The Social Identity Perspective in Intergroup Relations: Theories, Themes, and Controversies

2008 ◽  
pp. 133-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Turner ◽  
Katherine J. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
The Social

Going to extremes: Social identity and communication processes associated with gang membership

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liran Goldman ◽  
Howard Giles ◽  
Michael A. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gang Membership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Gang violence, endemic to many communities in the United States and around the world is a very significant social problem. Given that the messages conveyed by, and the rivalries associated with, gang identities readily invoke constructs and processes familiar to the social psychological study of social identity, intergroup relations, and communication (Lauger, 2012), it is surprising that social psychologists have not advanced such an analysis of gangs. In attempt to fill this void and set a research agenda, this theoretical article examines the role social identity and identity-related communication play in promoting affiliation with gangs, particularly among youth who confront uncertainties and strive for family-like protection. The article discusses messaging communicated by gang members and reasons why youth adopt antisocial (e.g., violent) rather than prosocial behaviors. It also explores ways to diminish the allure of gang membership and raises questions for future research.

Jokes and Humor in Intergroup Relations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Ford ◽  
Christopher J. Breeden ◽  
Emma C. O'Connor ◽  
Noely C. Banos
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Disparagement Humor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Offensive Speech

Humor fundamentally trivializes its topic and invites people to think about it playfully and non-seriously. Intergroup humor, humor that disparages a social group or its representatives thus disguises expressions of prejudice in a cloak of fun and frivolity, affording it the appearance of social acceptability. As a result, disparagement humor represents a pervasive mechanism for communicating prejudice particularly since society has become increasingly sensitive to expressions of prejudice and other forms of offensive speech. Indeed, disparagement humor is perhaps more readily available to us now in the digital age than ever before. Because of its disguise of social acceptability, disparagement humor serves unique paradoxical functions in intergroup settings. It can function as a social “lubricant” and as a social “abrasive.” Disparagement humor directed at social out-groups functions as a social abrasive by threatening the social identity of members of the targeted group, by transmitting negative stereotypes and prejudice, by intensifying prejudice in the service of social dominance motives, and by fostering the release of prejudice against targeted out-groups. It simultaneously serves as a social lubricant for members of the in-group (the non-disparaged group) by enhancing personal and social identities. Finally, it can be co-opted by members of oppressed groups to serve social lubricant functions, including the subversion of prejudice, provided audiences understand and appreciate the subversive intent.

Gender disparaging jokes: An investigation of sexist-nonstereotypical jokes on funniness, typicality, and the moderating role of ingroup identification

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Abrams ◽  
Amy M. Bippus ◽  
Karen J. McGaughey
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis experiment relied on social identity theory to investigate jokes that express superiority and denigration toward social groups. In particular, the social identity of gender is examined in the context of sexist-nonstereotypical jokes. Results revealed that sexist-nonstereotypical jokes had the greatest impact on women. Specifically, women rated jokes about men funnier than jokes about themselves, and highly identified women found jokes targeting men significantly funnier than jokes targeting women. These results, and others relating to prototypicality, offer insight into how disparaging intergroup jokes function to accentuate and attenuate intergroup relations.

scholarly journals The perception of instability and legitimacy of status differences enhances the infrahumanization bias Among high status groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366
Author(s):  
Cristina Mosso ◽  
Silvia Russo
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
High Status ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Psychology Courses ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Status Differences

Previous research within the social identity framework has shown that perceptions of legitimacy and stability of status differences interactively determine cognitive, emotional, and behavioural responses to intergroup contexts. Whether such perceptions affect subtle forms of prejudice, namely infrahumanisation, is unknown. We examined if the perceptions regarding high status stability and legitimacy are associated to the infrahumanisation bias. We hypothesized that participants perceiving status differences as unstable and legitimate would report higher levels of infrahumanization than those who perceive status differences as stable and/or illegitimate. Participants (N = 439 Italian students enrolled in psychology courses) completed a structured paper-and-pencil questionnaire. We found that participants tended to attribute more negative secondary emotions to their ingroup (Italians) than to the outgroup (immigrants from Africa), indicating the presence of an infrahumanization bias. The results of a moderated regression aimed at predicting infrahumanization showed that high-status group members who perceived status differences as legitimate and unstable reported higher levels of infrahumanization than their counterparts did. The results attest the important and independent role of the perceptions related to the status for the debate on intergroup relations.

scholarly journals Understanding Intergroup Relations in Childhood and Adolescence

2021 ◽  
pp. 108926802110500
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergroup Biases ◽  
Shared Understandings ◽  
Social Identity Approach

There are various theoretical approaches for understanding intergroup biases among children and adolescents. This article focuses on the social identity approach and argues that existing research will benefit by more fully considering the implications of this approach for examining intergroup relations among youngsters. These implications include (a) the importance of self-categorization, (b) the role of self-stereotyping and group identification, (c) the relevance of shared understandings and developing ingroup consensus, and (d) the importance of coordinated action for positive and negative intergroup relations. These implications of the social identity approach suggest several avenues for investigating children’s and adolescents’ intergroup relations that have not been fully appreciated in the existing literature. However, there are also limitations to the social identity approach for the developmental understanding and some of these are discussed.

