Involvement of extracellular vesicles in aging process and their beneficial effects in alleviating aging‐associated symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhurima Das ◽  
Vaijayanti Kale
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Associated Symptoms

Extracellular Vesicles: Footprints of environmental exposures in the aging process?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Monti ◽  
Giulia Solazzo ◽  
Luca Ferrari ◽  
Valentina Bollati
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Environmental Exposures

Circulating extracellular vesicles in the aging process: impact of aerobic exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 440 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Bertoldi ◽  
Laura Reck Cechinel ◽  
Bruna Schallenberger ◽  
Giana Blume Corssac ◽  
Samuel Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Aging Process

scholarly journals Interferon-γ and Hypoxia Priming Have Limited Effect on the miRNA Landscape of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Peltzer ◽  
Kyle Lund ◽  
Marie-Emmanuelle Goriot ◽  
Marion Grosbot ◽  
Jean-Jacques Lataillade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Serum Free Condition

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based cell therapy has received great interest in regenerative medicine. Priming the cells during the culture phase can improve their efficacy and/or survival after injection. The literature suggests that MSC extracellular vesicles (EV) can recapitulate a substantial part of the beneficial effects of the cells they originate from, and that micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are important players in EV biological action. Here, our aim was to determine if two classical priming methods of MSC, interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and hypoxia (HYP), could modify their EV miRNA content. Human bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) from five healthy donors were cultured with IFNγ or in HYP or in control (CONT) conditions. The conditioned media were collected after 48 h in serum-free condition and EV were isolated by ultracentrifugation. Total RNA was isolated, pools of CONT, IFN, and HYP cDNA were prepared, and a miRNA profiling was performed using RT-qPCR. Then, miRNAs were selected based on their detectability and measured on each individual EV sample. Priming had no effect on EV amount or size distribution. A set of 81 miRNAs was detected in at least one of the pools of EVs. They were measured on each individual sample; 41 miRNAs were detected in all samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) failed to discriminate the groups. HYP induced a significant decrease in EV hsa-miR-34a-3p content and IFN induced a significant increase in five miRNAs (hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-126-3p, hsa-miR-451a, and hsa-miR-665). Taken together, we found only limited alterations in the miRNA landscape of MSC EV with a high inter-individual variability.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles for Acute and Chronic Lung Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Worthington ◽  
James S. Hagood
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Clinical Questions ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Published Research

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess regenerative properties and have been shown to improve outcomes and survival in acute and chronic lung diseases, but there have been some safety concerns raised related to MSC-based therapy. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that many of the regenerative effects of MSCs can be attributed to the MSC-derived secretome, which contains soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-derived EVs) replicate many of the beneficial effects of MSCs and contain a variety of bioactive factors that are transferred to recipient cells, mediating downstream signaling. MSC-derived EV therapy holds promise as a safe and effective treatment for pulmonary disease, but there remain many scientific and clinical questions that will need to be addressed before EVs are widely applied as a therapy. To date, the use of MSC-derived EVs as a treatment for lung disease has been conducted primarily in in vitro or pre-clinical animal models. In this review, we will discuss the current published research investigating the use of EVs as a potential therapeutic for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, and silicosis.

scholarly journals Concentrates of two subsets of extracellular vesicles from cow’s milk modulate symptoms and inflammation in experimental colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderrahim Benmoussa ◽  
Idrissa Diallo ◽  
Mabrouka Salem ◽  
Sara Michel ◽  
Caroline Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Mucin Secretion ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication and modulation of numerous physiological and pathological processes. EVs are found in large quantities in milk and contain several inflammation- and immunity-modulating proteins and microRNAs, through which they exert beneficial effects in several inflammatory disease models. Here, we investigated the effects of two EV subsets, concentrated from commercial cow’s milk, on a murine model of colitis induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). P35K EVs, isolated by ultracentrifugation at 35,000 g, and P100K EVs, isolated at 100,000 g, were previously characterized and administered by gavage to healthy and DSS-treated mice. P35K EVs and, to a lesser extent, P100K EVs improved several outcomes associated to DSS-induced colitis, modulated the gut microbiota, restored intestinal impermeability and replenished mucin secretion. Also, P35K EVs modulated innate immunity, while P100K EVs decreased inflammation through the downregulation of colitis-associated microRNAs, especially miR-125b, associated with a higher expression of the NFκB inhibitor TNFAIP3 (A20). These results suggest that different milk EV subsets may improve colitis outcomes through different, and possibly complementary, mechanisms. Further unveiling of these mechanisms might offer new opportunities for improving the life of patients with colitis and be of importance for milk processing, infant milk formulation and general public health.

