition to the numerous negative consequences, it left in the history of pedagogy; it contributed to the destruction of an entire generation of German children and youth. For this reason, there is the need for a more detailed study of this topic in order to warn of the consequences that would occur in the future if education was ever again based on the principles of Hitler's National Socialist Youth in Nazi Germany.

Language learning strategies and extraversion/introversion in the EFL context

Due to the fact that extraverted and introverted personalities behave and react rather differently, especially in the context of foreign language learning, teachers and learners often believe that these two personality types have different learning habits and require different learning environments. This is often reflected in different choices of language learning strategies that these two personality types make, which has already been proven in several research studies. However, these studies did not investigate the selection of language learning strategies in connection to extraversion/introversion among high school students, so this paper aims to determine any possible links for this age group. In order to do that the research relies on the EPQR-S to determine the students' personality type and Strategy Inventory for Language Learning to determine the participants' strategy preference. The participants who took part in this research were sixty first- and second-grade students aged 15 to 17 from a medical high school in Novi Sad. The results from this research were analyzed quantitatively and, based on the results, it can be concluded that there are differences in strategy selection. Extraverts use compensation strategies most frequently, while affective strategies are reported to be the least frequently used. Introverts, on the other hand, report the highest use for metacognitive strategies and the lowest for affective strategies, similar to extraverts.

Onomastics of the village Velika Kruševica near Rekovac

The paper presents the onomastics recorded in Levač village Velika Kruševica which is situated in the Levač municipality. We have registered toponyms, personal and family nicknames, personal names and surnames of all the residents who have been in the village during our visit (some have been working in the fields). A short analysis of lexical and semantic units has been done as well as the classification of the registered onyms. Integral part of the paper is also a dictionary with an alphabetical list of the recorded onyms.

The affect and its image in Gilles Deleuze's philosophy

There is no perception without affection. This necessity comes from the very fact that perception measures our possible action upon things, and thereby, the possible action of things upon us. For the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, affection occupies exactly this gap between the potentiality of action of the perceived objects and our virtual action upon them. This encounter between the affected body and the affecting body presumes the in-betweenness, an interval between a perception which is troubling in certain respects and a hesitant action. As opposed to emotion, which is directed toward a certain goal and demands actualization, affect precedes will, as a pre-personal intensity referring to the passage from one experiential state of the body to another. Influenced by Baruch Spinoza's concept of affect and Henri Bergson's thesis on movement that he considers the essence of cinema's movement-image, Deleuze creates his own theory of affect that finds its most obvious manifestation in the works of art. The artist creates affects, gives them to us, draws us into the compound, and makes us become with them. Deleuze's aesthetics produces the spectator's movement in-place through sensation. Through shapes and colours, the canvas vibrates, clenches or cracks open because it is the bearer of glimpsed forces. Like with Edward Munch's The Scream or Francis Bacon's Portrait of Pope Innocent X, the invisible forces become visible in themselves and thus the sensation becomes materialized right there on the canvas surface. In cinema, this materialization of sensation Deleuze recognized in the affection-image, abstracted from the causal and spatio-temporal relations to the images that surround it, and therefore open to a spiritual dimension. As power-quality, the affect gains its independence from the thing that expresses it and becomes an entity, a potentiality considered to itself.