scholarly journals O papel do sotaque nas relações intergrupais: apresentação de uma área de pesquisa

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Elayne Cunha Souza ◽  
Leoncio Camino ◽  
Tiago Jessé Souza Lima ◽  
Ana Beatriz Gomes Fontenele
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
The Social ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of

RESUMO: O presente artigo apresenta uma revisão teórica sobre o estudo do sotaque e sua influência nas relações intergrupais dentro da Psicologia Social. Nesse sentido, analisamos a definição de sotaque e sua centralidade já nos primeiros anos de vida, discutimos sobre o mito de uma língua padrão e apresentamos as principais metodologias no estudo do sotaque.  Além disso, analisamos o processo de avaliação dos sotaques, evidenciando a importância que eles têm para a identidade social dos indivíduos, para desencadear o processo de categorização social e formação de estereótipos e, consequentemente, na discriminação em diversos contextos sociais contra falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão. Finalmente, analisamos diferentes interpretações acerca da atribuição de valor negativo a falantes de sotaques considerados fora do padrão e propomos que essa avaliação negativa do sotaque funciona como uma justificação aparentemente neutra utilizada por indivíduos preconceituosos para discriminar falantes de sotaques não padrão, ou seja, os membros de grupos minoritários. Deste modo, defendemos que o estigma do sotaque per se não leva à discriminação, isso só vai ocorrer naqueles indivíduos que já tenham uma representação negativa do grupo alvo.Palavras-chave: sotaque; relações intergrupais; preconceito; discriminação; legitimação.ABSTRACT: This article presents a theoretical review on the study of the accent and its influence on intergroup relations within Social Psychology. In this sense, we analyze the definition of an accent and its centrality already in the first years of life, we discuss about the myth of a standard language and present the main methodologies in the study of the accent. In addition, we analyze the process of assessment of accents, highlighting the importance its have for the social identity of individuals, to trigger the process of social categorization and stereotyping and, consequently, discrimination in various social contexts against speakers of accents considered non-standard. Finally, we analyze different interpretations of negative evaluations of speakers of accents considered non-standard and propose that this negative assessment of accent works as a seemingly neutral justification used by prejudiced individuals to discriminate non-standard accent speakers, that is, the minority groups. In this way, we argue that the accent stigma per se does not lead to discrimination, this will only occur in those individuals who already have a negative representation of the target group.Keywords: accent; intergroup relations; prejudice; discrimination; legitimacy.

Receptivity to an outside Religion: Light from Interaction between Sociology and Missiology

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
New Religion

Since missiology is a more comprehensive discipline than the social sciences, it is especially important for missiologists to mark transitions from one discipline to the other. As an example of the utility of the social sciences for missiology when the integrity of the former is maintained, a social scientific perspective, recently developed in Europe, is applied to the topic of receptivity to Christianity or to any religion or ideology introduced from outside a society. It is theorized that receptivity will be affected by the perception of the contribution the new religion or ideology makes to social identity. This perception, in turn, is affected by intergroup relations. Cases are considered and then implications for missiology discussed.

Social identities, societal change and mental borders

Human Affairs ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Petrjánošová ◽  
Barbara Lášticová
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
The City

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the relations between cross-border mobility, national categorization and intergroup relations in a changing Europe. It focuses on young adults (N=34) commuting on a regular basis between the city of Bratislava (the capital of Slovakia) and the city of Vienna (the capital of Austria). Our study draws on the social identity perspective, however, we consider social identity as a discourse of (not) belonging, similarity and difference, which is continually (re)negotiated within a given social context. Semi-structured qualitative interviews, focus groups and drawings of the border area were used as research instruments. We have identified different types of experience in various subgroups of participants framed by (1) age at the time of arrival in Austria; (2) different mobility motivations and goals; (3) interaction setting; (4) the political and economic situation in Slovakia at the time of arrival to Austria linked to perceived status differences. On the individual level, the motivation to integrate or its lack seems to be a crucial element in the ingroup construction and perception of intergroup relations.

Knowledge Contribution in Organizations via Social Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Behringer ◽  
Kai Sassenberg ◽  
Annika Scholl
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Willingness To Contribute ◽  
Social Media Tool

Abstract. Knowledge exchange via social media is crucial for organizational success. Yet, many employees only read others’ contributions without actively contributing their knowledge. We thus examined predictors of the willingness to contribute knowledge. Applying social identity theory and expectancy theory to knowledge exchange, we investigated the interplay of users’ identification with their organization and perceived usefulness of a social media tool. In two studies, identification facilitated users’ willingness to contribute knowledge – provided that the social media tool seemed useful (vs. not-useful). Interestingly, identification also raised the importance of acquiring knowledge collectively, which could in turn compensate for low usefulness of the tool. Hence, considering both social and media factors is crucial to enhance employees’ willingness to share knowledge via social media.

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