Extracellular Vesicles as Therapeutics for Brain Injury and Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (33) ◽  
pp. 3500-3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Upadhya ◽  
Ashok K. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tremendous Importance ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining tremendous importance in comprehending central nervous system (CNS) function and treating neurological disorders because of their role in intercellular communication and reparative processes, and suitability as drug delivery vehicles. Since EVs have lipid membranes, they cross the blood-brain barrier easily and communicate with target neurons and glia even deep inside the brain. EVs from various sources have been isolated, characterized, and tailored for promoting beneficial effects in conditions, such as brain injury and disease. Particularly, EVs isolated from mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells have shown promise for alleviating brain dysfunction after injury or disease. Such properties of stem cell-derived EVs have great importance for clinical applications, as EV therapy can avoid several concerns typically associated with cell therapy. This minireview confers the competence of EVs for improving brain function by modulating CNS injury and disease.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress action in cellular aging

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Cristine de Oliveira ◽  
João Paulo Ferreira Schoffen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Chemical Residues

Various theories try to explain the biological aging by changing the functions and structure of organic systems and cells. During lifetime, free radicals in the oxidative stress lead to lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes, homeostasis imbalance, chemical residues formation, gene mutations in DNA, dysfunction of certain organelles, and the arise of diseases due to cell death and/or injury. This review describes the action of oxidative stress in the cells aging process, emphasizing the factors such as cellular oxidative damage, its consequences and the main protective measures taken to prevent or delay this process. Tests with antioxidants: vitamins A, E and C, flavonoids, carotenoids and minerals, the practice of caloric restriction and physical exercise, seeking the beneficial effects on human health, increasing longevity, reducing the level of oxidative stress, slowing the cellular senescence and origin of certain diseases, are discussed.

scholarly journals miRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles from iPS-Derived Cardiac Progenitor Cells Effectively Reduce Fibrosis and Promote Angiogenesis in Infarcted Heart

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanling Xuan ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Meifeng Xu ◽  
Neal L. Weintraub ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Cardiac Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cardiac Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Infarcted Heart ◽  
Postinfarction Remodeling

Cardiac stem cell therapy offers the potential to ameliorate postinfarction remodeling and development of heart failure but requires optimization of cell-based approaches. Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) induction by ISX-9, a small molecule possessing antioxidant, prosurvival, and regenerative properties, represents an attractive potential approach for cell-based cardiac regenerative therapy. Here, we report that extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted by ISX-9-induced CPCs (EV-CPCISX-9) faithfully recapitulate the beneficial effects of their parent CPCs with regard to postinfarction remodeling. These EV contain a distinct repertoire of biologically active miRNAs that promoted angiogenesis and proliferation of cardiomyocytes while ameliorating fibrosis in the infarcted heart. Amongst the highly enriched miRNAs, miR-373 was strongly antifibrotic, targeting 2 key fibrogenic genes, GDF-11 and ROCK-2. miR-373 mimic itself was highly efficacious in preventing scar formation in the infarcted myocardium. Together, these novel findings have important implications with regard to prevention of postinfarction remodeling.

Effects of Melatonin in Two Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girardin Jean-Louis ◽  
Ferdinand Zizi ◽  
Hans Von Gizycki ◽  
Harvey Taub
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Activity Cycles ◽  
Rest Activity

Dementia has been associated with circadian rhythm disturbances expressed in several dimensions including body temperature, hormonal concentrations, sleep and wakefulness patterns, and rest-activity cycles. These disturbances may be the result of a dampening in the amplitude of the circadian rhythm. One of the symptoms associated with the aging process has been a decline in the amplitude of the melatonin rhythm. Here, the results of melatonin administration to two patients with Alzheimer's disease are presented. Melatonin administration enhanced and stabilized the circadian rest-activity rhythm in one of the patients along with some reduction of daytime sleepiness and an improvement in mood. The other patient, who was characterized by less cognitive impairment, showed no significant changes associated with melatonin ingestion. Interestingly, the acrophase of rest-activity was delayed for about one hour in both patients. These results suggest that melatonin may have beneficial effects in some patients with Alzheimer's disease

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